Kirkendall Effect‐Driven Interface Engineering Facilitates Water Dissociation for Dual‐Site H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Electrosynthesis Simultaneously at the Anode and Cathode

X Xin‐Hao Cai (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) L Lu Peng P Ping Zhu P Peng‐Hui Liu (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) Y Yuan‐Chu Qin (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) Z Zi‐Bo Jing (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) H Hao‐Jie Zhu (Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) C Cheng‐Cheng Huang (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) J Jung‐Hyun Son (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) J Ju‐Won Lee (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) Y Yan‐Lin Chen (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) W Wen‐Long Wang (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China) Q Qian‐Yuan Wu (Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China)

Abstract

AbstractThe direct integration of renewable energy into H2O2 electrosynthesis systems offers a promising strategy to minimize energy losses and costs. Due to the intermittency of renewable energy, the dual‐site catalysts must efficiently enable both the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) and water oxidation reaction (2e− WOR). The Kirkendall effect was employed to engineer interfaces and construct a NiZnOx─C catalyst with exposed (100) facets. The hetero‐cluster NiOx induces oxygen vacancies and built‐in electric fields, which facilitate water activation and subsequent formation of hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals, thereby enabling a single catalyst to rapidly electrosynthesize H2O2 at both the anode and cathode. Notably, 2e− ORR on the cathode enabled rapid synthesis of high‐concentration H2O2 (33987 mg L−1, 33.18 mol gcatalyst−1 h−1). NiZnOx─C achieves stable 2e− ORR/WOR coupling in a continuous‐flow reactor, operating reliably for 4 h under simulated alternating current (AC) and peaking at a total Faradaic efficiency of 150.9% under amperage‐level direct currents. This work provides insights into interface engineering based on the Kirkendall effect, demonstrating the feasibility of directly integrating intermittent renewable energy into H2O2 electrosynthesis systems.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 64, Issue 41
Published October 06, 2025
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (13)

X

Xin‐Hao Cai

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

L

Lu Peng

P

Ping Zhu

P

Peng‐Hui Liu

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

Y

Yuan‐Chu Qin

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

Z

Zi‐Bo Jing

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

H

Hao‐Jie Zhu

Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

C

Cheng‐Cheng Huang

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

J

Jung‐Hyun Son

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

J

Ju‐Won Lee

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

Y

Yan‐Lin Chen

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

W

Wen‐Long Wang

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China

Q

Qian‐Yuan Wu

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Ministry of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability Institute of Environment and Ecology Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China