Browse Articles

<i>N/Si</i> -Doped Nonbenzenoid Buckybowls with Tunable Configurations and Optoelectronic Properties

Timing of the first dressing change after CVC insertion in pediatric critically ill patients: a randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial

Differences in structural color and population genetic structure of Western and Central Palearctic Polyommatus icarus populations

Abstract The blue structural coloration of male Polyommatus icarus butterflies functions as a sexual signaling trait and exhibits remarkable spectral stability within populations despite being generated by highly complex photonic nanoarchitectures. The correlation of the blue sexual signaling color and population genetic variation of the butterflies was investigated across the Western and Central Palearctic regions. Dorsal wing reflectance spectra was measured for 95 male specimens and compared with the population genetic structure revealed in 99 specimens by 18 recently developed microsatellites. Reflectance measurements indicated a clear separation between the European and Central Asian populations, consistent with our previous findings, while the intermediate populations near the Ural Mountains exhibited distinct European spectral characteristics. In contrast, genetic variation showed limited structuring and correlated primarily with geographic distance, as indicated by a significant isolation-by-distance pattern. Thus, although both reflectance and genetic variations are geographically structured, spectral properties are only weakly correlated with genetic differentiation. Populations near the Ural Mountains exhibited genetic ancestry linked to Central Palearctic groups, while displaying distinct Western Palearctic coloration, suggesting that the focal species’ sexual signaling is strongly influenced by local factors. These findings suggest that sexual signaling coloration may evolve at least partially independently of the neutral genetic background, offering additional insight into evolutionary divergence across broad geographic scales.

Machine learning driven forward-reverse design of Ag–ZnO–PEEK nanocomposites for sustainable biomass and lipid enhancement in Chlorella vulgaris AK_123 with integrated anti-bacterial activity

Perceptually coherent sound-space traversal for interactive systems via embeddings, VAE priors and diffusion decoding

Structural Evolution of Pt Nanoclusters Driven by CO Reactant Pressure and Catalyst Temperature

Nanographene‐Based van der Waals Organic Framework With Permanent Porosity

ABSTRACT Porous crystalline materials traditionally rely on robust coordination or covalent bonds. Herein, we report a new C 3 ‐symmetric molecular nanographene 1 containing three hexabenzocoronene (HBC) units that self‐organizes into a permanently porous framework exclusively using weak van der Waals interactions. Single‐crystal x‐ray diffraction results reveal a propeller geometry with C 3 symmetry, forming two‐dimensional honeycomb sheets parallel to the ab plane stabilized by π···π and C–H···π interactions. Nitrogen adsorption measurements at 77 K confirm a Type I(b) isotherm with a record‐breaking Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 1108 m 2 g −1 , the highest reported to date for purely organic van der Waals frameworks. Furthermore, compound 1 exhibits aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and remarkable thermal stability up to 290° C. These results demonstrate that carefully designed nanographenes can achieve high structural predictability and robust porosity without the need for metal nodes or covalent linkages, opening new avenues for gas storage applications.

Impact of feature engineering on predicting non-contact football injuries

Digital literacy is associated with college students’ learning engagement via sequential mediation of self-efficacy and learning adaptability

Cation-Induced Interphasial Viscosity Variations on Gold Electrocatalysts in Nanoconfined Aqueous Electrolytes

Cytotoxicity and synergistic anticancer activity of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. and Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. polyherbal extracts

Integration of Fe Single Atoms to Improve Kinetics and Mass Transport in Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Zinc‐Air Batteries

ABSTRACT Simultaneous optimization of intrinsic activity and mass transport to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance of zinc‐air battery (ZAB) cathodes is crucial yet remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we developed a cross‐scale synergy strategy to embed Fe−N 4 /Fe 3 C active microdomains into a 3D mesopore‐dominated carbon nanoflower framework (Fe SA /Fe 3 C NP @CNF). This approach effectively bridges the microscopic electronic modulation of active sites with the macroscopic regulation of the pore structure of the carbon framework, thus simultaneously improving intrinsic activity and mass transport. The resulting Fe SA /Fe 3 C NP @CNF electrocatalyst exhibits outstanding ORR performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.921 V versus RHE and superior stability. In ZABs, it delivers a high peak power density of 199.1 mW cm −2 and remarkable cycling stability over 500 h. In situ spectroelectrochemical measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that Fe 3 C modulates the electronic structure of Fe−N 4 sites by optimizing Fe 3d orbital occupancy and lowering the energy barrier for oxygen activation. Distribution of relaxation times, zero‐length column chromatography, bubble‐transport dynamics, and finite element simulations collectively demonstrate that the mesopore‐dominated nanoflower architecture promotes rapid oxygen transport and maximizes active‐site accessibility. This study establishes a versatile cross‐scale design principle for developing high‐performance ORR electrocatalysts in practical energy‐conversion devices.

Height-aware attention for industrial defect detection: co-designing imaging and deep networks for rubber–metal bushings

Correction to “DNA-Mediated Cellular Delivery of Functional Enzymes”

Rand transformer net: An efficient network for semantic segmentation of railway engineering entities based on 3D point cloud

HCFL: hybrid contribution-driven federated learning for fair and efficient optimization

Photosynthetic acclimation to abiotic stress in an acidophilic microalga from Tinto River

Strongly Correlated Electron Systems in Triple Metal Atoms Trigger Atomic‐Level Structure Resonance for Durable and Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis

ABSTRACT Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) is an important route for achieving both sustainable ammonia synthesis and wastewater treatment. However, the weak electron correlation characteristics between the active sites in traditional catalysts leads to their limited dynamic adaptability, which highly restricts the construction of ammonia synthesis systems that simultaneously possess high selectivity, high yield rate, and high stability. Here, we synthesize a NiCoFeOOH multi‐metallic catalyst with strong electron coupling characteristics by inducing the electron‐spin‐geometric structure transformation via an in situ reconstruction strategy. NiCoFeOOH sustains high Faradaic efficiencies (FEs, 95%–99%) across a broad potential range together with a remarkable yield rate of 52 mg h −1 cm −2 . The catalyst remains stable for up to 324 h at the industrial current density of 1 A cm −2 (FEs ∼ 90%, a record‐breaking yield rate of ∼72 mg h −1 cm −2 ) in a membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer (MEA), ranking it among the most efficient and stable electrocatalysts reported hitherto. Operando/in situ characterizations combined with theoretical calculations show that atomic resonance between triple octahedral structural unit and key intermediate highly mediates the hydrogenation pathway. Based on the quantum spin exchange interaction, the adaptive charge transport channel among multiple atoms accelerates the proton‐coupled electron transfer kinetics and suppress atomic dissolution at ampere‐level current densities.

Using sagittal otolith morphometrics and shape to discriminate three Nemipterus species (Teleostei: Nemipteridae) from Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt

Abstract Otolith morphology and morphometrics have been widely used to investigate taxonomic distinctions and infer potential relationships among fish species. This study focuses on the sagittal otolith shape and morphological traits of three Nemipterus species ( N. zysron , N. randalli , and N. bipunctatus ), employing size parameters, shape descriptors, Elliptic Fourier Analysis (EFA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Linear relationships were observed between otolith morphometric parameters namely, feret length (OL), feret width (OH), weight (OW), area (OA), and perimeter (OP) and fish biometric traits, including standard length (SL) and body weight (W). Ten shape descriptors, including Circularity (CI), Roundness (RO), and Ellipticity (EL), were evaluated and corrected for size effects. The strongest correlations were noted in OP-OL for N. zysron and N. randalli , and OA-OL for N. bipunctatus Uncorrected descriptors correlated significantly with SL, OL, OH, and OW, whereas corrected descriptors showed mostly non-significant correlations, indicating the effect of size correction. EFA revealed interspecific differences in otolith contour patterns. N. randalli and N. bipunctatus displayed greater morphological similarity, while N. zysron appeared more morphologically distinct. SEM provided detailed structural insights, revealing interspecific differences in the sulcus acusticus , rostrum, and margins, with six unique traits distinguishing N. zysron. This study demonstrates otolith shape analysis as a cost-effective and reliable method for fish species discrimination. These findings underscore the value of otolith-based approaches as alternatives to genetic marker techniques, enhancing taxonomic research.

The chain mediating roles of emotional resilience and posttraumatic growth in the relationship between perceived stress and cognitive flexibility among military recruits

Abstract Military recruits undergo a transition from local youth to qualified soldiers, which subjects them to pressure. Previous research has focused on the relationship between perceived stress and cognitive flexibility; however, researchers have largely overlooked the mediating processes underlying this association, particularly among military recruits. This study aimed to identify the mediating roles played by emotional resilience and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in this relationship. A convenience sampling method was used to select 8509 military recruits from western China. The survey administered to these recruits included a general demographic information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), the Emotional Resilience Scale (ERS), and the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). A mediation analysis was conducted to examine the potential process through which emotional resilience and PTG mediate the relationship between perceived stress and cognitive flexibility. (1) The findings reveal significant correlations among perceived stress, emotional resilience, PTG, and cognitive flexibility. (2) Perceived stress is negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility ( β = -0.32, P  &lt; 0.001). Emotional resilience and PTG not only mediate this relationship but also play chain mediating roles in shaping the relationship between perceived stress and cognitive flexibility. Perceived stress is observed to be significantly related to the cognitive flexibility of military recruits. This relationship is mediated by emotional resilience and PTG—both independently and sequentially—on the basis of a chain mediation model. These findings explain the patterns underlying these associations and provide a theoretical reference for interventions aimed at improving cognitive flexibility.