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Three-dimensional human mucopolysaccharidosis IVA chondrocyte culture reveals significant impairments in the lysosomal-mitochondrial crosstalk
Synthesis, characterization and molecular docking study of novel bile acid curcumin conjugates as potent antibacterial and antibiofilm agents
Computational simulations of coronary artery bifurcation stenting using realistic plaque distribution and materials
Abstract Coronary bifurcation stenting is a technically demanding procedure that benefits from precise preoperative planning. Finite element analysis (FEA) offers a powerful framework for simulating stent deployment, with full-plaque (FP) models representing the most detailed and physiologically realistic approach. In this study, we developed and validated an FP finite element model for coronary bifurcation stenting, aiming to establish a reference standard for future model assessments. High-resolution pre-stenting optical coherence tomography (OCT) data from nine patient cases were used to reconstruct anatomically accurate 3D models, incorporating detailed plaque compositions. Stent deployment was simulated following real clinical procedural steps. Model accuracy was assessed by comparing minimal lumen diameter (MLD) between simulations and post-stenting OCT measurements using Bland–Altman analysis. The FP model reliably reproduced multi-step stenting procedures, capturing vessel remodeling and stent deformation with high fidelity. The analysis showed a mean bias of 0.07 mm (2.1% error) with 95% limits of agreement from − 0.38 mm to 0.51 mm. These results demonstrate the model’s high accuracy in replicating real-world stenting outcomes. Beyond validation, the FP model offers broad applications. It can serve as a benchmark for evaluating simplified, faster simulation tools, support patient-specific procedural planning, and enable inverse modeling to extract biomechanical properties of plaques. This study establishes the FP model as a robust and versatile platform with potential for future integration into real-time clinical workflows.
Association of hemispheric retinal oxygen extraction and macular plexus-specific capillary density in moderate to advanced glaucomatous hemifield defect
Abstract The aim was to characterize associations of the hemispheric retinal oxygen metabolism with glaucomatous damage and with retinal plexus-specific microvascular information in 35 hemispheres of 25 primary open-angle glaucoma patients with moderate to advanced glaucomatous hemifield defect. Mean deviations (MDs) were calculated using retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density-weighted, perimetric total deviations. RGC counts were modelled from retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Using single-vessel blood flow (Doppler-OCT) and spectroscopic oxygen saturation, retinal blood flow (RBF) and oxygen extraction (extO2) were calculated. From macular OCT-angiography superficial, intermediate and deep capillary densities (SCD, ICD and DCD) were extracted. In POAG, hemispheric positive associations of RBF and extO2 with structural (RGC) and functional (MD) glaucomatous damage were modest (r2 ranging from 0.086 to 0.136, p-values between 0.076 and 0.029). Further analysis revealed that extO2 was more strongly associated with ICD and DCD (ICD: r2 = 0.274, p = 0.002, DCD: r2 = 0.190, p = 0.009) than with SCD (r2 = 0.141, p = 0.037). In contrast, no significant associations were observed between RBF and any macular capillary density across all layers (p > 0.05). ExtO2 variations appeared to reflect changes in deeper rather than superficial plexus capillary density, a relationship not observed for RBF. This suggests that RGC degeneration may lead to reduced oxygen consumption in the superficial retina accompanied by a relative increase in oxygen demand from the deeper retinal microvasculature.
Evidence-based medical therapies for acute heart failure in Cameroon: a retrospective analysis of prescription patterns at Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, 2022–2024
Bimagnon dispersion of La2CuO4 probed by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
Abstract We report on the study of the magnetic excitations of Mott insulator $$\hbox {La}_{2}\hbox {CuO}_4$$ by using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and cluster calculations within the framework of exact diagonalization. Our results demonstrate experimentally that the bimagnon excitation in Cu $$L_3$$ -edge RIXS is enhanced if the incident x-ray energy is slightly above the absorption edge. Through incident-energy-dependent momentum-resolved RIXS, we investigated the excitation of the bimagnon with predominantly $$A_{1g}$$ symmetry. The bimagnons of $$\hbox {La}_{2}\hbox {CuO}_4$$ exhibit a nearly flat dispersion with momentum along the Cu-O bond direction. This observation agrees with the bimagnon dispersion from the calculations on a single-band Hubbard model rather than a Heisenberg model with only the nearest neighbor exchange interaction. This means that the effect of the higher-order spin couplings such as the cyclic or ring exchange interactions caused by the coherent motion of electrons beyond nearest-neighbor sites is important for understanding the bimagnon dynamics of cuprates.
Exploring dynamic RESTful API implementation in IoT environments using Docker
Research on the coupling coordination of high-quality development and carbon emission in China’s construction industry
Investigation of surface integrity in inconel 718 enhanced by heat treatment, ultrasonic impact and multi-media jet processing
Evaluating the accuracy of gridded precipitation datasets and CMIP6 GCM ensemble means against gauge observations in South Wollo, Ethiopia
ASTER 70 suggests no clinical benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in older patients with ER+HER2– breast cancer
Antinociceptive effect of Arvelexin in male mouse models
Designing nonlinearity in a current-starved ring oscillator for reservoir computing hardware
Abstract In building spiking neural networks for edge devices, low power consumption and time scale matching with the input signal are essential characteristics for their analog implementation. In each node of the neural network, an activation function should be implemented to achieve nonlinearity between input spike frequency and output spike frequency. However, the conventional analog implementation often achieves nonlinearity in the voltage domain rather than in the spike frequency domain and consumes considerable power. In this study, a nonlinear frequency-conversion circuit based on a current-starved ring oscillator is proposed. In order to design nonlinearity in the frequency domain, the supply current for the ring oscillator is controlled as a function of input spike frequency. As a result, a hyperbolic-tangent nonlinearity is achieved in the simulation with the TSMC 180 nm process. Furthermore, the supply current is controlled in an extremely low range to achieve low power consumption of 0.2 nW and several hundred millisecond time constants, which are suitable for processing data with similar time scales such as biomedical data, environmental vibration, and so on.
Cured but breathless: the growing burden of DIILD in cancer survivors
Stress distribution characteristics of overburden strata during thick coal seam top coal caving
Abstract Given the lack of systematic research on the movement of overburden strata and damage characteristics of floor residual coal in the process of thick coal seam top coal caving, this study takes the Anping Coal Mine as the engineering background. The spatiotemporal evolution of overburden collapse, force chain transmission, and floor stress redistribution was investigated via the FLAC3D‒PFC coupled numerical method. Owing to the large mining space of the thick coal seam, the collapse of the roof has the progressive characteristic of “first two ends, then the middle”, with a measured collapse angle of approximately 57°, forming an evident caving band and residual coal accumulation zones. Moreover, the force chain network in the goaf evolves from sparse to dense, gradually forming a stable load-bearing structure. In addition, the porosity of the floor fluctuates from a wide range (0.15–0.43) to a more stabilized level (0.18–0.40) after compaction. Correspondingly, the vertical stress in the center of the residual coal floor increases from nearly 0 MPa to 1–3 MPa as the overburden load is transferred downward. The research results have important reference value for the destabilization mechanism of surrounding rock in thick coal seam mined-out areas and the design of residual coal remining and provide feasible ideas for improving mine productivity and guaranteeing safe production and the sustainable development of coal resources.
SOX17-silenced HPAECs upregulate NF-κB-induced CXCL10 and CXCL11: implications for lymphocyte chemotaxis in SOX17-PAH
Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive pulmonary vasculopathy characterized by extensive pre-capillary arterial remodeling, instigating increased pulmonary vascular resistance and eventual right heart failure. Rare mutations in the SOX17 gene and common variants in the enhancer region are thought to predispose to PAH. Central to the PAH pathobiology is lung immune cell recruitment, orchestrated by the overproduction of chemokines (e.g. CXCL10) via the induction of NF-κB. Emerging evidence from murine models of SOX17 impairment suggests perivascular leukocyte accumulation in the lung, likely due to disordered inflammatory mediator expression. Therefore, in the current study we assessed the role of SOX17 deficiency in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) on selected inflammatory mediator release. Following a semi-quantitative array of 100 cytokines and chemokines, we identified markedly elevated CXCL10 and CXCL11 mRNA and soluble protein release in SOX17-silenced HPAECs (versus control siRNA-treated cells), driven by excessive NF-κB p65 activity. Further, we show that plasma CXCL10 levels are raised in a small cohort (n = 3) of carriers of pathogenic SOX17 rare variants versus healthy controls. Finally, SOX17 knockdown HPAEC supernatants mediated the in vitro migration of transfectants expressing CXCR3. Therefore, enhanced lymphocyte migration may be a pathomechanism of PAH due to SOX17 loss, driven by a CXCL10/CXCL11/CXCR3 axis.
Single atom copper anchored N-doped graphene-like carbon for CO2 electroreduction
Rethinking cancer of unknown primary: from diagnostic challenge to targeted treatment
Uniform intrahepatic portal ammonia distribution in cirrhosis
Abstract Lower rates of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) following left-sided transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement have been hypothesized to stem from a distinct ammonia distribution within the portal venous system. This prospective study investigated ammonia concentrations at five portal and splanchnic venous sites in 50 fasting cirrhotic patients (20 female [40%]; mean age: 60.4 years) prior to TIPS implantation for ascites (33/50, 66%) or variceal bleeding (17/50, 34%). While ammonia levels were significantly higher in the superior mesenteric vein (mean: 143 µg/dl) compared to the splenic vein (mean: 66 µg/dl; p < 0.001), mean ammonia concentrations in the right (104 µg/dl) and left (107 µg/dl) portal vein branches were found to be equivalent (p = 0.008 for equivalence). No systematic differences between right and left portal vein ammonia were observed. These findings suggest that in fasting cirrhotic patients, local ammonia levels in the main portal vein branches do not differ significantly. Therefore, other factors likely contribute to any observed differences in HE rates related to TIPS placement site, warranting further investigation into alternative mechanisms.