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Opt1 imports CoA precursors as glutathione mixed disulfides
Anionic Coordination‐Regulated Metal‐Organic Cages for Efficient CO <sub>2</sub> Photoreduction
Abstract Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) provides a promising strategy for producing high‐value chemicals and fuels. However, developing high‐performance photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction remains a great challenge due to the poor stability of reaction intermediates. Herein, we present an anionic coordination strategy to facilitate the stabilization of intermediates by constructing halogen‐coordinated metal‐organic cages (MOCs) (Ni 8 L 12 X 4 , X = Cl, Br, I). Theoretical calculations show that the formation of *COOH intermediate is the rate‐limiting step and halogen coordination effectively regulates the energy barrier for this reaction. Notably, iodide anions significantly reduce the energy gap between the Ni d and iodide p orbitals, enhancing electron transfer from the Ni center to adsorbed CO 2 and promoting the production of *COOH. As a result, Ni 8 L 12 I 4 demonstrates superior performance with a CO production rate of 2680.23 µ mol g −1 h −1 and 95% selectivity, outperforming Cl‐ and Br‐coordinated Ni MOC by 200‐ and 5‐fold, respectively. This work opens a new coordination engineering strategy for fabricating efficient photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction.
Germination ecology and environmental influences on prickly golden fleece (Urospermum picroides) and implications for weed management
Abstract Knowledge of the germination ecology of weed species provides information about their potential aggressiveness and helps develop effective weed management strategies. Therefore, the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) and environmental factors (temperature, light, osmotic stress, salinity, cutting times, and seed burial depth) was evaluated on seed germination and seedling emergence of Urospermum picroides a winter annual weed. The results indicated that maximum seed germination was 94% and 83% when seeds were soaked for 12 and 24 h with 1000 and 800 ppm of GA3, respectively. Seed germination was not influenced by light conditions but was influenced by temperature. The highest germination percentages (95% and 93%) occurred at a constant temperature of 30 °C and an alternating temperature of 20/10°C, respectively. In response to light, the results showed that U. picroides is non-photoblastic and can germinate in darkness. Seed germination in response to different cutting times demonstrated that maximum germination was observed in brown achenes (81%), while minimum germination was obtained in white (0%) and yellow (4%) achene stages. Seed germination decreased from 92.5 to 12.5% as water potentials decreased from 0 to -0.4 MPa, and germination was completely inhibited at -0.5 MPa. The salt concentration required for a 50% reduction in maximum germination was estimated at 170 mM NaCl. Maximum seedling emergence occurred at an optimal burial depth of 1.18 cm. In conclusion, this study indicated that at lower soil depths, U. picroides is likely more fit than other species under conditions of low to moderate water and saline stress.
Large room temperature anomalous Hall effect in <i>c</i> axis oriented non-collinear antiferromagnetic Mn3Ga thin films with ferrimagnetic Mn3Ga inclusion
Non-collinear antiferromagnets Mn3X (X = Sn, Ge, Ga) have recently attracted a lot of attention due to their fascinating properties with great application prospects in spintronics. Mn3Ga possesses the highest Néel temperature among this family, providing huge potential for realistic spintronic device application. However, the small anomalous Hall conductivity of Mn3Ga makes it lack competitiveness. In this paper, c axis oriented Mn3Ga thin films with D019 hexagonal structure were prepared by optimizing the MgO(111) substrate temperature. Large anomalous Hall resistivity up to 1.53 μΩ cm at 300 K is observed for (0002) oriented Mn3Ga film grown at 450 °C, corresponding to a Hall conductivity of about 30 Ω−1 cm−1. Further analysis indicates that the skew-scattering mechanism, which is attributable to the presence of a small amount of the D022-Mn3Ga phase, is the main source for the large Hall conductivity observed here. These results raise the intriguing prospect of Mn3Ga films as a key component in antiferromagnetic spintronic devices.
Cysteine oxidation of a redox hub within complex I can facilitate electron transport chain supercomplex formation
A randomized controlled trial of the short-term effect of rosuvastatin on the corrected QT interval
Plasma-driven temporal collimation of sheet electron beam
Collimating high-current-density sheet electron beams using external magnetic fields presents significant challenges, particularly due to complications such as diocotron instability. To address these issues, we introduce a non-magnetic, plasma-assisted planar collimator in this Letter. In this study, a plasma-assisted planar collimator was developed, and its performance was analyzed by utilizing a pulsed electron beam source to propagate a transient sheet electron beam through it for 50 ns duration. A collimated beam of dimensions 7.1 mm × 0.75 mm was captured near the collimating region, exhibiting notable compression along the beam height compared to its width. This uneven compression highlights the need for a detailed understanding of particle dynamics within the collimator. However, experimental diagnostics using traditional probes inside a planar collimator are constrained due to spatial limitations. To overcome this, a 3D Particle-In-Cell simulation study was conducted using VSim Multiphysics to model the interaction of the electron beam with neutral gas, resulting in impact ionization within the collimator. The simulation results reveal the role of the temporal and spatial ionization profiles that drive beam compression and shaping. A good correlation of compression factor between experimental and simulated results was observed, with the simulated beam size measuring 6.75 mm × 0.65 mm. This work offers valuable insights into the design of collimators for high-current-density sheet electron beams, with applications in high-power, compact microwave and THz sources.
Regulator of G protein signaling 2 as a suppressor of sphingosine-1-phosphate 2– and 3–mediated signaling in colon cancer cells
Prediction model of heat transfer coefficient for high pressure water descaling based on water flux
Optical ranging with quantum advantage and anti-stealth
Quantum illumination (QI) is implemented by a joint measurement between the idler field and the signal field reflected from the low-reflectivity stationary target in a noisy environment. The joint measurement is possible only with prior knowledge of the target's location, which is unknown in many cases. The technique described in this article overcomes this limitation by using optical entanglement and quantum cross-correlated homodyne measurement. This technique offers the following additional advantages in comparison with QI implementation through joint measurement: (1) quantum storage and prior knowledge about the target's distance are not required, (2) it adds ranging capability, and (3) it adds anti-stealth mechanism to suppress the low-reflectivity of the target. As the detection is at optical frequencies, the environment is considered as a stray laser, which could be a decoy, a jamming field, a probe field from another ranging application, or a field used to mask the actual probe. Thus, the environment considered in this Letter is suitable for ranging applications like lidar.
Potent antioxidant and mitochondrial-protective effects of ATH434, a moderate affinity iron chaperone
Improving virtual try on clothes using image depth estimation
Pt-MoS2/graphite heterostructure with asymmetric Schottky barriers for high-performance diodes and transistors
Two-dimensional (2D) material-based devices hold significant promise for next-generation electronics, yet their performance is often compromised by interfacial defects, material degradation, and electrode incompatibility. In this work, we report a transistor featuring a MoS2/graphite heterojunction with a platinum (Pt) bottom source and a mechanically transferred graphite top drain electrode. This architecture preserves the structural integrity of MoS2 while optimizing interfacial properties. The device, fabricated via pre-patterned Pt deposition and sequential dry transfer of MoS2 and graphite, exhibits exceptional performance metrics: a rectification ratio exceeding 106, an ideality factor of ∼1.47, and a switching ratio of about 6 × 106 at room temperature. Energy band analysis reveals that rectification originates from asymmetric Schottky barriers at the MoS2/electrode interfaces, where negative drain–source bias enables carrier conduction, while positive bias blocks current via channel depletion. We demonstrate that Pt electrodes outperform Ag counterparts due to strategically engineered potential barriers that suppress electron leakage. Dynamic rectification measurements confirm reliability under switching cycles, enabling dual-mode functionality as a reconfigurable AND logic gate and an optoelectronic ternary-state output unit. This work establishes a scalable framework for high-frequency, energy-efficient nanoelectronics, effectively bridging the gap between the theoretical promise of 2D materials and their multifunctional practical applications.
Modeling Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis in lung epithelial organoids reveals strain-specific host responses and intercellular crosstalk
Mathematical Double‐Matrix Switchable Homochiral Ferroelectric
Abstract Homochiral ferroelectrics have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their distinctive chiroptical effects in contrast to ordinary ferroelectrics. Moreover, they provide a great opportunity to show mathematically switchable matrix elements between nonzero and zero values in both second‐order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ (2) and piezoelectric d matrices to realize the dual on/off switching of second‐harmonic generation circular dichroism (SHG‐CD) and piezoelectric responses, which, however, has never been reported. Herein, for the first time, we reported homochiral metal halide ferroelectrics ( R ‐/ S ‐BTA) 2 CdBr 4 (BTA = 3‐bromo‐2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium), which exhibits a 432 F 2 ferroelectric phase transition at 362 K, accompanied by the switchable matrix elements between nonzero (for point group 2) and zero (for point group 432) values in both χ (2) and d matrices. They show strong SHG‐CD effects with an anisotropy factor up to 1.28, far exceeding that of other chiral ferroelectrics. Notably, the 432 F 2 phase transition enables ( R ‐/ S ‐BTA) 2 CdBr 4 to show the unprecedented dual on/off switching of SHG‐CD and piezoelectric response between the SHG‐CD/piezoelectric active state in the ferroelectric phase and SHG‐CD/piezoelectric inactive state in the paraelectric phase. Our findings shed light on the exploration of mathematical double‐matrix switchable chiral ferroelectrics with SHG‐CD and piezoelectric response switching.
Monitoring the effect of alcohol intake via facial temperature variations using thermography synchronized with heartbeat
Abstract Accurate assessment of alcohol-induced physiological effects is critical for preventing overconsumption and ensuring safe activities such as driving. While breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) measurement is widely used due to its simplicity, it can be confounded by mouth alcohol effects and provides only momentary data. Building on our previously developed Synchro-thermography technique, which synchronizes infrared thermal imaging with heart rate variability to detect vascular-related skin temperature fluctuations, we applied it to monitor physiological changes induced by alcohol. In an alcohol intervention experiment, we observed that under non-drinking conditions, facial temperature fluctuations strongly synchronized with heartbeats. In contrast, following alcohol consumption, this synchrony markedly weakened within 10–30 minutes, regardless of the presence or absence of flushing responses. These results suggest that dynamic monitoring of temperature-heart rate synchrony offers a sensitive, non-contact indicator of early alcohol effects. Although preliminary, our findings highlight the potential of Synchro-thermography as a practical tool for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of alcohol-induced physiological changes.