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Changes in electrical vectors correlated with coronary insufficiency with recent symptoms
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cells restrain anti-cancer drug-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation in tuberculosis
Trench sediment heterogeneity controls accretion mechanisms in subduction zone
Harnessing platinum(IV) prodrugs as versatile photoinitiators and photocrosslinkers for multifunctional hydrogels and protein labeling
Ambient Processing of High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Modules Enabled by Radical Scavengers
AbstractThe pronounced efficiency disparity between ambient‐air‐fabricated organic solar cells (OSCs) and nitrogen‐glovebox‐processed devices poses a major obstacle to industrial‐scale manufacturing. The instability of the organic electron transport layer (ETL) materials in air undoubtedly affects the carrier transport properties, which significantly reduces the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices. Here, based on the antioxidant strategy, the stability of PDINN in air is enhanced by doping PDINN with the antioxidant C60‐OH, thereby successfully achieving the all‐air preparation of OSCs. Eventually, the PCE of the air‐prepared green OSCs based on PM6:BTP‐eC9 and PM6:PTQ10:BTP‐eC9 (o‐xylene) achieves 19.35% and 20.22%, respectively, after being optimized by the antioxidant strategy. Moreover, C60‐OH remarkably improves the operational stability of the device in air with a T80 lifetime of over 1060 h, which is higher than that of undoped device (416 h). Furthermore, the PCE of large‐area (25 cm2) modules based on PDINN:C60‐OH attains 16.47%. This study highlights the potential of the antioxidant strategy to fabricate high‐efficiency and stable organic photovoltaics in air, significantly promoting the development of OSCs.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistant Morganella morganii clinical isolates
Single-pixel infrared imaging thermometry maps human inner canthi temperature
Abstract Efficiently and accurately mapping the temperature of human inner canthi is crucial for disease diagnostics and monitoring. The specific anatomical location of the inner canthi precludes temperature screening methods that are invasive, require tissue contact, and/or demand active illumination. Camera-based thermography, although capable of passive and non-contact temperature mapping, suffers from low efficiency in pixel allocation to the inner canthi as well as from measurement inaccuracies due to background blending and moderate pixel sensitivity. In response to these challenges, we develop single-pixel infrared imaging thermometry (SPIRIT). We design diagonally aggregated two-dimensional transmissive encoding masks using a cyclic S-matrix, which supports compressed data acquisition in a single scan and high image quality through non-iterative reconstruction. SPIRIT maps the temperature distribution of human inner canthi with a resolution of 0.3 °C, which enables human temperature mapping via single-pixel imaging. Using SPIRIT, we reveal sub-degree temperature differences induced by daily physical activities and the glasses-wearing habit. These findings shed light on SPIRIT’s contribution to improving evaluation criteria for public health, including COVID-19 febrile screening.
Convenient Production of Photothermal Recycling Phosphorescent Materials from Cellulose and Lignin
AbstractDeveloping recyclable room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) films using ultrafast fabrication techniques remains a critical yet challenging objective. With this research, we developed an RTP film (Cell‐Lig) through ethanol‐induced phase transition, achieving solid film formation within 1 s from ionic liquid (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, [Bmim]Cl) solutions of cellulose and lignin. The phase transition also generated a confined rigid environment for Cell‐Lig, activating thickness‐ and temperature‐dependent green RTP emission from the incorporated lignin. Furthermore, red afterglow emission using an energy transfer mechanism was realized by incorporating rhodamine B (RhB). The inherent photothermal activity of lignin endowed Cell‐Lig with easy recyclability using light‐controlled phase transitions. Under irradiation, photothermal evaporation of residual ethanol triggered liquefaction (solid‐to‐liquid transition), while ethanol reintroduction facilitated instantaneous hardening. Remarkably, the initial RTP performance was maintained over six recycling cycles. Capitalizing on these attributes, Cell‐Lig was successfully used for advanced coating and security applications.
Bamboo stem ash as a sustainable cement replacement in lightweight foam mortar enhancing mechanical thermal and microstructural properties
Expanding forest research with terrestrial LiDAR technology
Abstract The three-dimensional arrangement of plant components, both within and among individual trees, is fundamental for characterizing forest ecosystems. This structure not only influences but also responds to environmental changes, playing a key role in regulating light regimes, forest productivity, as well as physiological and biophysical processes. Over the past few decades, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS, or terrestrial LiDAR) has provided a unique perspective of this 3D structure, offering new insights into ecological processes and forest disturbances, as well as enhancing structural assessments in forest and carbon inventories. Here, we examine recent advancements in TLS and its applications in forest science. We also explore how increasing computational power, alongside the rise of artificial intelligence, is empowering researchers to tackle more complex questions, paving the way for breakthroughs in understanding forest ecosystem dynamics in a changing world.
Transcriptome analysis combined with single-cell analysis identified that APOC1 influences cholesterol transport by macrophages in ccRCC
Discovery of a CNS active GSK3 degrader using orthogonally reactive linker screening
Abstract Bifunctional targeted protein degraders, also known as Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs), are an emerging drug modality that may offer a new approach for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Identifying chemical starting points for PROTACs remains a largely empirical process and the design rules for identifying Central Nervous System (CNS) active PROTACs have yet to be established. Here we demonstrate a concept of using orthogonally reactive linker reagents, that allow the construction of screening libraries whereby the E3 ligase binder, the target protein binder and the linker can be simultaneously varied and tested directly in cellular assays. This approach enabled the discovery of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) PROTACs which are CNS in vivo active in female mice. Our findings provide opportunities to investigate the role of GSK3 paralogs in cellular and in vivo disease models and for the rapid discovery of in vivo quality bifunctional chemical probes for CNS disease concepts.
Self‐Assembled Homogeneous Heterobimetallic‐Oxide Interfaces Enable Synergistic Hydrogen Evolution Passivation for Durable Acidic Zn–Mn Batteries
AbstractAcidic Zn–Mn batteries hold promising prospects in large‐scale energy storage owing to their higher discharge voltage and capacity. However, the challenge of developing long‐term acidic Zn–Mn batteries still remains due to Zn anode instability in acidic media arising from the inevitable proton corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report self‐assembled homogeneous heterobimetallic‐oxide interfaces on the Zn anode surface via a multi‐cation (Cu2+, In3+, and Sn4+) synergistic regulation strategy to achieve >85.5% depth of discharge with over 1000 h of cycling in strongly acidic medium (pH = 0.9). The design ingeniously blends the SnCl4 hydrolysis and In3+ and Cu2+ ions replacement with Zn metal to spontaneously generate heterobimetallic In–CuZn5 and SnO2 oxide. Heterobimetallic‐oxide interfaces could synergistically inhibit proton corrosion and HER while inducing Zn‐ordered plating/stripping benefiting from the excellent acid resistance of SnO2 and the abundant nucleation sites of heterobimetallic. Crucially, the in situ hydrolysis of SnCl4 establishes a self‐regulated acidic environment without additional acidic medium. Consequently, Zn–Mn pouch battery within this acidic environment delivers a high capacity of 1.39 mAh cm−2 and retains 84.9% of initial capacity after 200 cycles at 1 mA cm−2. This direct multi‐cation synergistic modulated self‐assembly interface strategy holds significant potential for expediting the advancement of high‐safety, large‐scale energy storage technology.
A comparative analysis of meshless based simulation optimization models with metaheuristic algorithms for groundwater remediation
Natural variation of GNP2 enhances grain number to benefit rice yield
Modeling Midbrain and Brainstem Neuromelanins to Characterize Metal Binding and Associated MRI Contrast in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases
AbstractNeuromelanin (NM) is a dark pigment that binds potentially toxic metal ions and is crucial for neuronal vulnerability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was proposed to measure neuromelanin in the substantia nigra or locus coeruleus, potentially providing a marker of Parkinson's disease. Here, synthetic neuromelanin analogues were prepared with iron and copper and used for characterization of metal binding and impact on proton relaxation, a prerequisite for optimizing neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI. The results confirm the presence of paramagnetic mononuclear Fe(III) and antiferromagnetically coupled clusters, which enhance relaxation to variable degrees. Further complexity arises from Cu(II), which can compete for binding to mononuclear sites, aggregate in mixed‐metal clusters, or bind to proteins associated with the melanin moiety. Unlike the strong relaxant Fe(III), Cu(II) only indirectly impacts relaxation by replacing iron. Overall, MRI primarily provides measures of average neuromelanin concentrations. Information on the distribution of neuromelanins with different metal compositions might be obtained with multiparametric MRI.
Balancing Solvation Ability of Polymer and Solvent in Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Efficient Lithium Metal Batteries
AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) show practical potential in lithium metal batteries (LMBs), but their development is hindered by insufficient understanding of Li+ solvation chemistry and its impact on ion transport and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. By regulating the solvation abilities of polymer and solvent, this work explores the relationships between GPE composition, Li+ coordination structures, Li+ transference number, and interphase chemistry. The GPE combining weakly coordinated solvents with strongly coordinating polymer results in strong Li+‐polymer attachment, leading to sluggish ion transport. Employing strongly chelating solvents causes complete Li+‐polymer detachment, forming micelle structures that obstruct ion transport. The GPE with both weakly coordinated solvent fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and polymer 1H,1H,2H,2H‐tridecafluoro‐n‐octyl acrylate (TFOA) enables optimal interactions between Li+ and polymer/solvent, facilitating partial Li+‐polymer detachment and aggregates (AGGs) generation, avoiding micelle formation. This promotes efficient Li+ transport and anion‐derived SEI generation. The resulting GPE achieves 99.2% Coulombic efficiency (CE) in Cu||Li cells and enables 4.5 V LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2||Li to demonstrate 81% capacity retention after 140 cycles. These findings provide valuable insights for further advanced GPE design.
Prognostic and predictive implications of tumor suppressor gene alterations in non-small cell lung cancer
The Hippo terminal effector YAP boosts enterovirus replication in type 1 diabetes
Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk has been associated with enteroviral infections, particularly coxsackieviruses B (CVB). Cellular host factors contributing to virus-induced islet autoimmunity remain unclear. We show that the Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated Protein (YAP) is markedly upregulated in the exocrine and endocrine pancreas of T1D and at-risk autoantibody-positive (AAb+) donors, along with its target CTGF. YAP expression correlates with CVB RNA presence, often in or near infected cells. YAP overexpression enhances CVB replication, islet inflammation, and β-cell apoptosis, whereas its inhibition halts viral replication in primary and immortalized pancreatic cells. In exocrine-islet co-cultures, CVB triggers YAP and target gene expression. In mice, chronic β-cell YAP expression impairs glucose tolerance, abolishes insulin secretion, and promotes β-cell dedifferentiation. Mechanistically, YAP, in complex with its transcription factor TEAD, induces its own negative regulator MST1. MST1 inhibition boosts viral replication and reduces β-cell apoptosis, constituting a negative feedback loop in which the reciprocal antagonism between YAP and MST1 balances viral replication and β-cell death during CVB infections. YAP is thus an important host factor for enteroviral amplification, offering a potential antiviral target in T1D.