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π-PrimeNovo: an accurate and efficient non-autoregressive deep learning model for de novo peptide sequencing
Type 2 diabetes prediction method based on dual-teacher knowledge distillation and feature enhancement
Heart-retina time analysis using electrocardiogram-coupled time-resolved dynamic optical coherence tomography
AbstractThe eye and the heart are two closely interlinked organs, and many diseases affecting the cardiovascular system manifest in the eye. To contribute to the understanding of blood flow propagation towards the retina, we developed a method to acquire electrocardiogram (ECG) coupled time-resolved dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. This method allows for continuous synchronised monitoring of the cardiac cycle and retinal blood flow dynamics. The dynamic OCT measurements were used to calculate time-resolved blood flow profiles using fringe washout analysis. The relative fringe washout was computed to generate the flow velocity profiles within arterioles at the optic nerve head rim. We found that the blood column between the heart and the retina propagates within one cardiac cycle, denoting the arrival time as the heart-retina time (HRT). In a group of healthy subjects, the HRT was 144 ± 19 ms (mean ± SD). The HRT could provide a novel potential biomarker for cardiovascular health in direct relation to retinal perfusion.
Performance and stability analysis of all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics in light-driven electrochemical water splitting
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the role of toll-like receptor signaling in pancreatic cancer
Applying the PROMETHEE II, WASPAS, and CoCoSo models for assessment of geotechnical hazards in TBM tunneling
MARTRE family proteins negatively regulate CCR4-NOT activity to protect poly(A) tail length and promote translation of maternal mRNA
Analyzing exosomal miRNA profiles in tetralogy of fallot fetuses’ amniotic fluid
Automatic X-ray teeth segmentation with grouped attention
A strategy to reduce thermal expansion and achieve higher mechanical properties in iron alloys
Measurement and spatio-temporal evolution of high-quality industrial development level in China
Effect of empagliflozin on weight in patients with prediabetes and diabetes
Multi-objective observational constraint of tropical Atlantic and Pacific low-cloud variability narrows uncertainty in cloud feedback
Conditions for shale gas accumulation and the gas-bearing factors of the Wufeng-Longmaxi formation in the Laifeng–Xianfeng area
Assessing the impact of community-based homestay experiences on tourist loyalty in sustainable rural tourism development
Trigger inducible tertiary lymphoid structure formation using covalent organic frameworks for cancer immunotherapy
Characterization and assessment of hydrogen leakage mechanisms in salt caverns
AbstractSalt caverns are widely regarded as a suitable option for the underground storage of hydrogen. However, an accurate assessment of the hydrogen leakage through the walls of salt caverns into the surrounding formations remains crucial. In this work, the flow of hydrogen into the surrounding formation is evaluated by assuming that salt rock consists of bundles of tortuous nano-capillary tubes. A formulation was then proposed to model the flow in linear and radial domains. The formulations are based on a newly proposed unified gas flow model that is valid for the entire range of Knudsen numbers and accounts for gas slippage, bulk diffusion, and Knudsen diffusion. A finite-difference approximation with an iterative procedure was then used to treat the nonlinearity and solve the presented formulations. The formulations were validated against the experimental data reported in the literature. The results obtained indicated that for hydrogen flow over a wide range of pore radii and operating pressures and temperatures, the slippage flow regime must be considered. In a salt cavern with relevant dimensions and operating conditions, the cumulative hydrogen leakage after 30 years of cyclic storage was only 0.36% of the maximum storage capacity. It was also noticed that most of the leaked hydrogen would flow back into the salt cavern at times when the pressure in the salt cavern is lower than the surrounding pressure, e.g. during production and subsequent idle times. At low storage pressure and very tight salt rock, diffusion was the most important mechanism for hydrogen transport. At a high pressure though, viscous flow became the predominant leakage mechanism. The presence of a thin interlayer such as mudstone, carbonate, and anhydrite in the body of the salt rock can have a significant impact on the amount of leakage. It appeared that although increasing the maximum operating pressure from 120 to 135 bar only led to an 11.9% increase in the maximum storage capacity, the hydrogen loss increased significantly from 0.007% at 120 bar to 0.36% at 135 bar. Furthermore, although the absolute leakage rate for natural gas storage was higher than that for hydrogen storage, the relative leakage rate in relation to the maximum salt cavern capacity was much lower. The leakage range was also lower for natural gas storage compared to hydrogen storage. The formulations presented and the results obtained in this study can help to have a better understanding of the salt caverns when it comes to large-scale hydrogen storage.