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Chiral Tin‐Oxo Cluster Matrices with Fluorophore Embedment for Multichromatic Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Abstract Tin‐oxo clusters, characterized by their well‐defined chemical compositions and architectures, are multi‐metal aggregates composed of Sn‐oxide cores and surface ligands. Chirality, a fundamental characteristic governing biological recognition and signal transduction, remains underexplored in stannate clusters compared to extensively studied precious metal clusters. Herein, three enantiomeric pairs of chiral tin‐oxo clusters were constructed using axially chiral 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol (BINOL) ligands. Structural analyses revealed supramolecular helical assemblies mediated by directional C─H···π interactions, while circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy confirmed their intrinsic chirality. Through in situ doping engineering, non‐chiral fluorophores with distinct emission profiles were incorporated during chiral cluster crystallization, yielding composite materials exhibiting circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). The optimized system achieved a maximum dissymmetry factor ( g lum ) of 1.5 × 10 −2 . Mechanistic studies established that the spiral packing of the tin‐oxo clusters facilitates stereochemical information transfer to the dyes via the spatial confinement effect. This supramolecular chirality induction paradigm offers new insights into the rational design of multifunctional optical materials.
A graph neural network recommendation algorithm based on multi-scale attention and contrastive learning
Free-carrier screening unlocks high electron mobility in ultrawide bandgap semiconductor CaSnO3
Alkaline earth stannates have emerged as promising transparent conducting oxides due to their wide bandgaps and high room-temperature electron mobilities. Among them, CaSnO3 possesses the widest bandgap, yet reported mobilities vary widely and are highly sample-dependent, leaving its intrinsic limit unclear. Here, we present ab initio calculations of electron mobility in CaSnO3 across a range of temperatures and doping levels, using state-of-the-art methods that explicitly account for free-carrier screening in electron-phonon interactions. We identify the dominant limiting mechanism to be the long-range longitudinal optical phonon scattering, which is significantly suppressed at high doping due to free-carrier screening, leading to enhanced phonon-limited mobility. While ionized impurity scattering emerges as a competing mechanism at carrier concentrations up to ∼ 1020 cm−3, the phonon scattering reduction dominates, yielding a net mobility increase with predicted room-temperature values reaching about twice the highest experimental report. Our work highlights the substantial untapped conductivity in CaSnO3, establishing it as a compelling ultrawide bandgap semiconductor for transparent and high-power electronic applications.
The U1 snRNP-specific protein U1C is a key regulator of SMN complex–mediated snRNP formation
Enhancing cadmium stress tolerance in mungbean through foliar application of selenium nanoparticles by modulating photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative mechanisms
Multi-model-driven prediction of magnetic phase transitions and magnetocaloric effects in NiMnFeCoBP high-entropy amorphous alloys
Accurate prediction of magnetic phase-transitions is essential for the applicability of the magnetocaloric effect. Despite the demonstrable efficacy of machine learning in addressing such issues, existing strategies remain constrained to specific material categories, exhibiting limited generalizability across diverse systems. Herein, we propose a multi-model ensemble framework that overcomes the limitations of the conventional single-model paradigm in NiMnFeCoBP high-entropy-amorphous-alloys. The integration of complementary methodologies has yielded a 9%–13% increase in prediction accuracy when utilizing an ensemble model compared with single models. This adaptive strategy effectively resolves the accuracy-generality trade-off dilemma in materials informatics by leveraging the collective strengths of multiple predictive models.
ADP-ribose is a competitive inhibitor of methanol dehydrogenases from Bacillus methanolicus
An intelligent fault detection (IFD) system for lithium-ion battery using machine learning approach
Alleviation of self-heating degradation in polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors via voltage pulse modulation
This work presents a voltage pulse modulation strategy to effectively mitigate self-heating degradation in polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors. By applying synchronized voltage stress (SVS) with optimized pulse parameters, the proposed method significantly suppresses channel temperature buildup and reduces device degradation. A predictive thermal model, rigorously validated through coupled simulations and experimental measurements, enables precise control of temperature dynamics under diverse operating conditions. Experimental demonstrations using light-emitting diode-integrated driver circuits reveal substantially improved operational stability under SVS, in sharp contrast to the rapid performance degradation observed with continuous stress. This purely electrical approach requires no structural modifications and offers a practical and cost-effective solution to enhance the reliability of advanced display technologies.
A dynamic structural framework for the allosteric regulation of Hsp70 chaperones
A Homobimetallic Frustrated Lewis Pair Cobalt Catalyst for the Methanolysis of Hydrosilanes
Abstract The bimetallic Co(I)/Co(–I) complex [Co(CO) 2 (κ 3 ‐ P , N , P ‐PN H P)][Co(CO) 4 ] ( 1 ) has shown excellent activities in the methanolysis of hydrosilanes, surpassing the related bimetallic Co(I)/Co(–I) complex [Co(CO)(PMe 2 Ph)(κ 3 ‐ P , N , P ‐PN H P)][Co(CO) 4 ] ( 2 ), the Co(II) complex [Co(Cl) 2 (κ 3 ‐ P , N , P ‐PN H P)] ( 3 ), and the Co(I) complex [Co(CO) 2 (κ 3 ‐ P , N , P ‐PN H P)]Cl ( 4 ). A comprehensive DFT study of the plausible reaction mechanisms indicates that the enhanced activity of 1 can be attributed to the presence of the [Co(CO) 4 ] – anion, which enables a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) mechanism that provides a low energy pathway for the heterolytic splitting of the Si─H bond. The reaction mechanism entails the coordination of the hydrosilane to the Co(I) center upon decoordination of the amine functionality of the PN H P ligand, followed by heterolytic splitting of the Si─H bond with the participation of the Co(I) and Co(–I) centers. Then, the PhSiH 2 group at the Co(–I) center is transferred to the oxygen atom of a methanol molecule, which affords the [H 2 SiPh(HOMe)] + cation, regenerating the [Co(CO) 4 ] – species. [H 2 SiPh(HOMe)] + protonates the hydride at the Co(I) center, leading to the formation of H 2 and the corresponding silyl ether. Alternative reaction pathways, including alternative ionic mechanisms or NH‐assisted bifunctional mechanisms, result in higher activation energies.
Association of CD14 rs2569190 and rs2569191 polymorphisms with tuberculosis susceptibility in the Kurdish population of Iran
Atomic-scale insights into ion migration-induced phase transition in halide perovskites
Phase transitions in halide perovskites significantly influence their stability and optoelectronic properties. Revealing the dynamics of octahedral distortion and ion migration during these transitions is vital to understanding their exceptional characteristics. This study reveals the atomic-scale dynamics of phase transitions induced by ion migration in mixed halide perovskites CsPbBrCl2 using an integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscope. Unlike pure perovskites, the orthorhombic-to-cubic transition in mixed halide perovskites involves octahedral distortions and halogen migration. This ion migration facilitates a uniform halogen distribution within the structure, correcting the initially uneven arrangement. The dynamics of octahedral distortions are also examined, with accurate changes in Pb-X bond lengths and distortion angles identified throughout the transition. This cubic phase helps suppress ion migration, as supported by first-principles calculations. These in situ observations enhance the fundamental understanding of octahedral distortions and ion migration in halide perovskites, providing valuable insights for the design of stable perovskite materials.
Molecular determinants of picornavirus 3C protease binding to phosphoinositide-enriched lipid membranes
Assessment of habitat fragmentation for grey wolf and Persian leopard in some Iranian desert landscapes
Broadband, stable supercontinuum generation in diamond from 350 to 1400 nm
We experimentally demonstrate supercontinuum (SC) generation in diamond. Using diamond as the nonlinear medium pumped by an 800 nm femtosecond laser, we generate a broadband SC spanning 350–1400 nm, with an output pulse energy of approximately 22.2 µJ (excluding residual pump). We also investigate the laser-induced damage characteristics of diamond and the system's operational stability. Owing to diamond's high laser-induced damage threshold and exceptional thermal stability, the SC exhibits significant potential for long-term stable operation at high pump energies. Furthermore, simulations effectively corroborate experimental observations, indicating that longer crystals and smaller pump numerical apertures facilitate broader SC generation. These results establish diamond as a promising nonlinear medium for SC generation, offering superior characteristics including an ultra-broadband spectrum (covering the entire visible range), excellent spectral reproducibility, and high-energy output.
Distinct domains of LINGO1 control surface expression and biophysical properties of large conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels
Genome mining of Streptomyces bambergiensis AC-800 unravels the biosynthetic gene cluster for inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylase fibrostatins
Abstract Streptomyces bambergiensis AC-800 is known as a producer of moenomycin family antibiotics active against gram-positive bacteria. Complete genome sequencing of S. bambergiensis revealed 3 replicons represented by the linear chromosome (7,652,101 bp) and two linear plasmids, pSB1 (418,507 bp) and pSB2 (81,486 bp). Analysis of the chromosome for the presence of secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) revealed 25 BGCs, while other 4 were located on the linear plasmid pSB1. The bioinformatics-based analysis of the moenomycin BGC provided new insights into its biosynthesis. The largest reported polyketide synthase gene cluster spanning over 190 kb was identified on the pSB1 plasmid, with its putative product likely to be represented by a 67-membered glycosylated macrolide related to stambomycins. Co-cultivation of S. bambergiensis AC-800 with a strain of Rhodococcus isolated from a fresh-water bryozoan induced production of a red pigment tentatively identified as fibrostatin. CRISPR-BEST-assisted inactivation of the only PKSIII-encoding gene abolished the production of fibrostatin, allowing the identification of the previously unreported fibrostatin BGC. Subsequent secondary metabolomics of S. bambergiensis cultivated in different media revealed production of both known and presumably novel compounds. This study sets a stage for further investigation of this strain by means of genome mining that may result in the discovery of novel bioactive natural products.
Interfacial energy-level engineering with bilayer hole transport layers for suppressing phase separation in mixed-halide perovskites
Mixed-halide perovskites suffer from light-induced ion migration, causing phase separation and reduced stability. Current strategies, such as compositional engineering or additive passivation, partially mitigate these issues but often overlook critical factors like carrier extraction efficiency and interfacial energy-level alignment. Here, we introduce a PEDOT:PSS/NiOx bilayer hole transport layer (HTL) that optimizes energy-level alignment, achieving a threefold enhanced hole extraction rate (kH = 1.17 × 108 s−1). Comprehensive microscopic analyses reveal that the optimized bilayer HTL effectively reduces localized charge accumulation, kinetically suppressing ion migration and phase separation. Consequently, the perovskite film retains compositional homogeneity under prolonged illumination, substantially enhancing both photovoltaic performance and operational stability. This work provides valuable insights into interfacial energy-level engineering for mixed-halide perovskites and offers practical strategies for designing robust perovskite solar cells.