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A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR COMPRESSION AND STORAGE OF IMAGES
During the past decades we have been observing a permanent increase in image data, leading to huge repositories.[1]. This paper focuses on image compression and storage. We define methods to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of image compression. Image compression refers to represent an image with as few bits as possible while preserving the level of quality and intelligibility required for a particular application. The present work aims to develop an efficient algorithm for compression and storage of two-tone image. In this paper, an efficient coding technique is proposed and termed as line- skipping coding for two-tone image. The technique exploits 2-D correlation present in the image. This new algorithm is devised to reduce fifty to seventy five percentage of memory storage.
CRYPTOGRAPHY IN E-COMMERCE APPLICATION SECURITY
Internet business/Electronic Business is viewed as a decent option with lower exchange fee and more business way to deal with all clients across the globe. We speak to numerous unbalanced methodologies which are utilized in Web based business to closed electronic exchange and different cryptographic calculations that are primary fascination in setting up of Internet business. Electronic business is needy upon a collection of perils, for instance, unapproved access, misappropriation, change, and devastation of both data and structures. In this seminar report, we put forward a model of E-transaction dependent on Pretty Good Privacy (PGP). It basically tells us how the installments are secured and client request of data will be proficiently dealt with by Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) dependent on computerized signature.
CHANGES IN THE UTILIZATION OF PUBLIC SPACE FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES IN THE CITY OF KOLONODALE , INDONESIA
This The purpose of this study is to find out what factors influence changes in the use of public space due to commercial activities, to find out the factors that most influence on changes in the use of public space, and to find out how the government deals with changes in the use of public space. The type of research used in this study is the type of descriptive research with a quantitative approach, with the number of samples or respondents involved as many as 99 respondents through purposive sampling techniques. In addition, in the data collection techniques in this study through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. With the method of data analysis through descriptive analysis of percentages. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the nine factors used as analysis tools in the study have been proven to influence changes in the use of public space, in this case the Kolonodale Coastal Ring Road area due to commercial activities, in which the nine factors are strategic locations or places, the number of people passing, the factor of the existence of a center of social activity for the community, the factor of the availability of adequate supporting facilities, environmental factors, the availability of public transportation, factors of availability of places to move and be safe from crime, factors of government policy, to the factors of public space design. The factor that most influences the changes in the use of public space due to commercial activities is the existence of a center of social activity for the community, this is because social activities are often held in the area, and this area is also a gathering point for people from all regions in the City of Kolonodale, so business people are interested in buying and selling goods and nets in the region. In addition to addressing changes in the use of public space, the local government has made several efforts, including the socialization of the traders about the prohibition of selling on the edge of public roads.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES FOR CREDIT CARD FRAUD DETECTION
Nowadays, in the global computing environment, online payments are a necessary evil as it makes payment conveniently easier and can be done via an ample of available options like a Credit card, Debit Card, Net Banking, PayPal, Paytm available to make payments easier. The most common mode of payment used in online shopping is Credit Card as it is easier for the customers to directly transfer money from one account to another; without the withdrawal of cash at any point. However, this easy payment mode has opened up paths for multiple frauds which involve theft or illegal tampering of data of the credit card owner. Thus, with the increasing number of fraud cases and losses, it is important to find the best solution to detect credit card fraud as well as minimize the number of frauds in online systems. With the analysis of different sets of research performed on the given problem statement, we have concluded that the issue requires a substantial amount of predictions and application of machine learning to find the accuracy score of those commonly used algorithms to predict which of these three state-of-art-algorithms - Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression and K Neighbours, is best suitable to carry out the research in this area. In order to support our findings, we apply two different approaches i.e. with sampling and without sampling on these algorithms against the same dataset. We claim on the basis of our results that K Neighbours outperformed all in both the approaches and is more suitable to carry forward the fraud detection research using machine learning. The analysis will be useful for those working to derive anti-fraud strategies to predict the fraud patterns and reduce the risk during hefty transactions.
DEEP NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHMS AND THEIR ROLE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DNNs (Deep Neural Networks) are widely employed in advanced applications including image and audio processing. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are two types of DNNs that have been popular for industrial applications in recent years. RNNs are well-suited to time variation problems due to their recursive structure. RNNs are ideally suited for temporal variation concerns due to their recursive structure, whereas CNNs are often employed in computer vision applications such as object recognition. Despite the fact that CNNs and RNNs are both DNNs, their implementation differs significantly. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) can be used to solve the sequence to sequence problem when both the input and output have sequential structures. There are always some unseen links between the structures. The traditional RNN technique, on the other hand, has trouble examining the links between the sequences appropriately. This survey introduces some attention-based RNN models, applications, types, and DNN algorithms that can focus on different features of the input for each output item in order to investigate and exploit the implicit links between the input and output items.
A SURVEY ON ADVANCED ATTENDANCE API
In today's rapidly changing world, automatic face recognition (AFR) technologies have made significant advances. Keeping up with the attendance register day by day is a troublesome and tedious process. There are many robotized strategies for a similar application like biometrics, radio-frequency identification (RFID), iris detection, voice detection, and more. The objective of this paper is to review some of the state-of-the-art techniques used in the implementation of marking attendance. The existing methodologies show that there is a scope for improvement in the implementation of smart attendance. In our future work, we want to present a framework by utilizing deep learning and thereby tap into the potential that it guarantees in the field of face-based biometrics.
A REVIEW ON POWER CONVERTERS WITH DIFFERENT CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR PV APPLICATION
Nowadays, in most of the industrial applications, power converters are required because it is very essential to convert the fixed voltage dc source into variable voltage dc source for some applications and for some more applications, it is required to convert the variable voltage dc source into fixed voltage dc source based on the application. In this paper, different types of dc-dc converters are studied based on their applications. In recent days, dc-dc converters are implemented in photovoltaic applications like solar panel, wind energy integration, dc grid system, etc. In order to obtain the regulated output dc voltage, different control techniques are also studied. In this paper comparison of different control techniques have been done. In photovoltaic systems, dc-dc converters are required in order to link the low voltage PV panel and high voltage dc link. MPPT control technique is also employed in the photovoltaic system to extract the maximum power from the PV panel. In PV DC grid system, DC-DC converters are more essential as it converts the unregulated and unstable output power to regulated, stable output. By using dc-dc power converters, use of bulky and heavy low frequency step-up coupling transformer can be avoided.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DELAY OF THE LONG SEGMENT SCHEME ROAD MAINTENANCE PROJECT IN CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE
Road maintenance is a road handling activity in the form of prevention, maintenance, and repair so that it continues to function optimally to serve traffic. The long segment road maintenance scheme is divided into effective and non-effective scopes. The effective scope of the implementation period is determined by the specific terms of the contract, and the non-effective scope ends December 31 of the current year. Implementation control is determined in the schedule. The project is considered critical if it is minus (-10%) for period I and minus (-5%) for period II. If it is critical, control is carried out by conducting a Show Cause Meeting (SCM). The non-effective scope applies performance indicators (IK) in the first 90 days. Financial sanctions are imposed on service providers if minus (-5%) is in the critical (late) category. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that have a positive and significant effect on project delays. The method used is descriptive quantitative analysis method and Smart PLS version 3 analysis tool, with a sample size of 82 respondents. The results of the study (T-statistics), human resource factor (0.161), financial factor (3.400), material factor (0.024), equipment factor (2.097), and implementation method factor (2.144), had a significant effect if T-statistic > 1, 96, the dependent variable is the delay in the long segment scheme project in Central Sulawesi Province.
STUDY OF SNPP-VIIRS SATELLITE IMAGE FOR ESTIMATION SURFACE GILL NETS FISHING GROUND IN SEMARANG WATERS, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Gillnet fishermen in Semarang often have difficulty determining the fishing grounds. The aims of the study were to analysed the spatial and temporal distribution of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a, to analysed the relationship between variables and to study the estimation of fishing grounds. The data collection method used purposive sampling. Map processing using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method. The data processing method uses normality test, classical assumption test and linear regression test. Analysis of image data spatially (4 miles from the shoreline) and temporally (west, east and transition monsoons). SST and chlorophyll-a tend to be high near the shore. The lowest SST (28.82OC) and the highest chlorophyll-a (5.11 mg/L) occurred in the east monsoon. The highest SST (31.74OC) and the lowest chlorophyll-a occurred in the west monsoon (1.31 mg/L). SST and chlorophyll-a have an erratic distribution pattern during the transitional monsoon. The value of SST and chlorophyll-a correlation partially to catch was 14.3% (weak) and 74% (very strong). The correlation value of SST to chlorophyll-a is 30.2% (medium). The correlation value of SST and chlorophyll-a simultaneously with catch is 75.3% (very strong). Determination of fishing areas based on high chlorophyll-a1 values and low SST. The coordinates for determining the fishing ground include 6° 53' 24,858" South Latitude 110° 26' 0.071" east west monsoon, 6° 55' 43,941" LS 110° 24' 47,903" east longitude transitional monsoon I, 6° 55' 29,439" latitude 110° 25' 54,790" east longitude, and 6° 55' 11,394" latitude 110° 26' 15,904" east longitude of transitional monsoon II.
PERFORMANCE DETERMINANTS OF BHABINKAMTIBMAS IN MAINTAINING COMMUNITY SAFETY AND ORDER AT POLRESTABES SEMARANG WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS INTERVENING VARIABLE
Bhabinkamtibmas is the spearhead of the function of the police in maintaining security and public order. This study aims to examine the factors that influence the performance of Bhabinkamtibmas in carrying out a very complex task. The research method used is explanatory research with a quantitative approach, while data collection is through surveys, observations, interviews, literature studies and distributing questionnaires to 75 respondents who are sampled data from a population of 177 Bhabinkamtibmas who are on duty in the Polrestabes Semarang area. The data analysis using path analysis and Sobel test, and the results show that the influence of leadership has a direct effect with a significant value of 0.018 <0.05 (accepted) and an indirect effect with the coefficient ab known t count of 12.6 > 1.96 t table ( accepted), the direct effect of commitment with a significant value of 0.016 < 0.05 (accepted) and the indirect effect of the ab coefficient is known t count sebes = - 3.71 <1.96 t table (rejected), the influence of Self- confidence significant value level 0.861 > 0.05 (rejected) and the indirect effect with the ab coefficient is known t count sebes = 2.98 > 1.96 t table (accepted), the direct influence of motivation with a significant value level of 0.347 > 0.05 and indirect from the ab coefficient is known t count = 1.28 < 1.96 (t table) and The effect of Job Satisfaction with a significant value level of 0.277 > 0.05 (rejected) but can mediate the Trust variable Self influence on the Performance variable. The results of this study indicate that in order to improve the performance of Bahabinkatibmas, it is necessary to increase its ability with 3 competencies, namely self-leadership, commitment and self-confidence through training and coaching.
FI RA WALI: CULTURE-BASED STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SENTANI COMMUNITY
This article intends to explain how Fi Ra Wali (read: my sago my life) can be used as a culture-based community development strategy in defending the sago forest as a local community commodity from the threat of a global crisis. Interviews and literature studies were used to obtain data. Fi ra wali as a self-concept of the Sentani community has local values that are used to strengthen the existence of socio-culturalism in the face of modernization. This article reveals that in Fi Ra Wali some social norms and rules are built spontaneously to create a culture of obedience, discipline, respect, and social awareness in maintaining their local wisdom. Fi Ra Wali is a manifestation of hidden rationality, as a manifestation of hidden knowledge that shows the strength of a traditional society that is resistant. This article concludes that Fi Ra Wali is a culturally specific strategy that has a safety value in every activity, to maintain the continuity of life, not only in the present but also in the future. Keywords—Cultural Development, Modernization, Fi Ra Wali, Sago Forest, Safety Value
A SURVEY ON STOCK PRICE PREDICTION USING DEEP LEARNING
Stock is a curve with a lot of unknowns. Stock market forecasting is fraught with complications and unpredictability. One of the most challenging and sophisticated methods of doing business is investing in the stock market. Stock forecasting is a difficult and time-consuming activity since the stock market is extremely volatile with stock prices fluctuating due to a variety of variables. Investors nowadays want quick and precise information to make informed decisions, thanks to the rapid growth of technology in stock price prediction. Understanding a company's stock price pattern and estimating its future development and financial growth will be quite advantageous. As the stock is made up of dynamic data, data is the critical source of efficiency. In the current trend of predicting stocks, deep learning is the most popular among the prediction of datasets. To forecast and automate operations, deep learning employs several prediction models and algorithms. The paper briefs about different algorithms and methods used for stock market prediction.
UHMWPE / AL2O3 SYNTHESIS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES EVALUATION
UHMWPE being similar to HDPE has got more interesting properties like chemical stability and most importantly the abrasion resistance property. The applications of UHMWPE among important sectors have drawn researcher’s attention towards improving the properties of UHMWPE by filling it with micro and nano particles (ceramic oxides). In this work, the major concentration is on developing UHMWPE composites reinforced with Al2O3 and ZnO nano particles and analysing the mechanical, tribological and microstructural characteristics. The nano reinforcements were synthesized using sol-gel process and used in the study. Mechanical characterization was done through standard procedures with specimen standards corresponding to ASTM. Compositions selected for the study were 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 % of Al2O3/ZnO NPs along with UHMWPE as base matrix. Density test was conducted using the standard procedure and porosity in percentage was calculated. It was clearly observed that with an addition of 12.5% NPs, the porosity increases rapidly because of the pore nucleation due to increased surface area and shrinkage due to volume contraction because of agglomeration. Hardness test was conducted on Vicker’s hardness tester and for both the reinforcements an increase in hardness with an increase in NP fillings was seen. Although, at 12.5% NP, there was no such improvement in hardness. This directly is related to the porosity of the composite at 12.5% NP. Impact and compression strength results also show the same trend.
A REVIEW ON COMPARISON STUDY OF DIFFERENT CONVERTER WITH VARIOUS CONTROL TECHNIQUES AND VARIOUS MPPT TECHNIQUES
There are various DC-DC converters used in Solar PV system for matching the impedance between the source and the load. This document describes the many types of converters used in photovoltaic solar systems, including their applications, advantages, and downsides. This article presents a study of the literature of the majority recent results in artificial intelligence algorithms for maximum power tracking control. MPPT algorithms are used to match the load resistance to the source input resistance to increase the power delivered from the PV system. This paper gives reviews of different control techniques for DC-DC Interleaved Boost Converter for power level conversion. Different control schemes, including linear and non-linear control. Moreover, various control techniques are compared in terms of Advantages and disadvantages of each.
STABILITY AND BIODISTRIBUTION STUDY OF QUININE HYDROCHLORIDE NIOSOMAL FORMULATION
Niosomal formulation found to be one of the promising approach to treat the malaria. QH loaded niosomal formulation used for the targeting the liver stages of the parasite to treat early stage malaria. The biodistribution pattern says that the QH loaded niosomes minimized the toxicity associated with plain QH solution, as were at the liver for longer period of time. Longer circulation of the niosomes showed that, incorporation of QH into the niosomes helped to increase the stability of QH by preventing it from chemical and enzymatic degradation. Lyophilized niosomal formulation (Proniosomes) were stable when stored at both refrigerated and room temperature.
REVIEW ON DC-DC CONVERTERS WITH VARIOUS CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPLICATIONS
In recent years, the demand for electricity is awfully increasing. As the energy generation by using non-renewable sources leads to major pollution and global warming, to avoid these issues the renewable energy sources are opted universally. Among all renewable sources solar photovoltaic is most feasible, and it has its own drawbacks too, such as intermittent in nature, less efficient and generated power persists with a stochastic behaviour. To deal with these issues power electronic converters are used. In all power electronic converters the DC-DC converters plays an important role in improving DC voltage regulation and efficiency. This paper highlights different types of DC-DC converters and different control techniques for power converter. This paper also includes the MPPT algorithm implemented which ensures operation of PV module at its MPP, extracting the maximum available power. In modern days, Electric vehicles are believed to be fruitful solution for reducing green house gas emission. The battery is a fundamental part of Electric vehicle. Paper also presents different types of DC-DC Converters in electric vehicle battery.
UPGRADING OF LATERITIC SOIL WITH PULVERIZED PORCELAIN TILES FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION
The geotechnical properties lateritic soil sample was upgraded with pulverized porcelaintiles (PPT). Lateritic soil sample was obtained and its index, specific gravity and compaction property was determined along with its California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Soil sample was obtained from Shagamu Interchange, Off Lagos-Ibadan expressway, South-West Nigeria while the pulverized porcelain tiles used were obtained from a construction site as waste. The soil samples were mixed with pulverized porcelain tiles in percentage by weight from 0 to 30% at an additional rate of 5%. The index properties of the natural soil showed the soil is silty clayey that belongs to group A-7-6 which is a poor soil according to AASHTO soil classification system. The soil naturally has a specific gravity of 2.65 with 37% of it particles passing 0.075mm, its LL, PL and PI are 46, 16, and 30% respectively, this depicts that the soil was a silty clayey high plastic soil (CH). The lateritic soil was altered by its compaction characteristics upon the addition of PPT which increased the liquid limit but gradually reduces the maximum dry density of the soil. The analyses of test results, it was found that Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Plasticity Index, and Optimum Moisture Content decreased consistently with the incremental addition of PPT up to 30%, whereas the Maximum Dry Density decreases with an increase in the optimum moisture content while the California Bearing Ratio (Soaked and Un-soaked) increased with PPT additive. Liquid Limit decreased from 46.7% (unmixed laterite) to 44.6% (30% PPT addition). The Plastic Limit decreased from 16% (natural state of laterite) to 15.6% (when mixed with 30% PPT) leaving the plasticity index reduced to 29% from 30.7%. The percentage of un-soaked CBR increased from 28% at 5% of PPT to 37.1%, while that of soaked CBR increased from 23% (unmixed soil) to 32.6% at 30% of PPT. Also, the free swelling potential of the clayey soil decreases as the percentage of PPT increases. The study asserts that 30% of PPT should be used to improve the geotechnical properties of a lateritic soil for highway construction.
STUDY ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A356/AL2O3 AND PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF WEAR BEHAVIOUR USING TAGUCHI AND RSM
Metal Matrix Composites are considered to be the center of research in materials due to their superior properties (mechanical as well as tribological) and applications. Hence, Tribological investigation of A356 (Si7 mg0.3 Fe0.2) alloy reinforced with Al2O3 nano particles (Avg <50nm) are studied and presented in this work. The specimens for the experimentation were prepared using Powder metallurgy route. Reinforcements were taken to be in concentrations of 0wt%, 2wt% and 4wt% and blended with the matrix. Tribological characterization was done with the use of Pin on Disc apparatus for varying load conditions (20, 30 & 40N) and speed conditions (400, 600 and 800rpm). Results clearly show that the rate of wear and frictionco-efficient is reduced by a larger extent due to the addition of Al2O3. Micrographs of worn surfaces showed the larger grooves which showed the material loss and it can be seen that the surface is less rough in the case of 4wt% reinforcement composite.
ELECTRONIC WASTE: THE PAINS AND THE GAINS
This paper presents an assessment of e-waste with respect to rate of generation, composition, risk and recycling potential. Data were extracted from published works and further analysed to provide insight into these aspects of e-waste management. Results showed that Nigeria has one of the highest per capita rate of e-waste generation (7kg/capita/year) as a result of heavy reliance on used electrical and electronic equipment as well as export of e-waste by developed countries. Television sets and personal computers constitute 55% of the total e-waste generated. Lead and copper present very high risk because of their wide application in printed circuit boards (PCB) which are used in virtually all electrical and electronic equipment and cathode ray tubes of television sets and personal computer monitors. Other metals found in e-waste include mercury, cadmium and arsenic have been implicated in severe health problems such as cancer, lung disease, renal failure and brain damage. This paper further revealed that the risk associated with improper disposal of e-waste can be reduced by recycling and re-use. E-waste from mobile phone alone has an economic potential of ₤186,000,000 or N89,000,000,000 which is equivalent to 4,886,550 barrels of crude oil. Gold component of mobile phone account for 68% of this potential revenue.
ROLE OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS IN MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
To ensure a successful implementation of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) on the roadways, we must have an accurate assessment of the current condition of our transportation network and we need to continually monitor its performance and make necessary improvements as needed. To better understand how technologies like ITS are helping to optimise time on the road, it is good to gain a basic understanding of how this technology works. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are networks that offer users the option to either drive on a pre-programmed route that takes an average of around 40 to 45 minutes, or choose a different route that would take around 30 minutes. This often results in users spending less time in their cars when compared to a traditional drive-through model. A 2021 report from McKinsey & Company states “A typical smart city is envisioned, featuring shorter trips (either for commute, errands, or entertainment), along dedicated, on-demand routes to reduce the need to travel long distances as well as the physical inefficiencies of vehicle miles traveled". Integrated transportation services could also offer modern commutes a greater range of options, such as having the ability to purchase and use an electric vehicle (EV) onsite, or utilise public transit on the go. This multi-modal approach is proving more and more popular with businesses and cities, and many are making it a priority when it comes to implementing new infrastructure. Cities like Beijing, for example, have already started to incorporate autonomous vehicle (AV) fleets, which services drivers as they travel during their commute. Plans such as these portray a great future for the transportation network, but we have some way to go to reach this goal. Here we will discuss some other efficient solution for Intelligent Traffic Management.