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Benzyl alcohol biosynthesis and its subcellular compartmentalization enable scent formation and salicylic acid production
Symptom duration is associated with esophageal remodeling in achalasia treated by peroral endoscopic myotomy
Abstract Symptom duration may reflect cumulative disease burden in achalasia, but its relation to objective recovery after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) remains unclear. In this single-center prospective observational cohort, 68 eligible patients treated with POEM were stratified by preoperative symptom duration (< 3 years, 3–10 years, and > 10 years). Clinical success was defined as an Eckardt score ≤ 3 at 3 and 6 months. Secondary outcomes included perioperative safety, persistent symptoms, high-resolution manometry, barium esophagram morphology, and subtype distribution. All patients underwent technically successful POEM without severe adverse events, and all achieved clinical success at both follow-up time points; therefore, the study could describe short-term clinical response but could not identify predictors of clinical failure. Longer symptom duration was associated preoperatively with more prior treatment, lower integrated relaxation pressure and lower esophageal sphincter pressure, more advanced esophageal remodeling, fewer type II cases, and more unclassified cases. Among 58 patients with objective 3-month reassessment, manometric and morphologic parameters improved significantly after POEM, although morphologic recovery was less complete in patients with the longest symptom duration. These findings suggest that symptom duration is better interpreted as a marker of cumulative disease remodeling than as an isolated determinant of short-term symptomatic success after POEM.
Integrated unidirectional traveling-wave phonon waveguide parametric amplifier
FedPDM-Net: a federated prototype-guided disentangled deep learning framework for explainable malaria detection
Polarity and anti-distortive polarons in WO3 through epitaxial shear strain
Abstract Bestowing complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-compatible binary oxides with additional functionalities is a powerful strategy toward the realization of oxide electronics. Ideal candidates are thin films which display a strong sensitivity to strain, chemical doping or nanoscale confinement. Among these, crystalline tungsten trioxide WO 3 exhibits exceptional structural flexibility, enabling a wide range of functionalities. Here we reveal the emergence of a polar phase in epitaxial WO 3 thin films. We accomplish this by imposing epitaxial shear strain, which stabilizes a low-symmetry triclinic structure that persists up to large film thicknesses and elevated temperatures. At the atomic scale, a change in the oxygen octahedral tilt pattern facilitates this symmetry lowering into a polar phase, which manifests as a periodic in-plane polarized stripe domain configuration with needle-like bifurcations at the microscale. The stripe domain walls further exhibit a strongly enhanced electrical conductivity in conjunction with a pronounced reduction of a distortive structural mode, providing experimental evidence for anti-distortive polaronic transport recently predicted in WO 3 .
Profound health inequalities between Sub-Saharan Africa and other world regions: a comparative analysis
Smart cellular bricks for decentralized shape classification and damage recovery
Effect of 810-nm diode laser photobiomodulation on the reversal of maxillary and mandibular soft tissue local anaesthesia in children: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial
Bioinspired microcapsule reactor with engineered probiotics for IBD therapy
Abstract Although probiotic-based bionic strategies show therapeutic promise for inflammatory bowel disease, their clinical translation is limited by poor gastric acid survival, inefficient intestinal colonization and inadequate targeting. Inspired by the multi-level cooperative mechanism of defense protection–danger sensing–tissue repair observed in coral communities, we developed a core–shell bionic microcapsule reactor (MY-E@SS). Here we show that the multifunctional bionic shell enables safe delivery of engineered bacteria through the gastrointestinal tract. Upon reaching inflamed intestinal sites, these bacteria sense the pathological microenvironment and responsively release an anti-inflammatory peptide. In a male murine model of inflammatory bowel disease, this system exhibited excellent biocompatibility and pronounced therapeutic efficacy, restoring intestinal barrier integrity, attenuating systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, modulating respiratory metabolism, and reestablishing microbial homeostasis. Mechanistically, therapeutic effects were attributed to inhibition of TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. This work provides an intelligent platform to modulate inflammatory microenvironments and advance therapies for complex diseases.
Combined enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer using a passive bubble-actuated vibrational spring and nanofluid
Conifer-shaped multi-layer elastocaloric regenerators
RIS-assisted dual-hop relaying for coverage enhancement in next-generation wireless networks over fluctuating Nakagami-m channels
A macroscopic condensation theory for vibrational strong coupling effects
Multi-performance reusable biochar phosphoric acid as solid acid nanocatalyst for biodiesel production and multicomponent organic reactions
Latitudinal manganese gradient dynamics associated with Earth’s major ice ages
MR-based skull parametric modeling for blood-brain barrier opening in non-human primates
Neutrophil myeloperoxidase as a functional biomarker for RSV severity: implications for in vitro therapeutic screening
Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants, yet therapeutics are lacking. The aim of this study was to develop a pre‑clinical model that recapitulates key clinical outcomes in infants with RSV bronchiolitis, such as neutrophil activation and migration into the airways. Peripheral blood neutrophils from infants with severe RSV disease admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit showed elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) in children with RSV, compared to age-matched controls. To mechanistically model this response, we established an air–liquid interface (ALI) system incorporating paediatric airway epithelial cells, endothelial cells and neutrophils from adults, to recapitulate the blood-airway barrier. Following RSV infection, with and without treatment with antivirals remdesivir or RSV604, neutrophil migration and activation were assessed using flow cytometry. While both drugs reduced viral load, only RSV604 attenuated MPO expression. This model suggests that MPO could be useful as a readout of therapeutic efficacy. Targeting neutrophil-driven inflammatory pathways may be critical for reducing pathology in infant RSV infection.
Artificial intelligence for comprehensive skeletal maturity assessment: a unified CBCT-based deep learning framework
Surface circumferential spinal cord recording in freely moving rodents
Abstract Spinal cord injury affects over 2.5 million people worldwide, yet current neuroprosthetic strategies remain fragmented, addressing motor, sensory, or autonomic function in isolation. Here we show that a single ultrathin circumferential electrode array, conforming to the spinal cord without penetrating neural tissue, can simultaneously decode motor intent, classify sensory inputs, and discriminate visceral sensory inputs. In freely moving rats during short-term implantation (up to three days), deep learning decoders achieved robust motor intent decoding (R² = 0.97) by exploiting low-frequency spinal oscillations aligned with central pattern generator rhythms. The same interface classified eight sensory modalities with 94.4% accuracy. In acutely anaesthetized pigs, cross-species validation confirmed translational scalability and reliably distinguished visceral sensory inputs. Uniquely, the two-row electrode configuration resolved directional propagation within spinal tracts while electrode-dense one-row devices enabled high-precision intraspinal source localization. By consolidating motor, sensory, and visceral afferent decoding within a single conformal interface, this approach positions the spinal cord as a target for multifunctional neuroprosthetic interfacing, offering a path toward integrated restoration of physiological function after neurological injury.