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Immune cell subsets in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I
Abstract Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 (APS-I) results from mutations in the Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) gene and serves as a valuable model to understand autoimmunity and immune deficiency. Various studies have produced differing results on how AIRE dysfunction affects the balance of immune cell subsets in blood in humans. We conducted high-resolution whole blood immune cell subset analysis using a 36-panel mass cytometry assay in Norwegian APS-I patients (N = 18) and compared with age and sex-matched healthy subjects (N = 19). Additionally, we provide a comprehensive summary of findings from 28 other studies examining blood immune subset distributions in APS-I patients. Norwegian APS-I patients had significantly reduced numbers of B cells, which was driven by lower levels of the naïve and transitional B cell compartments. We further observed trends indicating reduced frequencies of NK cells, as well as deviations in CD16-expressing cells in several subsets in APS-I patients. Contrary to previous reports, our study did not find differences in regulatory T cell levels between APS-I patients and healthy controls. Several studies in our summary consistently reported lower frequencies of resting naïve B cells in APS-I patients and higher proportions of activated memory B cells in APS-I patients. The composition of other immune cell subsets was more diverse between studies, probably reflecting contributions by other factors like medications, ethnicity, disease complexity, insufficient sample sizes, time of sampling, ages, unique immune profiles and health conditions of the patients and controls. Future research should prioritize investigating antigen-specific responses in blood and tissues to further illuminate this complex area.
Human fall direction recognition in the indoor and outdoor environment using multi self-attention RBnet deep architectures and tree seed optimization
Root cause analysis and evaluation of corrective actions for discharge boom suspension failure in bucket wheel excavator
Controls of reservoir quality for submarine fan of F4 Formation in the Z oilfield, Illizi Basin, Algeria
Comprehensive analysis of the PLXNA3 gene on prognosis and immune characteristics in breast cancer
Core–shell nanofibers for localized melanoma therapy delivering Pioglitazone nanoemulsions and gemcitabine dual loaded system
Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application
Toward a synthesis of Paleoamerican fluted point cultures in the Carolinas
Long-term conservation agriculture to enhance soil properties and quality in rice–wheat cropping system
Abstract Conservation agriculture (CA) presents a promising substitute to the tillage-intensive rice–wheat cropping system (RWS) prevalent in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGPs). In the northwestern IGPs, on-farm studies examining the impact of CA durations on soil properties and quality are limited. This study assessed the effects of CA practised for 2 (CA2), 4 (CA4), 8 (CA8), and 12 (CA12) years and conventional tillage (CT) on soil quality in the Nilokheri block of Haryana, India. The collected soil samples from 0–5 to 5–15 cm were analyzed for 22 different soil parameters, and a soil quality index (SQI) was developed using principal component analysis (PCA) for each scenario. The results showed that scenarios CA8 and CA12 had 9.8–10.7 and 11.1–11.3% lower bulk density, respectively, compared to CT. Mean weight diameter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water holding capacity were significantly higher in CA8 and CA12 over CT at both soil layers. Microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity increased by 32 and 42.7%, 14.9 and 32.3% in CA8 and CA12, respectively, over CT in the surface soil. Most of the chemical parameters were significantly influenced by CA, except for pH, electrical conductivity, and available Cu. Key soil quality indicators identified through PCA included Ks, WHC, β-glucosidase activity, dehydrogenase activity, available S, available Fe, and available Cu. The highest SQI was observed in CA12, followed by CA8 and CA4, and the lowest in CT at both depths. The derived regression coefficients revealed a strong positive relationship between SQI and both rice equivalent yield and wheat yield. This finding highlights the potential of enhancing soil quality to boost agricultural productivity under CA, thereby fostering sustainable farming. Such improvements are vital for building climate-resilient cropping and supporting the widespread adoption of CA practices. Therefore, it may be concluded that adopting CA for more than 8 years could help restore soil health and sustain productivity in the rice–wheat cropping system of northwest IGPs.
Da Vinci robotic assisted pyeloplasty versus laparoscopic pyeloplasty in newborns under 3 months
Abstract Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common cause of hydronephrosis in children. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) in newborns with UPJO compared to laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP). We conducted a retrospective study of newborns aged ≤ 3 months who underwent RALP or LP from May 2018 to December 2023. Only primary pyeloplasty cases were included. Seventy-seven newborns (RALP = 46; LP = 31) were enrolled and no significant difference in the newborns’ demographics and pre-operative parameters was found. The mean operation time (OT) was 161.30 ± 29.07 min (RALP) and 200.60 ± 26.66 min (LP) (P < 0.0001), and the mean hospitalization stay was 7.80 ± 1.13 days (RALP) and 9.32 ± 1.19 days (LP) (P < 0.0001). RALP was associated with a higher hospitalization cost than LP (73449 ± 8513 yuan vs. 40152 ± 7555 yuan; P < 0.0001). The effectiveness and safety of RALP for treating UPJO in newborns is comparable to that of LP. In addition, RALP might have advantages over LP with its faster recovery and less trauma.
Effects of aging on the physicomechanical, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity properties of flowable composite resin with strontium-modified phosphate-based glass
Larvicidal efficacy of silk sericin-capped silver nano bioinsecticides (SS-AgNBIs) against Aedes aegypti
Unraveling global malaria incidence and mortality using machine learning and artificial intelligence–driven spatial analysis
Pirfenidone combined with UC-MSCs reversed bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
Specific dynamic facial expression evoked responses show distinct perceptual and attentional features in autism connected to social communication and GABA phenotypes
Reliability of a German version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) administered via telephone
Abstract To date, there is no validated telephone version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) available to collect data about health-related quality of life among patients with heart failure (HF). We assessed the reliability of the German KCCQ administered via telephone in comparison to the self-administered version. Patients with HF admitted to the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital Würzburg were consecutively identified and recruited. Patients completed (a) the self-administered version of the KCCQ, and (b) the telephone-based interview performed by trained raters. The sequence of both approaches was randomized. For the between-method agreement, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated using a non-parametric, rank-based approach. We analysed data from sixty-one HF patients. The median KCCQ overall summary score was 84.8 (interquartile range (IQR) 71.6–76.9). The test-retest reliability between the self-administered and the telephone interview showed good agreement for the total symptom score, the clinical score and the overall summary core: ICC 0.75, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.72–0.79; ICC 0.80, CI 0.77–0.84; ICC 0.83, CI 0.80–0.86, respectively. The German KCCQ administered via telephone showed good test-retest reliability, indicating its applicability to collect data about health status among HF patients over the phone.