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MAP3K4 signaling regulates HDAC6 and TRAF4 coexpression and stabilization in trophoblast stem cells
A preliminary simulator study on exploring responses of drivers to driving system reminders on four stimuli in vehicles
A PDZ-kinase allosteric relay mediates Par complex regulator exchange
Hypofractionated partial breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery for patients with early stage breast cancer in China Mainland: a single-arm prospective trial
Studies on the preparation of a sufficient carrier from egg protein and carrageenan for cellulase with optimization and application
Abstract Egg protein (EP) concentration, pH, and glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration were optimized using Box Behnken design (BBD) to prepare GA-EP-Carr (Carrageenan) beads as a carrier for Aspergillus niger MK981235 cellulase. It was recommended that the concentrations of GA, and EP be set at 11.21% (w/v), 8% (w/w), and pH 3, respectively. It was determined that 60 °C and 2% for free form and 60 °C and 3% for im-cellulase were the optimum temperature and CMC concentration parameters for maximum enzyme activity. Free and im-cellulase were determined to have Km and Vmax of 2.22 mg.ml-1 and 1.76 µmol.ml-1.min-1, and 4.55 mg.ml-1 and 3.33 µmol.ml-1.min-1, respectively. Covalent coupling of A. niger cellulase to GA- EP- Carr beads improved its thermodynamic parameters T1/2 and D-values by 2.48, 2.01, and 2.36 times at 40, 50, and 60 °C, respectively. GA- EP- Carr im-cellulase was 100% active for 60 days at 4 °C and can be used for CMC hydrolysis for 20 successive cycles. GA- EP- Carr im-cellulase showed remarkable efficiency in the clarification of mango, peach, grape, and orange juices emphasized by TSS (total soluble solids), turbidity, and reducing sugar measurements for 3 successive cycles. GA- EP- Carr im-cellulase can be applied with high efficiency in juice industry.
Dissecting the sterility phenotype in gene edited Drosophila suzukii pgSIT males
Abstract Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest that affects many fresh, soft-skinned fruits such as strawberries and blueberries. To combat this pest, growers use various methods including insecticide sprays, biological control, and sanitation practices. However, these methods are becoming increasingly ineffective against D. suzukii due to increased resistance against insecticides and increasing labor costs. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been used successfully to control many agricultural pests, but the use of irradiation, sex sorting, and the requirement to scale these insects make it costly to implement. pgSIT (precision guided Sterile Insect Technique) is a novel and efficient way to generate sterile males through genetic engineering and overcomes the drawbacks of traditional SIT. pgSIT has been implemented in multiple Dipteran insects, including D. suzukii, and has been shown to suppress wild insect populations. To further characterize sterile pgSIT males, we evaluated their fertility capacity, lack of mature sperm, and ability to induce a mating refractory period in D. suzukii wildtype females. In this study, we found that pgSIT sterile males do not produce mature sperm and can induce a refractory mating period in wildtype females. Furthermore, sperm DNA is not detected in the reproductive tracts of pgSIT-mated female reproductive tracts. These findings further support the penetrance of the pgSIT technology in D. suzukii and provide further supporting data to governing regulatory bodies in their evaluation of this technology.
Temporal changes in regional variations in cancer survival rates in Osaka, Japan (1997–2015)
Evaluating GPT models for clinical note de-identification
Retrieval of nicotine content in cigar leaves by remote analysis of aerial hyperspectral combining machine learning methods
Proteogenomic analysis reveals Arp 2/3 complex as a common molecular mechanism in high risk pancreatic cysts and pancreatic cancer
Abstract Pancreatic cysts, particularly intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), pose a potential risk for progressing to pancreatic cancer (PC). This study investigates the genetic architecture of benign pancreatic cysts and its potential connection to PC using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The discovery GWAS identified significant genetic variants associated with benign cysts, specifically the rs142409042 variant near the OPCML gene. A pairwise GWAS comparing PC to benign cysts revealed the rs7190458 variant near the BCAR1 and CTRB1 genes. Further analysis with identified GWAS genes highlighted the Actin Related Protein (Arp) 2/3 complex as a potentially important molecular mechanism connecting benign cysts and PC. The Arp2/3 complex-associated genes were significantly upregulated in PC, suggesting their role in the malignant transformation of pancreatic cysts. Differential expression of these genes was observed across various cell types in PC, indicating their involvement in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that the Arp2/3 complex-associated genes can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting the malignant transformation of pancreatic cysts, opening new avenues for targeted therapies and early detection strategies.
Wind turbine blade damage detection based on acoustic signals
Emergence of Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium avenaceum in wilt affected solanaceous crops of the Northern Himalayas
Abstract The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the fungal pathogens responsible for wilt diseases in solanaceous crops, specifically tomato, brinjal, and chili, in the Kashmir valley. Through both morphological and molecular analyses, including DNA barcoding of the ITS, TEF, RPB1, and RPB2 genomic regions, Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium avenaceum were identified as the primary causal agents of wilt in tomato and brinjal, and chili, respectively. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the virulence of these pathogens, with typical wilt symptoms observed upon inoculation. This represents the first report of F. incarnatum and F. avenaceum as wilt pathogens in solanaceous crops in India. Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed the genetic variability of these pathogens, revealing their expanding host range. The findings underscore the growing adaptability of these Fusarium species to diverse agricultural systems and highlight the urgent need for targeted disease management strategies to mitigate the significant yield losses caused by Fusarium wilt in solanaceous vegetable production.
Curcumin nanoparticles alleviate brain mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence in γ-irradiated rats
Abstract Despite the diverse applications of γ radiation in radiotherapy, industrial processes, and sterilization, it causes hazardous effects on living organisms, such as cellular senescence, persistent cell cycle arrest, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study evaluated the efficacy of curcumin nanoparticles (CNPs) in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence induced by γ radiation in rat brain tissues. Four groups of male Wistar albino rats (n = 8 per group) were included: (Gr1) the control group; (Gr2) the CNPs group (healthy rats receiving oral administration of curcumin nanoparticles at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, three times per week for eight weeks); (Gr3) the irradiated group (rats exposed to a single dose of 10 Gy head γ irradiation); and (Gr4) the irradiated + CNPs group (irradiated rats treated with CNPs). The data obtained demonstrated that oral administration of CNPs for eight weeks attenuated oxidative stress in γ-irradiated rats by lowering the brain’s lipid peroxidation level [malondialdehyde (MDA)] and enhancing antioxidant markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] (P < 0.05). In addition, CNPs significantly increased mitochondrial function by improving complex I, complex II, and ATP production levels compared to the irradiated group. In irradiated rats, CNPs also showed anti-neuroinflammatory effects by reducing brain interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB) levels (P < 0.05). Moreover, CNPs administered to irradiated rats significantly reduced brain β-galactosidase activity and the expression levels of p53, p21, and p16 genes (P < 0.05) while concurrently inducing a significant increase in AMPK mRNA expression compared to the irradiated group. In conclusion, CNPs ameliorated the neurotoxicity of γ radiation and hold promise as a novel agent to delay cellular senescence via their combined antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial-enhancing properties.
Evaluating waist-to-hip ratio in youth using frequency-modulated continuous wave radar and machine learning
Using the optimal seed germination temperature approach to determine the potential distribution of Inga jinicuil in Mexico under climate change scenarios
Comparing two corrective exercise approaches for body image and upper-quadrant posture in schoolgirls with hyperkyphosis
Ability of pulse oximetry-derived indices to predict hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Cesarean deliveries are often performed under spinal anesthesia because of the reduced risk of complications compared with that of general anesthesia. However, hypotension frequently occurs and adversely affects both the mother and fetus. Indices, such as the perfusion index (PI) and pleth variability index (PVI), which are derived from pulse oximetry have been used in numerous studies to predict hypotension after spinal anesthesia. However, their predictive abilities remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the ability of PI and PVI, measured before the initiation of spinal anesthesia, to predict hypotension after spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean deliveries. To this end, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ClinicalTrials.gov, European Union Clinical Trials Register, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry databases from inception until June 15, 2023. We included retrospective and prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials that assessed the ability of PI and PVI, measured before the initiation of spinal anesthesia, to predict hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery. We did not restrict our search to specific languages. Of the 19 studies, involving 1437 patients, 17 assessed the PI in 1,311 patients, and 5 assessed the PVI in 344 patients. The summary sensitivity and specificity of the PI were 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.80) and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.48–0.77), respectively, while those of the PVI were 0.63 (95%CI: 0.47–0.76) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.64–0.84), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was approximately 0.75 for both indexes. Baseline PI and PVI have a moderate predictive ability for hypotension after spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean delivery.
Short-term effects of empagliflozin on preventing contrast induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, a randomised trial
The effect of sexual health literacy on sexual function mediated by sexual satisfaction and sexual self-efficacy: Structural equation modeling approach
Existing literature suggests that sexual health literacy may influence sexual function by enhancing sexual satisfaction and other dimensions of sexual health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sexual health literacy on sexual function, mediated by sexual satisfaction and sexual self-efficacy, among Iranian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM) with 431 eligible women of childbearing age recruited from health centers in Asadabad city, Hamadan, Iran, from 2023 to 2024 through convenience sampling method. Data were collected using several tools: demographic and obstetric information form, sexual health literacy for adults (SHELA) questionnaire, female sexual function index (FSFI), sexual self-efficacy questionnaire (SSE), and the inventory of sexual satisfaction (ISS). Structural equation modeling was performed using IBM SPSS AMOS version 23. The mean ± SD age of the participants was 31.92 ± 7.24 years. The direct effects of sexual health literacy, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual satisfaction on sexual function were significant (P < 0.001). The indirect effect of sexual health literacy on sexual function, mediated by sexual satisfaction, was also significant (P < 0.001). Overall, the total effect (direct and indirect) of sexual health literacy on sexual function was deemed appropriate, and the proposed conceptual model demonstrated a good fit with the data (χ2/df = 3.35; CFI = 0.966; IFI = 0.967; GFI = 0.951; AGFI = 0.904; RMSEA = 0.070). Based on these findings, sexual health literacy has both direct and indirect effects (mediated by sexual satisfaction) on sexual function. These results may guide professionals in the field of marital relationships to recognize the importance of sexual health literacy and to develop educational or counseling interventions aimed at improving sexual health literacy, ultimately enhancing sexual function.