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Knowledge attitudes and practices regarding MRI safety among healthcare providers and patients/family members in China
Abstract Evidence regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to MRI safety among healthcare providers and the public in China remains limited. A web-based cross-sectional study. HCPs (including clinicians, nurses, MRI technologists, and medical students) completed the survey based on their experience in MRI-related environments, whereas PFs completed the survey as examinees/patients and accompanying family members/caregivers. Data were collected between March 1, 2024, and May 1, 2025. A total of 924 questionnaires were collected, of which 46 were excluded due to lack of informed consent, insufficient response time, age ineligibility, or data outliers, resulting in 878 valid questionnaires. HCPs demonstrated higher knowledge, attitude, and practice scores than PFs. Structural equation modeling showed that knowledge significantly influenced attitudes in both groups, while attitudes exerted a strong direct effect on practice. Both groups exhibited limited knowledge and moderate attitudes toward MRI safety. These findings suggest potential implications for future educational strategies aimed at improving MRI safety awareness and compliance.
Au <sub>42</sub> (PET) <sub>32</sub> Nanocluster Sensitizer Unlocks the Annihilator Potential of Rubrene, Enabling High‐Performance NIR‐to‐Visible Photon Upconversion
ABSTRACT Photon upconversion (UC) via triplet–triplet annihilation enables the conversion of near‐infrared (NIR) photons into visible light, offering opportunities for solar energy harvesting, photocatalysis, and biophotonics. However, progress has been limited by the lack of triplet sensitizers capable of fully exploiting rubrene, the representative annihilator/emitter for NIR‐to‐visible UC. Here, we report Au 42 (PET) 32 ( Au 42 ; PET = 2‐phenylethanethiolate), a highly anisotropic, needle‐shaped gold nanocluster that unlocks the annihilator potential of rubrene, enabling high‐performance NIR‐to‐visible UC. The Au 42 /rubrene pair achieves record‐setting UC quantum yields ( Φ UC , 50% maximum) of 16.5% (reabsorption‐corrected quantum yield Φ UCg of 21.4%) with a low threshold intensity ( I th ) of 0.14 W cm −2 under 808 nm excitation and 12.3% ( Φ UCg = 15.0%) under 936 nm excitation—over two orders of magnitude higher than previously reported values above 850 nm. Quantitative analysis revealed a high spin‐statistical factor ( f = 0.58) for rubrene, suggesting an attainable Φ UC maximum of ∼30% in rubrene‐based systems. The remarkable performances arise from the unique electronic structure of Au 42 , which combines strong NIR absorption with high visible transparency, minimizing losses of the S 1 annihilator and the UC photons. These findings establish Au 42 as a benchmark sensitizer and exemplify a design principle for realizing highly efficient, low‐threshold NIR‐to‐visible UC.
Comprehensive transcriptomic characterization of two melanoma cell lines with acquired dual resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors
Orientation Site‐Induced Antiferromagnetic Coupling Stabilizes Reconstructed Cathode From Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries
ABSTRACT Direct regeneration of spent layered ternary oxide cathodes offers a sustainable pathway for resource recovery and circular battery manufacturing. However, their long‐term stability is fundamentally constrained by intrinsic electronic interactions. In particular, the inherent π‐type hybridization between Ni 3 d orbitals and O 2 p orbitals facilitates detrimental Ni migration and rock‐salt phase formation, ultimately leading to rapid capacity degradation. Here, we leverage the preexisting Li vacancies in spent LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 (NCM) as orientation sites to induce localized lattice stress fields during regeneration. The resulting lattice perturbation modulates the spin configuration of bridging O anions, thereby triggering antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent Ni cations and O anions. Consequently, the Ni─O orbital hybridization transitions from weak π‐dominated to robust σ‐dominated interactions, as evidenced by enhanced covalent character of the Ni─O bonds. This reinforced bonding framework effectively suppresses Ni migration and defect propagation during repeated lithiation/delithiation cycles. As a result, the regenerated NCM cathode exhibits significantly improved durability, retaining ∼60% of its initial capacity after 750 cycles. These findings reveal a direct correlation between the local valence bond evolution and cycling reversibility of cathode materials, offering new design principles and mechanistic insights for stabilizing regenerated cathode materials.
Identification and bioinformatic functional analysis of novel and known polymorphisms in the myostatin gene of Ukrainian Carpathian Mountain sheep
Abstract Myostatin (MSTN) is a well-established negative regulator of muscle growth and development in mammals. Genetic variations within MSTN are linked to differences in sheep musculature, particularly the double-muscle phenotype. This study represents the first comprehensive polymorphism analysis within intron 1 of the MSTN in the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountain (UCM) sheep breed combining molecular and bioinformatic approaches. Sequencing data of samples from UCM sheep revealed eight previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (c.373+241T>C, c.373+243G>A, c.373+246T>C, c.373+249T>C, c.373+259G>T, c.373+323C>T, c.373+563G>A, c.373+607G>A) and one novel polymorphism (c.373+283T>C). Bioinformatic analysis evaluated potential functional effects of these intronic polymorphisms, including changes in pre-mRNA stability, proximity to transcription factor binding sites, and possible pre-miRNA formation, using in silico approaches, including molecular dynamics simulations of predicted pre-miRNA structures. Predictions identified c.373+607G>A and the novel c.373+283T>C polymorphisms as potential candidates for further functional investigation and association studies. This study demonstrates the value of combining molecular genetic and bioinformatic approaches for characterizing intronic polymorphisms and supporting a deeper understanding of functional genetic variation in livestock.
Solar‐Driven CO <sub>2</sub> and H <sub>2</sub> O Conversion Over a High‐Density Nickel Single‐Site Catalyst With Unprecedented CO Evolution Rate
ABSTRACT Achieving carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction with water (H 2 O) on photothermal catalysts remains a major challenge. Here, we report a high‐density Ni single‐site catalyst based on a porous aromatic framework (PAF), which enables efficient CO 2 reduction in pure H 2 O under full‐spectrum illumination without the need for additives. Ni‐PAF achieves CO production rates of 25.64 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 under Xe light and 229.04 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 under concentrated sunlight, exceeding all reported results. Nitrogen‐rich groups anchor Ni single sites uniformly, serving as the active centers for the activation of CO 2 and H 2 O. Calculations and experiments show that UV–Vis light drives charge transfer, while IR absorption induces a localized temperature rise. Besides, the low thermal conductivity of PAF confines this heat, creating a thermal microenvironment that enhances charge migration and proton transfer, thereby accelerating CO 2 conversion. These synergistic effects make Ni‐PAF a highly promising catalyst for solar‐driven CO 2 reduction in H 2 O and offer new opportunities for designing efficient photothermal catalysts toward solar fuel production.
CR-MSNet: a dual-branch multi-scale attention network for multi-label chest X-ray classification
Inside Back Cover: Interfacial Electronic Nanoarchitectonics for Sustainable Zn─I <sub>2</sub> Batteries (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2026)
Reducing Interface Energy Loss of Perovskite Solar Cells by Molecular Engineering of Hole‐Transporting Materials
ABSTRACT Numerous novel hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) have been reported in the literature, which play a vital role in enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the PSCs using these HTMs continue to suffer from exciton recombination induced by energy level misalignment and defect states. Herein, an ingenious molecular design for HTMs ( WD03 with triphenylethylene and WD04 with trithienylethylene) is reported to modulate their energy levels and passivation effectively. The optimal band alignment between WD03 and perovskite is crucial for enhancing the open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ), which minimizes the interface carrier recombination. The theoretical analysis reveals that replacing thiophene with benzene enhances the passivation ability of HTM, resulting in a more substantial passivation effect on the Pb‐cluster defect of perovskite. These factors contribute to a high V oc (1.194 V) of WD03 ‐based cell, ranking among the highest values for n–i–p PSCs with a normal bandgap perovskite absorber. Moreover, the propeller‐shaped WD03 strikes an excellent balance between charge transport and film quality. Owing to these advantages, the PSC based on dopant‐free WD03 with surface modification attains a remarkable efficiency of 23.66% and the PSC based on doped WD03 reaches an exceptional efficiency of 25.79%. Following the substitution of trithienylethylene with triphenylethylene, the WD03 ‐based cell exhibits enhanced stability compared to the cell based on WD04 . This work emphasizes the significance of molecular engineering of HTMs in regulating energy level and passivation ability, which are crucial for achieving high V oc and stability in PSCs.
Spectrum resource sharing method for IoT based on graph matching algorithm
Recyclable, Highly Thermally Stable and Intrinsically Flame Retardant Bio‐Based Polybenzoxazine Vitrimers Enabled by Dual Dynamic Covalent Bonds
ABSTRACT Vitrimers represent an emerging class of polymeric materials that combine mechanical robustness and dimensional stability while still maintaining reprocessability and degradability. Despite considerable advances in studies of vitrimers, there remains a pressing demand for developing robust dynamic covalent chemistries that enable the vitrimers with high thermal stability and intrinsic flame retardancy. In this work, we design a dual dynamic covalent network in benzoxazines using bio‐based precursors derived from vanillin and sustainable diamines, in which imine bonds and silyl ether bonds are strategically incorporated to break through the trade‐off between degradability and high performance. Notably, the newly obtained polybenzoxazine vitrimers exhibit outstanding thermal stability (with a 10% weight loss temperature of 361.7°C and char yield of 61.4%), exceptional flame retardancy (V‐0 ranking), and undergo complete degradation within 6 h under alkaline conditions. This study broadens the range of sustainable vitrimers and establishes a new design paradigm for reconciling the traditionally competing properties of recyclability, thermal robustness, and fire safety in thermosetting materials.
Quantitative immunohistochemistry and the use of cellular calibrators for HER2 receptor number determination
Heterojunction Membranes With Enhanced Built‐in Electric Field for Sustainable Fluidic Electro‐Fenton Water Purification
ABSTRACT The sluggish interfacial electron transfer at the cathode significantly limits the efficiency of in situ H 2 O 2 electrosynthesis and the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox cycle in electro‐Fenton (EF). Herein, heterojunction FeOCl@rGO electrocatalytic membranes (EMs) with an enhanced built‐in electric field (BIEF) were rationally designed employing an interface engineering approach. The BIEF optimizes the adsorption configuration of O 2 /H 2 O 2 and the d‐band center of Fe sites by instigating local charge redistribution and establishing a directional potential gradient at the heterointerface, which significantly promotes the on‐site synthesis of H 2 O 2 and the continuous regeneration of Fe(II). The BIEF‐enhanced EMs exhibit excellent EF performance across a wide pH range and in various natural water matrices, enabling rapid degradation of diverse organic pollutants with extremely low energy consumption (0.395 kWh m −3 order −1 ). Under continuous filtration operation, the pollutant removal efficiency approaches 100% at a unit cost of 0.0035 USD/liter. This heterojunction‐regulated BIEF strategy provides an important tool for regulating interfacial charge dynamics and H 2 O 2 activation in EF, showcasing great potential in energy‐efficient water purification.
Polyhydroxybutyrate / carbonized waste rubber biocomposite films
Abstract The utilization of waste tires in combination with biodegradable polymers offers an innovative approach to sustainable material production. This strategy provides significant advantages in both environmental sustainability and functional performance. In this study, it was aimed to manufacture and characterize novel biocomposites based on the biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) reinforced with carbonized materials obtained by pyrolysis of waste rubbers. PHB biocomposite films containing 0.5%, 1% and 2% carbonized waste rubber (CWR) by weight were prepared by solvent casting method. The thermal properties of those new biocomposite films were examined with TGA and DSC techniques, and their structural and morphological properties were examined with IR microscopy and SEM techniques. Additionally, the electrical conductivity of biocomposites was determined. All the results obtained showed that CWR addition increased the ash yield of biocomposite films, and the highest electrical conductivity was achieved with 1% CWR addition. These findings suggest that incorporating carbonized waste rubber into PHB enhances the material’s thermal stability and electrical conductivity, making it a promising candidate for sustainable and high-performance biocomposite applications.
From Covalent Traps to Fluorescent Beacons: The Expanding Arsenal of Chemical Probes for Studying Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin‐Like Proteins
ABSTRACT Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin‐like proteins (Ubls) orchestrate diverse cellular processes through reversible post‐translational modification of target proteins. Their conjugation is governed by a cascade of E1 activating, E2 conjugating, and E3 ligating enzymes, while deconjugation is mediated by deubiquitinases (DUBs) and Ubl‐specific proteases. Profiling the catalytic activity of these enzymes is essential for understanding the dynamics and specificity of Ub/Ubl signaling. Activity‐based probes (ABPs) have emerged as powerful tools to covalently label active enzymes through electrophilic warheads that target catalytic residues. Unlike conventional affinity‐based approaches, ABPs capture functional states of enzymes in complex biological systems. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ABPs designed for the Ub/Ubl signal pathways, encompassing probes for Ub, SUMO, NEDD8, ISG15, FAT10, UFM1, URM1, Atg8‐family modifiers, and FUBI (MNSFβ). We discuss key elements of probe design, including recognition domains, electrophilic warheads (e.g., vinyl sulfones, vinyl methyl esters, propargylamine, azapeptide esters), and detection tags. Particular emphasis is placed on emerging azapeptide ester‐based probes, which structurally mimic native enzyme‐substrate intermediates and offer high selectivity and reactivity. ABPs targeting E1, E2, and HECT/RBR E3 ligases are also highlighted, expanding their utility beyond classical DUB profiling. We further compare warhead chemistries, enzyme selectivity, and labeling strategies, and examine structural insights derived from probe‐enzyme complexes. Collectively, these tools have transformed our ability to interrogate Ub/Ubl‐regulating enzymes in vitro and in cells. The review concludes with perspectives on next‐generation probe development, including cell‐permeable designs, spatiotemporal control, and applications in systems biology and drug discovery.
Blockchain-empowered unified services for streamlined traceability implementation in food supply chain: a demonstration in Australian seafood traceability
Lysine Targeting Group‐Transfer Chimeras for Proximity Induction
Abstract Nature employs post‐translational modifications (PTMs) to induce proximity between proteins by engendering new interactions. Furthermore, we find that protein ligands are invariably proximal to a lysine. Inspired by these two observations, we developed group‐transfer chimeras (GRCs) that append a moiety‐of‐interest to the lysine side chain. GRCs employ a protein's ligand and a handle with a transferase ‐type reactivity to modify the proximal lysine. Contemporary lysine‐targeting group‐transfer handles were incompatible with GRCs due to their hydrolytic instability, large size, high reactivity, and synthetic incompatibility with diverse ligands. Accordingly, we developed an N ‐( su lfonyl)‐ N ‐(tri f luoroethyl)‐ethan a mide (SuFA) handle that is stable, small, and exhibits tunable reactivity and synthetic compatibility with diverse ligands and proteins. Using GRCs that group‐transfer binders of tags (e.g., HaloTag, FKBP) onto proteins overexpressed in cancer cells, we displayed these binders on the surface of the cancer cell. With a un iversal T cell e ngager (UniTE) that binds to the displayed ligands and T cells, these GRCs induced proximity between cancer cells and cytotoxic T cells, leading to the latter's activation. We envision the GRC platform to find utility in basic research and biomedicine.
Syninclusions reveal “ant mosaic” in the Eocene amber forest
Enhancing Photocatalytic Propane Dehydrogenation via Electronic Structure Modulation of Platinum Sites Over Platinum‐Based Alloys
ABSTRACT Photocatalytic propane dehydrogenation (PDH) offers a promising route for propylene production under mild conditions despite the unsatisfactory propylene yield at present. Herein, we have introduced several second metals into Pt/ZnO catalyst to modulate the electronic structure of Pt by forming PtM alloys. Among all these catalysts, PtPb alloys/ZnO catalyst (PtPb/ZnO) exhibits the optimum photocatalytic PDH activity. Both experiments and density functional theory calculations reveals that PtPb alloys significantly increases the electron density of Pt, weakening the interaction between Pt and propylene. This facilitates the desorption of the produced propylene during photocatalytic PDH, thus helping to release Pt active sites for reactant conversion. A 3.6‐fold increase on propylene yield of photocatalytic PDH has been achieved over PtPb/ZnO with a propylene production rate of 5.4 mmol g −1 h −1 . Our findings highlight the critical relationship between the electronic structure of Pt active sites and performance, marking product desorption modulation an effective strategy to boost photocatalytic PDH.