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An energy aware cluster inspired routing protocol using multi strategy improved crayfish optimization algorithm for guaranteeing green communication in IoT
De novo annotation reveals transcriptomic complexity across the hexaploid wheat pan-genome
Abstract Wheat is the most widely cultivated crop in the world, with over 215 million hectares grown annually. The 10+ Wheat Genomes Project recently sequenced and assembled to chromosome-level the genomes of nine wheat cultivars, uncovering genetic diversity and selection within the pan-genome of wheat. Here, we provide a wheat pan-transcriptome with de novo annotation and differential expression analysis for these wheat cultivars across multiple tissues. Using the de novo annotations we identify cultivar-specific genes and define the core and dispensable genomes. Expression analysis across cultivars and tissues reveals conservation in expression between a large core set of homeologous genes, in addition to widespread changes in subgenome homeolog expression bias between cultivars and cultivar-specific expression profiles. We utilise both the newly constructed gene-based wheat pan-genome and pan-transcriptome, demonstrating variation in the prolamin superfamily and immune-reactive proteins across cultivars.
Privacy-preserving computation scheme for the maximum and minimum values of the sums of keyword-corresponding values in cross-chain data exchange
Integrating cross-sample and cross-modal data for spatial transcriptomics and metabolomics with SpatialMETA
A Facile and Scalable α‐Diimine Platform for Nickel‐Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization
AbstractThe structural design and facile synthesis of ligands are crucial for the development of innovative catalysts. Advances have enabled the iterative design of benchmark α‐diimine nickel catalysts for the synthesis of polyolefins, which represent the largest class of polymers. In this work, a versatile post‐synthetic modification (PSM) strategy is introduced for the synthesis of a new family of α‐diimine nickel catalysts, deviating from the conventional methods. Based on the commercial butanedione ligand backbone that is found in α‐diimine nickel catalysts, target groups were introduced into the backbone via a one‐pot substitution reaction. This simple and efficient approach enabled the large‐scale production of the target systems without purification. Using this protocol, 20 new ligands (50 g‐level) and 20 new nickel catalysts were easily and rapidly synthesized. The catalysts demonstrated significant enhancements in their catalytic activities (4.4 × 108 g mol−1 h−1), thermostabilities (from 90 to 150 °C), and polymer molecular weights (8.3‐fold those of polyethylenes produced by the unmodified catalyst) during ethylene polymerization. These improvements are comparable to those achieved through complicated and tedious aniline modifications in pioneering reports, thereby facilitating the kg‐scale synthesis of polyethylenes, varying from semi‐crystalline plastics to thermoplastic elastomers and ultimately to wax‐like and oil‐like products.
A hybrid support vector machine and neural network model with fuzzy logic fusion for smart city traffic prediction
Mesoscale functional organization of face and body areas in the macaque brain
Freely‐Rotatable Multidentate Molecular Anchor Enables Self‐Adaptive Aqueous Binders for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
AbstractThe rational design and synthesis of reliable binders is a big challenge to efficiently mitigate the severe volume change of silicon‐based anodes for lithium ion batteries. Herein, we report a multidentate molecular anchoring strategy to construct a novel self‐adaptive aqueous binder. This binder composes of robust 3D dynamic networks derived from the crosslinking of the freely‐rotatable multidentate molecular anchor (2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid, BHB) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) via dynamic hydrogen‐mediated self‐assembly, which effectively imparts the fabrication of high‐strength Si/C anodes and achieves high areal capacities (6.13 mAh cm−2) under a high mass loading of 13 mg cm−2. Furthermore, the dynamic and reversible adhesion and the efficient “net‐to‐point” bonding characteristic contribute to enhance structural and interfacial stability in the NCM811/Si/C full cells. Consequently, the cells demonstrate superior cyclability and electrochemical performance. Notably, this multidentate molecular anchoring strategy can be further extended to develop other BHB‐derived self‐adaptive binders (i.e., BHB/PVA and BHB/CMC) for the purpose of dynamic structure regulation. This work provides valuable insights into the judicious modulation of aqueous binders from the perspective of molecular chemistry and product engineering, paving the pathway for the design of auqeous binders for ultra‐high‐energy Si‐based lithium‐ion batteries.
Research on the stability mechanism and control technique of surrounding rock in gob side entry driving
Quantitative CRACI reveals transcriptome-wide distribution of RNA dihydrouridine at base resolution
Abstract Dihydrouridine (D) is an abundant RNA modification, yet its roles in mammals remain poorly understood due to limited detection methods. We even do not have a comprehensive profile of D site location and modification stoichiometry in tRNA. Here, we introduce Chemical Reduction Assisted Cytosine Incorporation sequencing (CRACI), a highly sensitive, quantitative approach for mapping D at single-base resolution. Using CRACI, we generate the transcriptome-wide maps of D in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs from mammals and plants. We uncover D sites in mitochondrial tRNAs and identify DUS2L as the ‘writer’ protein responsible for human mitochondrial tRNAs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that most D modifications have a limited impact on tRNA stability, except for D20a, which also exhibits cis-regulation of adjacent D20 sites. Application of CRACI to human mRNA reveals that D modifications are present but rare and occur at very low stoichiometry. CRACI thus provides a powerful platform for investigating D biology across species.
Diagnostic and prognostic potential of microRNA profiles in endometrioid endometrial cancer
citrOgen: a synthesis-free polysaccharide and protein antigen-presentation to antibody-induction platform
Abstract Existing technologies employed to generate antibodies against bacterial polysaccharides and proteins rely on the availability of purified or synthetic antigens. Here, we present a genetics-based platform that utilises Citrobacter rodentium (CR), an enteric mouse pathogen, to both produce and present complex heterologous polysaccharides and protein antigen complexes during natural infection. As proof of concept, we use lipopolysaccharides (O), capsular polysaccharides (K) and type 3 fimbrial (T3F) antigens expressed by the WHO critical priority pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and Escherichia coli (EC). Following one infection cycle (28 days), CR induces specific IgG antibodies against KPO1, ECO25b, KPK2 and KPT3F. We demonstrate that the antibodies are functional in downstream applications, including protection against pathogenic KP challenge, KP capsular serotyping and KP biofilm inhibition. Whilst KP and EC antigens were used as prototypical examples, this modular platform is now readily adaptable to generate antibodies against diverse polysaccharide and protein antigens, with basic science, public health and therapeutic applications.
Manipulating the Spin State of Fe Atom to Boost Surface Reaction Kinetics Toward Robust Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
AbstractThe photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) performance over transition metal catalysts is limited by the unsatisfactory surface catalytic reaction kinetics, which involves the transformation of electronic spin states. In this work, we successfully regulate the spin state of Fe single atoms (SAs) from a low‐spin configuration (LS) to a medium‐spin state (MS) via a biomineralization strategy, where the coordination configuration of Fe SAs transforms from Fe‐N4 to Fe‐N3S. This spin state transition of Fe center is able to not only influence the orbital orientation but also modulate the electronic coupling between active sites and the adsorbates, thereby enhancing the kinetic process of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Besides, the spin polarization induced by this unique structure could also improve the utilization efficiency of the carriers by facilitating the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers and prolonging their lifetime. All these factors directly contribute to the superior activity of Fer‐N‐C@ZIS (Fer, ferritin; ZIS, ZnIn2S4), which delivers an impressive H2 evolution rate of approximately 31 mmol g−1 h−1 and a high stability over 25 h of continuous operation.
How seas whisper to snow: teleconnections drive spatio–temporal variability of snow cover in Western Himalayas
Abstract The high Himalayas host a vast cryosphere, critical for both local and global environmental stability. While a few former studies have examined point-scale precipitation variabilities; others have focused on snow cover (SC) trends at regional scales. We investigate how SC in the Western Himalayas varies across spatio-temporal scales; and what factors drive these variabilities. Towards this, we derive a historical record (1989–2025) of SC for six high-mountainous watersheds from satellite (Landsat) observations. We calculate three characteristics of SC extent: Fractional SC, fractional Temporary SC, and Principal Components (PC) of Normalized Difference Snow Index. Eigen-vectors of the PCs establish the association between the spatial distribution of SC variability and basin topography. The study found that these SC characteristics are driven substantially by the North Atlantic and The Pacific at interannual time scales. The study found that several climate variability modes drive separate SC components during different seasons. In general, during winter and summer, SC variations are primarily influenced by the North Atlantic, Arctic, and Pacific. In monsoon and fall, apart from local hydroclimatic conditions, the Indian Ocean plays as a major regulator of SC, along with the Pacific. Overall findings of the study could be crucial for season-ahead SC predictions.
Inflammation and mutational burden differentially associated with nivolumab or ipilimumab combination efficacy in colorectal cancer
Kirkendall Effect‐Driven Interface Engineering Facilitates Water Dissociation for Dual‐Site H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Electrosynthesis Simultaneously at the Anode and Cathode
AbstractThe direct integration of renewable energy into H2O2 electrosynthesis systems offers a promising strategy to minimize energy losses and costs. Due to the intermittency of renewable energy, the dual‐site catalysts must efficiently enable both the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) and water oxidation reaction (2e− WOR). The Kirkendall effect was employed to engineer interfaces and construct a NiZnOx─C catalyst with exposed (100) facets. The hetero‐cluster NiOx induces oxygen vacancies and built‐in electric fields, which facilitate water activation and subsequent formation of hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals, thereby enabling a single catalyst to rapidly electrosynthesize H2O2 at both the anode and cathode. Notably, 2e− ORR on the cathode enabled rapid synthesis of high‐concentration H2O2 (33987 mg L−1, 33.18 mol gcatalyst−1 h−1). NiZnOx─C achieves stable 2e− ORR/WOR coupling in a continuous‐flow reactor, operating reliably for 4 h under simulated alternating current (AC) and peaking at a total Faradaic efficiency of 150.9% under amperage‐level direct currents. This work provides insights into interface engineering based on the Kirkendall effect, demonstrating the feasibility of directly integrating intermittent renewable energy into H2O2 electrosynthesis systems.
Decision tree-based machine learning methods for identifying colorectal cancer-associated microRNA signatures and their regulatory networks
Static mechanical cloaking and camouflage from disorder
Visible‐Light‐Driven Iron‐Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Addition of CH<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub> to Alkenes: Facile Access to 1,3‐Dibromo Compounds
AbstractAn efficient visible‐light‐mediated iron‐catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction between CH2Br2 and various alkenes has been developed. This transformation provides direct access to synthetically valuable 1,3‐dibromo compounds with excellent atom economy under mild reaction conditions. The protocol demonstrates remarkable versatility, exhibiting broad substrate scope and excellent functional group compatibility. Notably, the obtained 1,3‐dibromo products function as highly versatile synthetic building blocks. Through rationally designed one‐pot multistep transformations, these intermediates can be conveniently converted into structurally diverse derivatives, including oxetanes and allyl bromides, directly from terminal alkenes.