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How scientists can drive climate action: celebrate nature and promote hope

Rapid and accurate prediction of protein homo-oligomer symmetry using Seq2Symm

Abstract The majority of proteins must form higher-order assemblies to perform their biological functions, yet few machine learning models can accurately and rapidly predict the symmetry of assemblies involving multiple copies of the same protein chain. Here, we address this gap by finetuning several classes of protein foundation models, to predict homo-oligomer symmetry. Our best model named Seq2Symm, which utilizes ESM2, outperforms existing template-based and deep learning methods achieving an average AUC-PR of 0.47, 0.44 and 0.49 across homo-oligomer symmetries on three held-out test sets compared to 0.24, 0.24 and 0.25 with template-based search. Seq2Symm uses a single sequence as input and can predict at the rate of ~80,000 proteins/hour. We apply this method to 5 proteomes and ~3.5 million unlabeled protein sequences, showing its promise to be used in conjunction with downstream computationally intensive all-atom structure generation methods such as RoseTTAFold2 and AlphaFold2-multimer. Code, datasets, model are available at: https://github.com/microsoft/seq2symm .

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PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF KIGELIA PINNATA LINN LEAVES

Kigelia pinnata Linn. belongs to the family of Bignoniaceae and commonly called the "Sausage" tree because of its hugs fruits. This species of tree can reach 20 meters in height. Sausage like appearance with long cord like stalks. It also known as Balam Kheera in Hindi. This plant is commonly found throughout in western and southern India and a few species in the Himalayas. It is a large evergreen glabrous tree measuring 8-10 m in height, stem, and trunk straight with branches in all direction. Bark is thick black. The leaves are opposite, compound, with 3-5 pairs of leaflets plus a terminal leaflets oblong up to 6-10 cm, roughly hairy on both surfaces.In experimental work pharmacognostic and phytochemical parameters was find out such as physicochemical, preliminary-phytochemical and quantitative estimation of primary metabolites. The results of this experimental work shows that taxonomic characters, identification and to differentiate closely related species. And also, to find out active phytochemicals for further use.

Electrochemically in situ formed rocksalt phase in titanium dioxide determines pseudocapacitive sodium-ion storage

A REVIEW ON THE ANTIULCER POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS HERBAL EXTRACT IN DIFFERENT ANIMAL MODELS

Ulcers, particularly peptic ulcers, remain a significant health issue worldwide, primarily caused by factors like stress, Helicobacter pylori infection, excessive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and imbalances in gastric acid secretion. Although conventional medications like proton pump inhibitors and H2 antagonists are commonly used to treat ulcers, herbal remedies have garnered considerable attention due to their potential therapeutic benefits and minimal side effects. This review explores the antiulcer activity of various herbal extracts traditionally used in folk medicine. The bioactive compounds present in these herbs, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, etc have shown promising effects in promoting gastric mucosal healing, reducing acid secretion and protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation. Herbs like Aloe vera, Zingiber officinale, Nerium indicum, Carica papaya and Prunus persica have shown strong antiulcerogenic properties by mechanisms such as inhibiting gastric acid secretion, protecting the mucosa and boosting mucin production. Additionally, certain herbs possess antimicrobial activity against H. pylori, a key contributor to ulcer formation. Peptic ulcer disease can affect individuals of all ages, though it is more commonly seen in middle-aged adults and men. The prevalence of peptic ulcers has decreased in many parts of the world due to the use of antibiotics to treat H. pylori infections, though they remain common in certain populations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various herbal extracts, their pharmacological activities and their potential as effective antiulcer agents, emphasizing the need for further research and clinical trials to validate their efficacy and safety in ulcer treatment.

Unravelling the structure-stability interplay of O3-type layered sodium cathode materials via precision spacing engineering