Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Punchlines for peace
Investigation of multimorbidity patterns and association rules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using association rules mining algorithm
Shifting community assembly mechanisms in soil eukaryotes over successional time and their implications for restoration
How a bipolar diagnosis benefits my research
Machine learning to evaluate the effects of non-clinical social determinant features in predicting colorectal Cancer mortality in a medically underserved Appalachian population
Ginger-derived carbon quantum dots as sustainable inhibitor of steel corrosion and barite precipitation
Abstract A one-step pyrolysis was used to synthesize ginger carbon quantum dots (G-CDs), which were described using XPS, FTIR, XRD, EDX, and TEM to validate the different integrated functions, particle dimension, morphology, component composition, amorphous construction, and bonding types. The dual action of the synthesized G-CDs as corrosion and scale inhibitors was examined. Scale inhibition characteristics of G-CDs for precipitation of BaSO4 were investigated using the conductivity technique. Results indicated that G-CDs have an effective inhibition of 84.9% at 200 mg/L. Application of Langmuir and Flory–Huygens isotherms along with the Kinetic-thermodynamic model on the experimental findings demonstrated the suitability and applicability of all of them, yielding a (∆G°ads) precipitation ≃ − 26.7 kJ/mole, suggesting that G-CD adsorption on the scale particle surface is cooperative, involving both chemical and physical interactions, with the physical aspect being the dominant mechanism. SEM and XRD studies indicated that the scale particles (BaSO4) were deformed when precipitated in the presence of G-CDs due to their adsorption on the particles’ surfaces. On the other hand, the inhibition characteristics for the steel corrosion in NaCl solution (0.5 M) were examined using EIS and mass loss method techniques that revealed that G-CDs act as high-efficiency eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor giving 98.3% at 400 mg/L. However, the PDP results indicated that the G-CDs act as mixed-type inhibitor. Application of the adsorption isotherms on the experimental corrosion inhibition data revealed that the three models are applicable, giving (∆G°ads) corrosion values equal to − 28.2 kJ/mole, which means that the adsorption process of the G-CQDs is cooperative (physical/chemical). XPS, XRD, EDX and TEM analysis of the steel’s surface upon submersion in a NaCl solution (0.5 M) + 400 mg/L G-CDs solution for 1 h revealed that the corrosion products completely disappeared, the carbon dots were closely attached to the surface of the steel, and the Cl⁻ ions were displaced from the steel surface, which confirms that the G-CDs function as a superior ecologically friendly inhibitor for mitigating the steel corrosion. A mechanism of the inhibition of corrosion of steel in a NaCl solution (0.5 M) by G-CDs was reported, which suggests that in the absence of G-CDs in chloride media, the specific adsorption of the chloride ions on the steel surface and catalyse the charge transfer cathodic and anodic corrosion reactions. However, in the presence of G-CDs in the environment, the strong active absorbable carbon dots surface particles displace the Cl− ions from the steel surface, mitigating the catalytic effect causing inhibition of the corrosion process.
Divergent attitudes toward ambiguous and conflicting information
The impact of vaccine booster doses on specific B- and T-lymphocyte dynamics in Thai healthcare personnel following COVID-19 vaccination
Studies on glucose detection using graphene quantum dots prepared by hydrothermal method
Giant study finds a research field that’s mostly reproducible
The impact and moderating mechanisms of digital inclusive finance on public services in Chinese counties
Immune cell diversity and regenerative markers reveal interactions among macrophages, rodlet cells, and stem cells in the kidney of Poecilia sphenops
Abstract The kidneys of molly fish (Poecilia sphenops) exhibit complex immune and cellular activities, which are crucial for maintaining renal function and responding to environmental stressors. This study aimed to investigate the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of immune cells, autophagy, and stem cell activity within the renal tissues of molly fish. Histological analysis revealed the presence of immune cells, including macrophages and granular leukocytes, concentrated around the renal corpuscles (RC) and renal tubules (RT). Additionally, numerous lymphocytes were observed surrounding the RC, and a notable presence of rodlet cells with a thick capsule and rodlet-like inclusions was detected around the RT. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed macrophage activity through CD68 and Iba1 expression, while APG5, an autophagy marker, was observed in macrophages, rodlet cells, and podocytes, indicating active autophagic processes. Polymorphic granulocytes expressed iNOS-2. Inflammatory markers IL-1β and NF-κB were highly expressed in rodlet cells and macrophages, respectively, suggesting their role in immune modulation. The expression of S100 protein in rodlet cells and acetylcholine in macrophages further highlights their specialized functions in immune regulation. Additionally, renal stem cells were identified by expressing Nrf2 and Sox9, indicating a potential role in tissue repair and regeneration. These findings provide critical insights into the kidney’s dual function in immunity and regeneration, contributing to a better understanding of fish renal physiology and potential applications in environmental monitoring and aquaculture health management.
A controlled study of short term tea forest environmental health activities to improve the physical and mental health of middle and older adults
Plant immune receptor engineered to protect against more than 100 viruses
Vascular function after acute aerobic exercise in adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
A non-linear association between AST/ALT ratio and 28-day mortality in critically ill elderly: evidence from a multicenter study
Abstract With the global aging population, the proportion of elderly patients in ICU continues to rise. The ratio of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) has been linked to unfavorable outcomes in several diseases, but its value in critically ill elderly patients remains unclear. Based on the eICU Collaborative Research Database, this study included 22,361 critically ill elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years. The connection between the AST/ALT ratio and 28-day all-cause mortality was assessed using multivariate Cox regression analysis, and generalized additive models were employed to investigate non-linear relationships. A mediation analysis was undertaken to investigate the mediating impact of white blood cell count (WBC). Following a comprehensive adjustment for confounding factors, the AST/ALT ratio showed a non-linear association with 28-day mortality, with an inflection point of 2.161. When the ratio was < 2.161, Every additional unit was linked to a 43.9% greater risk of mortality (HR 1.439, P < 0.0001); when the ratio was > 2.161, this association was not statistically significant. According to Kaplan–Meier analysis, a significantly lower survival probability was observed in patients with higher AST/ALT ratios. Mediation analysis revealed that WBC partially mediated the link between AST/ALT ratio and mortality, accounting for 4.17% of the total effect. In critically ill elderly patients, the AST/ALT ratio is independently linked to 28-day all-cause mortality, demonstrating a non-linear relationship. WBC is an important mediator of this association.
Analysis of factors influencing tumor volume doubling time in hepatocellular carcinoma and its predictive value for progression-free survival
Image quality and radiation dose of reduced-dose abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) with silver filter and deep learning reconstruction
Territorial song frequency does not signal body size in a song-learning passerine
Abstract The negative relationship between song frequency and body size in birds is well-established across species. However, whether song frequency reliably signals body size and individual quality requires more detailed within-species comparisons, particularly in species with diverse song repertoires. We investigated this relationship in the Ortolan Bunting (Emberiza hortulana), a song-learning species with a limited repertoire. Males of this species produce songs composed of two phrases: an initial phrase, which varies across individuals and defines their repertoire, and a final phrase, which is shared across the population. We analysed multiple frequency parameters across both components, accounting for phrase-sharing patterns among males, to assess whether song frequency reflects body size, using tarsus length as a proxy. No significant associations were found between body size and any frequency measure. These findings contribute to the ongoing debate over whether sound frequency signals body size, and by extension, competitive ability, during territorial interactions. Our results highlight the importance of within-species approaches and underscore the need to consider vocal learning dynamics, such as song sharing patterns, when exploring this relationship in song-learning species.