Browse Articles

Microwave-assisted eco-friendly synthesis of carbon quantum dots derived Cichorium intybus for fluorometric detection of cefdinir

Association-gated multiphoton activation of inert haloarenes via sequential electron donor–acceptor assembly

Self-Splicing RNA Platform Encodes Twin PROTACs for Dual-E3 Ligase Recruitment and Programmable Protein Degradation

Tumor Acidity-Activatable Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles for Selective Oncolytic Therapy

Novel in ovo application of green-synthesized Fe3O4, Cu, and ZnO nanoparticles: enhancing early growth and physiological responses in Domiaty ducks

Abstract Enhancing embryonic nutrient utilization is a key strategy for improving the early growth and health of poultry. This study investigated the effects of in ovo injection (30 µg/egg) of green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -NPs), copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on the early growth performance, physiological responses, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphology of Domiaty ducklings. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and zeta potential analyses, confirming their spherical morphology, nanoscale size (2–16 nm), and good stability. A total of 450 fertile duck eggs were assigned to five groups: non-injected control, saline-injected control, and three NPs-treated groups. In ovo administration was performed on the 14th embryonic day (ED). The results showed significant improvements in hatchling body weight and 7-day post-hatch growth in all NPs-treated groups, with Fe 3 O 4 -NPs and ZnO-NPs producing the greatest responses. Serum lipid profiles showed favorable changes, with reduced cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin (Tf), thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), IgG levels, and antioxidant indicators, such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), were enhanced, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were reduced. Histological examination revealed improved jejunal villus development and crypt architecture. In general, the findings reveal that in ovo administration of biosynthesized metal NPs may positively influence early growth, selected physiological and immune-related traits, antioxidant status, and intestinal development in Domiaty ducks.

Lone-pair-electron-governed gas-recognizable flexibility in a stable MOF for boosting C3H6/C3H8 separation via aqueous scalable synthesis

Chemical Synthesis of Asymmetric Nucleosomes Reveals Intramolecular Activation of UHRF1 E3 Ligase by H3K9me3

Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution over Single-Atom Catalysts via Electrostatic Polarization in Contact-electro-catalysis

Pilot study of autonomic and cardiovascular responses to orthostatic stress among young adults with visual and hearing impairments

Abstract Individuals with visual and hearing impairments often experience reduced physical activity and limited participation in daily activities, which may affect autonomic regulation and cardiovascular risk. However, impairment-specific physiological characteristics in young adults remain poorly understood. This exploratory and hypothesis-generating cross-sectional pilot study investigated autonomic modulation during an acute orthostatic stress test in 35 university students divided into three groups: healthy controls, individuals with visual impairments, and individuals with hearing impairments. Indicators of arteriosclerosis, physical function, autonomic nervous system activity assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), physical activity level, and quality of life were evaluated and compared among groups. The primary outcomes of this study were vascular and autonomic responses during the acute orthostatic stress test, specifically the Arterial Velocity Pulse Index (AVI), Arterial Pressure-volume Index (API), and heart rate variability (HRV) indices. Secondary outcomes included baseline body composition, motor performance, daily physical activity levels, and quality of life (QOL) scores. Although no significant group × time interactions were observed for HRV parameters during the acute orthostatic stress test, a significant main effect of group was observed for HF, whereas no significant group effects were observed for the other HRV parameters. Significant group differences were observed for both API and AVI, with post hoc comparisons indicating higher values in the hearing impairment group than in healthy controls. These preliminary findings may suggest potential impairment-specific cardiovascular profiles that warrant further investigation in larger studies. No significant differences were observed in physical function or quality of life among the groups. Overall, the findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the exploratory design and small sample size. These exploratory findings may suggest possible differences in vascular characteristics in young adults with sensory impairments, with exploratory observations regarding autonomic modulation. However, these observations require confirmation in larger adequately powered studies.

Visualization of oxophilic regulation for alkaline hydrogen evolution on Ni-based electrocatalyst via multimodal operando approaches

Synthesis of Macrocyclic Structures by Intramolecular Photoclick Reaction

Gate tunable circular photogalvanic effect at amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces

Quantifying outer membrane permeability to β-lactam antibiotics using outer membrane vesicles that protect antibiotic-susceptible bacteria

Efficient and Controllable Assembly of Multitype Polyubiquitin Chains via Enzyme-Assisted Thiol Ligation for Structural Elucidation

Freshwater pond function drives contrasting water quality and influences cyanotoxin bloom potential

ACKR2 aids the regulation of bone marrow eosinophils to promote monocyte differentiation and anti-bacterial immunity

Abstract Chemokine receptors control cell migration within the body. Here we reveal interactions between eosinophils and monocytes in the bone marrow, indirectly controlled by the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2. In the absence of ACKR2, there are decreased numbers of eosinophils in the bone marrow. As a result, eosinophil and monocyte interactions are reduced within the bone marrow niche, and are associated with changes in monocyte gene expression. Monocytes from ACKR2-/- mice are recruited to the tissues but are fundamentally altered in their ability to differentiate into macrophages, in the lung, peritoneal cavity and cavity wall. Bacterial elimination is impaired in ACKR2-/- mice during peritoneal infection. ACKR2 is therefore a key regulator of eosinophil-driven monocyte education in the bone marrow, required for full monocyte differentiation and macrophage function within the tissues.

Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Enables Self-Reporting Fluorescent Photoaffinity Labeling in Live Cells

Engineering Organelle-Gated Reporters for Imaging Subcellular Enzyme Activity in Living Cells

Multidrug-Resistant Vibrio spp. carrying carbapenemase genes in aquacultured shrimp and their zoonotic importance

Abstract In the present study, samples (hepatopancreas and muscles) from 100 cultured shrimp ( Penaeus indicus ) were collected. The water samples (n = 30) were obtained from the same shrimp aquaculture farms located at Damietta Governorate in Egypt. An additional 30 samples of human stool were also taken from fish workers who consumed or handled shrimp in the farms. Traditional and regular molecular methods were used for the isolation of Vibrio spp. The investigation identified 165 (63.5%) Vibrio spp. with predominance of V. fluvialis (41.2%), V. alginolyticus (31.5%) and V. parahaemolyticus (7.9%). Findings of large-scale multidrug resistance (77.5% of isolates) and also of the presence of carbapenemase genes ( bla KPC , bla NDM ) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes ( bla CTX-M , bla TEM ) were important discoveries. This strong resistance, due to the fact that a lot of pressure has been exerted on the aquaculture through the use of antibiotics, demonstrates the ineffectiveness of antibiotics in combating vibriosis in shrimp farming. The clinical signs observed in shrimps were red and fragile shells, and pale hepatopancreas. Histopathological analyses corroborated the presence of sloughed hepatopancreas epithelium, vacuolation, oedema and hemocytic infiltration. Regarding sequence similarity, the gyrB gene was sequenced, and all of the shrimp hepatopancreas isolates showed 100% sequence identity with the human stool isolates, which indicates potential genetic relatedness of V. fluvialis isolates. However, because of the conserved nature of gyrB , higher resolution tools are needed to verify transmission (e.g., MLST or WGS). The results of this study show that ecological management strategies and improved farm hygiene practices can be more effective intervention strategies than antibiotic use, providing valuable insights for sustainable shrimp aquaculture and public health interventions.

Extension of Tian Shan along a nascent shear zone

Abstract Our understanding of the dynamics of mountain belt growth is hampered by the lack of high-resolution kinematic observations spanning entire orogenic belts. This is particularly the case for the structurally complex and nascent Tian Shan plateau. Here we use 8 years of Sentinel-1 data across 2 million square kilometres of the Tian Shan to show that the mountain range is extending along its strike, predominantly by rotating along a northeast-trending distributed shear zone. This zone is conjugate to the range strike but aligned with fast axes of shear-wave splitting measurements and a band of strike-slip earthquakes. We interpret this broad zone of shear as resulting from the clockwise rotation of the indenting Tarim Basin, which drives the northeast-to-east motion of the part of the Tian Shan southeast of the cryptic shear zone. Conjugate strike-slip components on numerous basin-bounding faults within the Tian Shan likely facilitate this escape. The present-day vertical deformation of Tian Shan results from a mix of tectonic, climatic, and anthropogenic forcings, with uplift of the highest peak facilitated by thrust along a south-dipping Nalati fault that could be promoted by deglaciation.