Browse Articles

Design and analysis of a 60 GHz high gain wideband magneto electric dipole antenna array based on trapped printed gap waveguide technology

Abstract This paper introduces an innovative design and analysis of a magneto-electric dipole antenna exhibiting high-gain, ultra-wideband operation, and stable radiation characteristics in the 60-GHz mm-wave band. Furthermore, the trapped printed gap waveguide (TPGW) technology is presented as a low-cost, minimal-loss, and low-dispersion guiding structure to feed the proposed antenna. The antenna covers a relative matching bandwidth of over 33.33% from 50 to 70 GHz with a maximum gain up to 8 dBi. In addition, the antenna is integrated with a perforated dielectric substrate layer lens on the antenna’s broadside location, enhancing the gain by an average of 3 dB along its entire operational bandwidth. Moreover, an efficient approach for designing a large ME dipole antenna array and its corporate feeding network is presented. Both ME-dipole sub-arrays and the out-of-phase power divider with WR-15 standard interface are designed and studied separately, where a systematic design procedure is presented to obtain initial design parameters. A 2 × 2 planar antenna array is designed and implemented, featuring proper integration between the radiating elements and a differentially fed wide-bandwidth TPGW power divider. Then, the operation of the individual components has been assessed using simulation and measurements. Furthermore, an in-depth mathematical analysis is presented to investigate the potential resonance conditions arising from disparities in complementary components. Consequently, a proposed solution is provided to break the resonance loop and shield the two opposing sub-arrays. The 2 × 2 array of ME-dipoles has overall dimensions of 1.6 $$\lambda _0$$ $$\times$$ 1.4 $$\lambda _0$$ and demonstrates an impedance bandwidth ( $$|S_{11}| <$$ – 10 dB) exceeding 33.33 $$\%$$ at 60 GHz, with a peak gain of over 18 dBi.

Glucosamine activates intestinal P-glycoprotein inhibiting drug absorption

Quantifying the stability of food supply and assessing the impact of milk quota removal in Walloon specialized dairy systems

Comprehensive machine learning analysis of PANoptosis signatures in multiple myeloma identifies prognostic and immunotherapy biomarkers

Dominant cixiid vector and transmission of ‘Candidatus Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’-related strain 16SrXII-P in sugar beet in Austria

Abstract The presence of fastidious phytopathogenic bacteria ‘Candidatus Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ challenges sugar beet cultivation in Austria. Reptalus artemisiae (Becker, 1865) (referred before as Reptalus quinquecostatus sensu Holzinger et al. 2003) is the principal vector of ‘Ca. P. solani’ to sugar beet in Serbia, while Pentastiridius leporinus is the primary vector of ‘Ca. A. phytopathogenicus’ in western Europe and can also transmit ‘Ca. P. solani’. This study investigates the epidemiology of the associated diseases in Austrian sugar beet fields. An extensive survey in 2024 at 33 locations revealed significant spatial and temporal variability in cixiid populations, with R. artemisiae emerging as the predominant species. Transmission trials and field surveys confirmed R. artemisiae as a vector of ‘Ca. A. phytopathogenicus’ and ‘Ca. P. solani’ 16SrXII-P driving a disease outbreak in Nikitsch. The predominance of R. artemisiae in nearly all monitored fields suggests its significant role in the pathogens’ epidemiology on a broader scale in the Pannonian plain. Spatial and temporal variations in pathogen incidence in Austrian sugar beet mirror patterns in Serbia, driven by R. artemisiae. The co-occurrence of ‘Ca. A. phytopathogenicus’ and ‘Ca. P. solani’ 16SrXII-A and 16SrXII-P and their transmission by two vectors complicate disease management efforts.

Practical and ready-to-use methodology to assess the re-identification risk in anonymized datasets

Design of maglev train driven by reconnection electromagnetic launcher

SPA-PNN ligand for the kinetic resolution of carbocyclic and heterocyclic spiranes by asymmetric hydrogenation

Combined application of calcium fertilizer improves the immobilization of biochar-ferromanganese materials on cd/as co-polluted paddy soils under acidifying conditions

Enhancing gas concentration prediction and ventilation efficiency in deep coal mines: a hybrid DL-Koopman and Fuzzy-PID framework

The impact of gamma and electron beam irradiation sterilization technology on the pigments and phenolic components of saffron

Environmental impact assessment of leachate from mining tailings using electrical resistivity imaging

Abstract The environmental difficulties from mining tailings arise mainly from legacy dump sites because these residues spread pollution through surrounding areas. Effective environmental management requires a comprehensive pre-assessment. An ERI, electrical resistivity imaging, system serves as the analytical tool to create models for leachate assessment prior to its measurement in abandoned mining tailing storage sites. A total of 16 2D ERI profiles produced both 2D and 3D models that monitored the El Mochito mine waste site in Honduras. Different geoelectric zones were identified in the electrical resistivity models of this site with high resistivity values ranging between 60 and 100 Ω m in the surface layer while the middle layer exhibited moderate resistivity between 30 and 60 Ω m and the lowest resistivity of 1–30 Ω m was observed in the active leaching zone that contained conductive materials and mineral-rich leachate. The 3D hydrogeological models provided clear visibility of leachate areas and flow paths. The leachate migration showed uniform movement towards the northern direction until it reached the southern region where concentrations decreased. Another level of spatial understanding and depth information on resistivity distribution was obtained from 3D ERI models. The complete assessment objectives of the research form the basis for future investigations while demonstrating the importance of integrating geochemical measurements. The study emphasizes the need for ERI to examine complicated mining tailings yet requests deeper scientific investigation to create effective environmental management techniques and remediation practices.

Association between vertebrobasilar artery calcification and artery-to-artery embolism in the posterior circulation

Amphiphilic nanowire-assisted monomer shuttling enables ultra-selective reverse osmosis membranes for water purification

An analysis of compensation for radial thermal errors of a turning center with a three axis feed system

Abstract Under normal cutting conditions, the cutting tool tip passes through the spindle axis when it moves along X axis during the whole turning session, however, which is difficult to realize for the turning centers with the conventional two feed axes due to the spindle axis movement caused by the thermal deformation of machine tool structures. Addressing this problem, a novel three-axis feed system is proposed in this paper. The effect of the thermal movement of the spindle axis on the radial thermal error is analyzed. The linear and angular components of radial thermal error are derived from the proposed three-axis feed system. The whole compensation process is demonstrated using a turning center equipped with this feed system, and the needed data is mainly from simulation. The effects of the parameter l of this feed system on the two radial thermal error components are analyzed. Furthermore, the three-axis feed system can also be used as a two-axis feed system by locking the revolving feed axis, which can make the cutting tool tip pass through the spindle axis easier than the conventional two-axis feed systems, and therefore it is helpful in both facilitating the adjusting or assembling process of the turning center and reducing radial thermal errors of machined parts.

Hypoxia preconditioned plasma increases the expression of growth factors to accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in obstructive sleep apnea

Protein-bound uremic toxin clearance as biomarker of kidney tubular function in diabetic kidney disease

The importance of clays in speleothem magnetic remanence acquisition

Opioid Receptors Modulate Inhibition within the Prefrontal Cortex through Dissociable Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

Aberrant signaling within cortical inhibitory microcircuits has been identified as a common signature of neuropsychiatric disorders. Interneuron (IN) activity is precisely regulated by neuromodulatory systems that evoke widespread changes in synaptic transmission and principal cell output. Cortical interneurons express high levels of opioid receptors, positioning opioid signaling as a critical regulator of inhibitory transmission; however, we lack a complete understanding of how classical opioid receptor systems regulate prefrontal cortex (PFC) microcircuitry. Here, we combine whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, optogenetics, and viral tools to provide an extensive characterization of how the Mu opioid receptor (MOR), Delta opioid receptor (DOR), and Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) regulate inhibitory transmission in male and female mice. We show that across these receptor systems, DOR activation is more effective at suppressing spontaneous inhibitory transmission in layer 2/3 of the prelimbic PFC, while MOR causes a greater acute suppression of electrically evoked GABA release, and KOR plays a minor role in inhibitory transmission. Cell type-specific optogenetics revealed that MOR and DOR differentially regulate inhibitory transmission from parvalbumin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing INs. Finally, we demonstrate that DOR regulates inhibitory transmission through simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic modifications to IN physiology, whereas MOR function varies between somato-dendritic or presynaptic signaling depending on cell type.