Browse Articles

Sunyaev–Zeldovich detection of hot intracluster gas at redshift 4.3

One-year prospective study of a HEMA-based hydrophobic acrylic trifocal IOL (Clareon PanOptix): visual performance, patient-reported outcomes, and optic clarity

Case 4-2026: An 80-Year-Old Woman with Cough and Hypoxemia

GNSS evaluation of GRACE-assimilated water storage models over 89 river basins worldwide

Abstract The gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) and GRACE follow-on (GFO) gravity observations have significantly improved our understanding of the terrestrial water cycle. However, GRACE-assimilated (GA) hydrological models still differ significantly. This paper uses global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data to assess two global GA datasets: Global land water storage release 2 (GLWS2.0) and catchment land surface model GRACE data assimilation (CLSM-DA). From 2004 to 2019, the mean annual amplitude of equivalent water thickness (EWT) of these datasets differs by more than 25 mm over 40% of the modeled land area, and the timing of peak water storage diverges by as much as 30-days across 50% of their domain. We compare the modeled hydrological loading vertical displacement predicted from these models with GNSS uplift data to compare and contrast the model quality. Using river basin boundary information from 89 rivers, we cluster 9,163 global GNSS stations, each with at least three years of daily data. Results show that CLSM-DA generally agrees better with GNSS data across more river basins. Its 100–300 mm larger annual water variation accounts for better agreement in Africa, Southeast Asia, and parts of South America. In regions like the Western United States and Eastern Europe, where both models estimate similar annual amplitudes, CLSM-DA’s 30–60 day phase delay improves alignment with GNSS. This evaluation also reveals key limitations in both models, especially during extreme hydrological events such as droughts, and highlights the value of geodetic observations in advancing GA hydrological modeling.

The Hypertension Control Paradox — Why Is America Stuck?

Anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive potential of essential oils from some cultivated plants in Egypt

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the biological activity of essential oils (EOs) of Artemisia abrotanum , Lavandula dentata , Cymbopogon citratus and Laurus nobilis as anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using lipopolysaccharides-induced nitric oxide (NO) inhibition on murine macrophage cells (RAW264.7) and cancer chemo-preventive influence was assessed in vitro utilizing Hepa1c1c7 murine carcinoma cells. The EO of A. abrotanum has the most potential activity toward inhibition of NO release, recording 96.6 ± 0.1%, as estimated by Greiss assay. Followed by EOs of L. dentata and L. nobilis with 63.6 ± 0.11 and 37.0 ± 0.23%, respectively. At the protein expression level, western blotting technique was used to evaluate the expression of iNOS. The EO of A. abrotanum at 100 µg/ml exhibited a very high impact on inhibiting iNOS expression, followed by EOs of L. dentata and L. nobilis . On the other hand, pre-screening concentration (100 µg/ml) revealed that the EOs of L. dentata and A. abrotanum have moderate potency to induce expression of chemo-preventive marker NQO1. The results revealed that the EO of A. abrotanum had strong anti-inflammatory activity. While the EOs of L. dentata and A. abrotanum have moderate potency to induce cancer chemoprevention.

Aspirin in Patients Receiving Oral Anticoagulation

Medial temporal lobe atrophy is associated with age and pathologies, especially small vessel disease

Abstract Visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) in the clinical workup of cognitive impairment is traditionally corrected for age since MTA increases with age. In addition, common pathologies in the elderly such as amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein and TDP-43 accumulation as well as white matter hyperintensities representing small vessel disease may affect the association between MTA and age. We investigated this in 949 cognitively unimpaired (CU) and 854 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals focusing on amyloid, tau and alpha-synuclein that at present can be measured in vivo in plasma, CSF or using PET. MTA was associated with age also when these aforementioned pathologies were accounted for. WMH was the strongest and most consistent predictor and mediated 32–41% of the association between age and MTA. Secondly, an age-independent cut-off for distinguishing between Aβ- CU and Aβ + CI was derived from 195 CU participants with low levels of pathology. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were comparable for our age-independent and previously published age-adjusted cut-offs. In summary, age and WMH emerged as the most prominent factors associated with MTA. Our age-independent cut-off for MTA performed in line with the best performing age-adjusted cut-off, suggesting our more parsimonious proposal could be useful in a clinical setting.

Seeing It Through — Lessons from a Retinal Stroke Trial

Three-dimensional bulk reduced graphene oxide coatings with strong metal adhesion via cold plasma and pulsed current

Olezarsen for Managing Severe Hypertriglyceridemia and Pancreatitis Risk

Correction: Slower respiration rate is associated with higher self-reported well-being after wellness training

A 12,000-Year-Old Case of <i>NPR2</i> -Related Acromesomelic Dysplasia

The proprioception illusion can simulate limb movement in persons with limb difference

CORE Principles in the Management of Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

The interplay of grit, resilience, and burnout among medical students during exams: a cross-sectional study in Mansoura university, Egypt

Abstract Medical students experience significant burnout during exams, underscoring the need for factors that can buffer its impact. Thus, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between grit, resilience, and burnout among Mansoura University medical students during the January 2025 exam period. Following a pilot study, an online survey distributed via the faculty’s official student platforms using convenience sampling collected responses from 653 students. Participants completed the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-23), Short Grit Scale (Grit-S), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Pearson correlations assessed bivariate relationships, and multivariable linear regression identified independent predictors of burnout. Mean total burnout was 3.62 (range 1–5), and subdomain means were highest for exhaustion (3.96) and cognitive impairment (3.66). Burnout correlated negatively with grit ( r  = − 0.595, p  &lt; 0.001) and resilience ( r  = − 0.519, p  &lt; 0.001); grit and resilience were positively correlated ( r  = 0.426, p  &lt; 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, both grit (Unstandardized Beta (B) = -0.46, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [-0.52, -0.39]) and resilience (B = -0.32, 95% CI [-0.38, -0.25]) were independently associated with lower burnout. These findings highlight grit and resilience as significant protective factors against burnout among medical students during exams.

Inheritance

Psychological and cognitive-emotional moderators of suicidal ideation and self-harm in young adults

Abstract The risk for suicide has been conceptualized as a continuum from dysfunctional psychological and cognitive states to suicidal thoughts and behaviour. Little is known about risk and protective factors along the continuum. In the current study, we assessed ninety-four university students (36 individuals indicated suicidal ideation and 33 reported self-harm) for suicidality, depression, entrapment, defeat, hopelessness, mindfulness, self-compassion, and implicit associations with death/suicide. We used regression models and moderation analyses to test if mindfulness, self-compassion, and implicit association with death/suicide related to suicidal ideation, self-harm, entrapment, or moderated the hypothesized continuum from entrapment to suicidal ideation and from entrapment to self-harm. Analyses were corrected for the severity of depressive symptomatology. Results indicated that lower self-compassion and weaker implicit associations with death/suicide were statistically associated with self-harm, but not suicidal ideation. Mindfulness is trend-wise associated with entrapment and moderated the relation between entrapment and suicidal ideation. Self-compassion nor implicit associations with death/suicide moderated the relation between entrapment and suicidal ideation. Hence, lower self-compassion and weaker implicit associations with death/suicide seem directly related to suicide risk behaviour, whereas mindfulness appears to negatively (i.e., suggestive of a protective role) relate to psychological risk-states earlier in the continuum. Therefore, self-compassion and mindfulness seem promising prevention targets for suicide risk in young adults.

Aggressive Lymphoma after CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy

Multidimensional strategy enables scalable metabolome diversity in microbial fermentations

Abstract Natural products (NPs) are critical sources of new drug leads, but their biosynthesis is highly sensitive to bioprocess parameters and environmental conditions, making NP discovery especially susceptible to challenges in achieving robust scalability and reproducibility of the metabolome across various cultivation systems. Here, we identified key factors that improved the metabolic footprint overlap of Streptomyces griseochromogenes across three cultivation systems, i.e. baffled shake flasks (BSF), 48 flower plates (48 FP), and a stirred tank bioreactor (STR), by 50 %. Using the classical scale-up criterion of constant oxygen availability, the metabolic footprints were found to differ considerably, with only an 18 % overlap in mass feature (MF) number. Efforts to improve overlap by varying ethanol concentration in culture medium and oxygen availability resulted in an 18 % increase. Factor analysis of 80 cultivations including variations in bioprocess conditions, growth, and MF detection identified morphology and total MF number, mainly influenced by the cultivation systems, as key factors in metabolic footprint reproducibility. Molecular network analysis revealed that 48 FP and STR share the highest number of molecular clusters. Our findings reveal that only multidimensional optimization unlocks robust metabolome scalability and reproducibility across cultivation systems, paving the way for the discovery of novel NPs.