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Study of Machine Learning Models to Detect Autism Spectrum Disorder
ASD is a spectrum disorder, some people with ASD may have mild symptoms and can live independently, while others may need more support and assistance in their daily lives. Some of the risk factors for ASD include having an older parent, being born prematurely, having a sibling with ASD, or being exposed to certain infections or toxins during pregnancy some of the common types of treatments include behavioural therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and passionate about their interests. Such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, observational tools, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, and developmental assessments, such as the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. This study refers to some Machine Learning (ML) based applications that are able to detect Autism among individuals. This comprehensive review explores the innovative integration of machine learning (ML) models in the detection and diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It begins by highlighting the complexities and diagnostic challenges of ASD, noting the limitations of traditional assessment methods. The review then delves into the realm of artificial intelligence (AI), discussing how AI, particularly ML and deep learning techniques, are revolutionizing the approach to ASD detection. It covers various ML models, including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, and their application using behavioural, genetic, and neuroimaging data. A significant focus is given to the use of Logistic Regression and Hybrid Autism Screening Models in predicting ASD. The review also examines the efficacy and performance of supervised and deep learning models in ASD detection, evaluating their accuracy and precision. By providing a detailed analysis of the current state of AI in healthcare, specifically for ASD, this review underscores the potential of ML models in offering more accurate, accessible, and efficient diagnosis methods for ASD
Calculation and Comparison of Adsorption Curves of Three ISO-Variables A CSE Study of Lean Coal from China
A series of isothermal adsorption experimental data of MZQ coal sample in Shanxi province of China has been transformed to fit a temperature pressure-adsorption equation with high accuracy. Besides isothermal adsorption curve, isobaric adsorption curve and isosteric adsorption curve have been created and presented. The Clausius-Clapeyron equations have been used to illustrate that gas isosteric adsorption is an exothermic process. The calculation procedure of unit isosteric adsorption enthalpy has been present. The increase of adsorption amount causes the unit isosteric adsorption enthalpy exponentially decreased, so the unit isosteric desorption enthalpy exponentially decreased.
News Recommendation Systems: Impediments and Future Prospects
News publishers have reduced their usage of traditional newspapers in favour of digital various options such as webpages and specially constructed cell phone applications. In the present world, the internet has recreated information borders and, in addition to smartphone internet access, makes it the most vital medium content for everyone on earth. Users want personalized news recommendations in order to locate relevant news content and avoid information overload. With the growing number of media reports available on social media, tailored news suggestions have become more vital in assisting end users inside discovering relevant and engaging news stories. Traditional recommender systems, on the other hand, frequently fail to account for the constantly changing nature the users' preferences in addition to shifting patterns in news items. To solve this issue, this study offers a context-aware customized data system of recommendations that utilizes contextual information to improve news suggestion individualism. The method entails gathering, extracting, investigating, scrubbing, and arranging a big dataset from 22,657 English publications from 19 individual news outlets online. Four separate recommender frameworks were thought up using different methodologies, including content-based strategies like the TF-IDF Bag-of-Words, and Word2Vec, as well as a related not entirely set in stone by click demeanours. Since it’s been thoroughly explored over decades with noteworthy progress in enhancing user interaction, there encore many concerns and obstacles waiting to be researched further.
Characterization Mass Ratio of TiO2: Coconut Shell Using FTIR analysis as a Super capacitor
The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of the mass ratio of TiO2 to activated coconut shell. This research was carried out using a chemical deposition method which utilized H2SO4 as the reagent. Next is the activation of carbon which will later be used as supercapacitor material. Based on the objectives and methods carried out, the results obtained were that the mass ratio was 1:1, visible in the spectrum at wavelengths of 940 cm-1, 1037 cm-1, 1623 cm-1, and 2958 cm-1. Based on the spectrum at conditions 940-1037 cm-1, there are indications of the formation of C-C groups, in this condition carbonization is formed. At a mass ratio of 1:3 there is a wave shift starting at 884 cm-1 and the largest shift at a wave number of 2950 cm-1. In this comparison, O-H groups or carboxylic acids were still found. At a mass ratio of 1:5 the wave number shift starts at 884 cm-1, 1135 cm-1, 1635 cm-1 and 2362 cm-1. Based on the wave number 884-1135 cm-1, the functional group formed is the C-C bond, apart from that, the wavelength area of 1635 cm-1 shows the presence of the C=C bond
Resilience of Networks in Intelligent Urban Environments
As urban areas develop to integrate new technology, smart city infrastructures depend significantly on seamless and resilient networks for operational stability, safety, and service continuity. This article examines the essential significance of robust network infrastructure in smart cities and emphasizes techniques aimed at maintaining uninterrupted connectivity during disasters, network failures, or peak demand periods. This article seeks to deliver a thorough analysis of resilient network practices that protect vital infrastructure, sustain data flows, and facilitate key services by investigating real-world case studies, contemporary best practices, and available technology. Principal findings underscore the incorporation of decentralized networking models, adaptive routing protocols, and hybrid connectivity systems as vital components in enhancing smart city resilience.
Challenges and Solutions in Mutual Redistribution of Routing Protocols
Mutual route protocol redistribution poses some major difficulties when dealing with heterogeneous network infrastructures. The key technical and operational problems of protocol redistribution, such as routing loops, administrative distance conflicts, metric incompatibility, and policy control complexity, will be discussed. We suggest a number of optimized solutions for better protocol interoperability and efficient network performance. Particular emphasis is given to the solutions regarding route filtering, administrative distance tuning, and metric conversion techniques. These approaches further minimize not only potential loop scenarios but also help maintain stability and scalability of network operations across multi-protocol infrastructures.
Blood Report Analysis-A Review
To determine your general health status; to screen for, diagnose, or monitor any one of a variety of diseases and conditions that affect blood cells, such as anemia, infection, inflammation, bleeding disorder or cancer. The complete blood count (CBC) is a group of tests that evaluate the cells that circulate in blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets (PLTs). The CBC can evaluate your overall health and detect a variety of diseases and conditions, such as infections, anemia and leukemia. Blood cells are produced and mature primarily in the bone marrow and, under normal circumstances, are released into the bloodstream as needed.
Ground Water Eminence Chemical Analysis in Gulbarga City: A Physiochemical Perspective
This study aims at assessing the physiochemical variation of groundwater quality in Gulbarga city, rivers state India. The level of chemical concentration in the groundwater sample was analysed using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The quality of the borehole was analysed using a physical visibility survey. Groundwater samples from 5 locations in Gulbarga city was collected from public boreholes namely Zilla, Kusanoor, Sirasagi, Sultanpur and Nandikoor. Analysis of the groundwater samples was carried out in the Laboratory to ascertain the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics. After due analysis, it was observed that most of the groundwater samples were still within permissible limits with little differences across the different locations. The temperature of the groundwater samples was different in Zilla and Sultanpur as their temperatures were not within the permissible limits of WHO. PH of the groundwater samples were also slightly different in Zilla, Kusanoor and Nandikoor with PH values of 5.20, 5.34 and 5.28 respectively. It was discovered that little treatment is needed in the study area since most of the values fall within the permissible limits of WHO.
In-Vitro Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Saponaria Officinalis for Antiurolithiatic Activity
The goal of the current study was to assess Saponaria officinalis ethanol extracts' in-vitro anti-urolithiatic effectiveness as a potential natural therapy to combat adverse effects brought on by the use of contemporary synthetic medications. S. officinalis extracted with ethanol was put to the test for its ability to treat urolithiasis utilizing in vitro studies (nucleation, aggregation assays). This extract was evaluated and contrasted with the reference medication cystone at increasing concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000μg/ml. The extract's ability to suppress the growth of calcium oxalate crystals in preformed forms was evaluated. The results of the S. officinalis extract on the nucleation assay were significant and showed considerable inhibition 64.2%±0.5 compared to standard cystone drug 67.7%±0.8 at 1000μg/ml concentration. Additionally, the ethanol extract of S. officinalis showed significant inhibition in the aggregation assay with a difference of 74.2%±0.08 compared to cystone 76.7%±0.09 at 1000μg/ml concentration. At a dose level of 1000μg/ml, the ethanol extract of S. officinalis possesses anti-urolithiatic potentials in vitro. It is possible to further exploit the ethanol extract of S. officinalis as a potential anti-urolithiasis medication.
SYNTHESIS, DOCKING AND EVALUATION OF PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-MALARIAL AGENTS
Malaria is endmic disease of tropical and subtropical contries like India, Pakistan, Srilanka, Bangladesh, South Africa etc. There are lot of fatalities and causalities due to malaria every year. There are lot of drugs have been synthesized for controlling this intermittent fever like chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, pamaquine, primaquine, artimisininine, sulphadoxine, pyrimethamine, dapsone. The pyrimidine derivative synthetic drugs like sulphadoxine and pyramethamine have potential role to treat malaria with fever side effects. The lead molecule is pyrimdine and various groups are attached to this nucleus for optimizing the activity of lead nucleus and its derivative to treat this dangerous disease. The main causative organisms are plasmodium falciparm, plasmodium vivex, plasmodium malariae and ovale that cause malaria in patient and transmitted in blood after bitting of female anopheles mosquito that act as vector for plasmodium species. The docking studies are also performed by software and proper lead compound is identified with docking studies. The synthesis of compounds were carried out in laboratories with microwave synthesis and newer techniques that are fast and less time consuming of better yield of products. Structure activities relationships are studied and optimum activities are obtained by replacing different functional groups and other groups.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Anticancer Study of Acridine derivatives
Cancer is one of the global problem and a major cause for mortality. many treatment strategies are available for cancer treatment, still there is a scope for novel treatment to avoid serious side effects of existing therapy. Novel DNA binding agents are needed for effective treatment of cancers. In the field of antitumor DNA-intercalating agents, 9-aminoacridines play an important role due to their antiproliferative properties. Several cancer chemotherapeutics such as amsacrine and nitracrine have been developed as anticancer agents.In present study, a series of new acridine-based derivatives numbered 3a–3j were synthesized and their anticancer activity against A549 (Human, small cell Lung Carcinoma) cell line was evaluated by MTT Assay. Out of the screened compounds, compound 3b exhibited potent anticancer activity with IC50 78.04 µg/ml for lung cancer cell (A-549) line.Further in vivo study of newly synthesized acridine derivative can explore a ray of light in the field of anticancer drugs.
Formulation and Evaluation of Paracetamol Tablet to Assess Binding Property of Limonia acidissima Pectin
Plants acts as a major source of medicines and are used to formulate various pharmaceutical preparations. Apart from this they act as excellent pharmaceutical aids and excipients.Limonia acidissima is nutritious, easily available, cheap but underutilized fruit. The aim of present research is to isolate the pectin from dried fruit pulp of Limonia acidissima and to assess its binding property. Pectin was extracted by boiling dried fruit pulp powder with water for 7 hrs at pH 3.2 adjusted with citric acid and using ethanol as precipitating agent. Binding property of pectin was assessed using paracetamol as a model drug. Paracetamol granules were prepared by wet granulationmethod. Granules were prepared using starch as disintegrant, calcium carbonate as filler, talc as glidant, Magnesiumstearate as lubricant and varying concentration of pectin as binder and were compressed into respective tablets.A reference batch of starch as binder was prepared to carry out the comparative study and to assess the binding property of pectin. Total four batches of formulation were prepared using different concentrations of pectin. For each formulation pre compression and post compression studies were performed and compared to range asper pharmacopoeias. Tablets were evaluated based on Weight uniformity, Tablet Hardness, Friability, Disintegration and In vitro drug release. The results obtained for all pre-compression and post compression parameters were found within acceptable range of pharmacopoeias. Limonia acidissima pectin can act as excellent binder in dosage forms. In vitro dissolution studies were revealed that batch F3 showed 99.64 % of drug release. In pharmaceutical dosage form like tablet, Limonia acidissima pectin acts as an excellent binder since it is of natural origin and Limonia acidissima fruits were available easily at very low costand proved to be better alternative for synthetic binder.
In-Vitro Evaluation of Antiulcer Activity of Ethanol Extract of Saponaria Officinalis
For the treatment and prevention of illnesses and disorders, medicinal plants are recognized to contain conventional therapeutic substances. This study examined the potential of ethanol extracts of Saponaria officinalis to block H+/K+ ATPase and neutralize acids in order to determine whether they may be utilized to cure ulcers. In traditional medicine, the Saponaria officinalis is used to treat gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation. The acidity of the extract at a 1500 mg/ml concentration was much lower than that of conventional aluminium hydroxide + magnesium hydroxide (500mg), falling to 5.33 from 12.7. The ethanol extract of Saponaria officinalis at a concentration of 100μg, showed maximum percentage of inhibition of 67.17±1.96% as compared to omeprazole 71.47±0.52%, demonstrated the highest percentage of inhibition of the H+/K+ - ATPase. The results of this study suggest that Saponaria officinalis ethanol extract contains substances that can block enzymes and neutralize acids, making it a potential alternative treatment for digestive issues.
Pharmacokinetic and Bio-Distribution Study of Purified Fractions of Celery Extract in Rats
Introduction: The ethnic people cultures and traditions anywhere in the globe, ritual, legends, myths, folksongs, and medicinal practices. Aim of the study: The main aim of the study is pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution study of purified fractions of celery extract in rats. Material and method: The dosages of TA (Aq) and TA (Ethanol) that were used for the research were 2000 mg/kg at step 2 and repeat of 2000 mg/kg at step 2. Each day's dose of test material was formulated just before administration. Conclusion: The results of the present study can be a useful lead for further investigation on SE, to evaluate the efficacy in management of Diabetes mellitus and its complications.
AEGLE MARMELOS MUCILAGE PROPERTIES AS A BINDER: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in natural binders for various applications, ranging from pharmaceuticals to food and industrial processes. Agle Marmalosa, commonly known as Indian Bael Family: Rutaceae (Lemon family)has gained attention due to its unique mucilage properties, making it a promising candidate as a natural binder. This review article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the mucilage properties of Aegle marmelosand its potential applications as a binder in different fields. The article discusses the extraction methods, chemical composition, rheological behavior, and binding capabilities of Aegle marmelosmucilage. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities associated with its utilization as a binder are addressed, along with a comparison to other natural binders available in the market.
WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF STANDARDIZED BOVIN COLOSTRUM DERIVATIVES IN DIABETIC RATS
Diabetic wound healing remains a significant clinical challenge due to impaired cellular and molecular processes inherent in diabetes. This study investigates the potential therapeutic effect of Standardized Bovine Colostrum Derivatives (SBCD) on cutaneous wound healing in a diabetic rat model. The research aims to address the limited therapeutic options available for diabetic wound management and to explore the potential of SBCD as an innovative approach. A comprehensive literature review establishes the context of the study, highlighting the complexities of diabetic wound healing and the need for novel interventions. The wound healing process involves intricate interactions between growth factors, cytokines, and cellular activities, which are disrupted in diabetic conditions. Existing treatments often fall short in achieving desired outcomes. The methodology employed a well-designed experimental protocol involving diabetic rats divided into SBCD-treated and control groups. Wounds were created under controlled conditions, and SBCD was administered to the treatment group. The progression of wound healing was monitored through wound size measurements and histological analysis. Statistical techniques were employed to evaluate the significance of differences observed. The results indicate that SBCD administration positively influences wound healing in diabetic rats. Comparative analysis of wound size reduction between the treatment and control groups demonstrates promising outcomes. Histological examination further elucidates the cellular changes associated with SBCD treatment, emphasizing its potential in addressing diabetic wound healing challenges. The discussion interprets these findings within the context of existing literature, proposing potential mechanisms through which SBCD may accelerate wound healing. The implications of this research extend to clinical practice, where innovative treatments are urgently needed to mitigate the burden of diabetic wound complications. While the study presents valuable insights, it acknowledges limitations and suggests avenues for further investigation. In conclusion, this research contributes to the understanding of diabetic wound healing and introduces Standardized Bovine Colostrum Derivatives as a potential therapeutic option. By bridging the gap between existing knowledge and innovative treatment strategies, this study lays the foundation for future research and clinical applications, ultimately offering renewed hope for effective diabetic wound management.
Experimental Research on Ceramic Waste as Partial Replacement in Concrete
Due to the day to day innovations and development in construction field, the use of natural aggregates is increased tremendously and at the same time, the production of solid wastes from the demolitions of constructions is also quite high. Because of these reasons the reuse of demolished constructional wastes like ceramic tile came into the picture to reduce the solid waste and to reduce the scarcity of natural aggregates for making concrete. The ceramic tile waste is not only occurring from the demolition of structures but also from the manufacturing unit. The waste material should have to be reused in order to deal with the limited resource of natural aggregate and to reduce the construction wastes. A crushed waste ceramic tile is used as a replacement to the coarse aggregate. The ceramic waste crushed tiles were partially replaced in place of coarse aggregates by 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. M25 grade of concrete was designed and tested. The mix designs for different types of mixes were prepared by replacing the coarse aggregate at different percentages of crushed tiles. Experimental investigations like workability, Compressive strength test, Split tensile strength test, Flexural strength test for different concrete mixes with different percentages of waste crushed and granite powder after 7, 14 and 28 days curing period has done. It has been observed that the workability increases with increase in the percentage of replacement of granite powder and crushed tiles increases. The strength of concrete also increases with the ceramic coarse tile aggregate up to 30% percentage.
Deep Learning Strategies for Netbanking Fraud Detection using Face Biometrics
The goal of Internet banking is to develop a secure authentication system for the banking sector. Security providers for online banking must be responsive to security requirements. While there is no doubt that banking transactions should be protected from threats or security attacks on multiple levels, service providers should incorporate security into their service offerings. And you have probably heard a lot about hacker methods for stealing any logical password or pin number, identity theft, credit card fraud, or other security breaches. Identification, which can be equated to a username in the existing framework, is used to authorise and grant access to a system. Because usernames are easily forgotten, they are used to verify that the intended user is who he or she claims to be - the authentication process. Biometric authentication and identity systems are the most recent solutions to security and privacy concerns. Face Recognition is the study of physical or behavioural characteristics of humans that are used to identify people and verify whether they are authorised or not. These physical characteristics of a person include fingerprints, face, hand geometry, voice, palm -vein, and iris biometric device. Create a real-time authentication system for online banking that uses face biometrics for approved users. The project's goal is to create a fully functional face recognition and verification system, as well as to understand the key features of these important technologies, specifically those relating to the technological, application domain, social environmental system, and performance factors. And provide a joint account access system to allow multiple people to access the same accounts by giving original account holders access control. The blockchain is created when a transaction is stored in a database. When a secondary user logs into the account, the access information is sent directly to the primary account holder. This blockchain technology will secure the authentication system of the net banking application.
A Study on Satisfaction Level of Employees at Eastman Spinning Mills (P) Ltd., to Dindigul
The main objective of this project is to study the employee referral program in “Alloysys Extrusion”. Employee Referral is one of the external sources of recruitment and an internal recruitment method employed by organizations to identify potential candidates from their existing employees' social networks. An employee referral scheme encourages a company's existing employees to select and recruit the suitable candidates from their social networks. As a reward, the employer typically pays the referring employee a referral bonus. The purpose of this study is based on encouraging employees to help the recruitment team in recruiting by referring right candidates.
A Study on Employee Absenteeism Jeppiaar Milk Product Pvt Ltd., Tiruvannamalai
The study entitled “A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE ABSENTEEISM” The main objective of the study is to identify the effectiveness of the performance appraisal system of JEPPIAAR MILK PRODUCT PRIVATE LIMITED The study was undertaken with the sample of 70 which are chosen Random sampling Method; the data collected were analyzed with the help of percentage and chi-square analysis. It was observed from the analysis that most of the respondents were aware of the performance appraisal system and has the favorable opinion about the company current system of performance appraisal. The study was concluded suggesting further improving in the providing system.