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Author Correction: TNF inhibitors target a mevalonate metabolite/TRPM2/calcium signaling axis in neutrophils to dampen vasculitis in Behçet’s disease

Phytochemical profile and in vitro evaluation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) foliage as ruminant feed with/without green banana flour

Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crucial crop in tropics and subtropics, primarily cultivated for its tuber. However, its foliage is rich in protein and can supply essential elements for ruminants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical compounds by Gas chromatography-MS (GC-MS) and the main phenolic by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) present in cassava foliage, along with the fermentation pattern using a semi-automated gas production (GP) system. The in vitro evaluation was carried out for four diets formulated as follows: T1 (alfalfa: grass hay at ratio of 30: 70); T2 (alfalfa: grass hay: banana flour 30:60:10); T3 and T4 (replaced alfalfa in T1 and T2 with cassava foliage, respectively). The addition of green banana flour aimed to increase the diets’ energy. The GC-MS results indicated that cassava foliage showed a large number of valuable bioactive components, with the biflavonoid isoginkgetin representing the major component at 25.33% of total peak area percentage. The HPLC analysis declared that rutin, gallic acid, and ferulic acid were the main phenolic compounds presented in cassava foliage ethanolic extract. The accumulative gas after 24 h of incubation was significantly lower with cassava diets compared to alfalfa diets, being 119.3 versus 130.1 ml/g DM, respectively. The degradation of both organic matter and neutral detergent fiber was significantly higher with alfalfa compared to cassava diets, while there was no significant difference between alfalfa and cassava diets on final pH, ammonia concentration and protozoal count. Banana flour inclusion, regardless of the forage type, decreased the accumulative gas after 24 h of incubation with about 9% compared with no banana addition. The use of cassava foliage in ruminant diets considered a promising protein source with valuable bioactive components that could have a positive effect on animal health and production.

A modular approach to catalytic stereoselective synthesis of chiral 1,2-diols and 1,3-diols

Floral morphological and chemical analyses of Dienia flowers (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) relative to pollination processes

Skillful seasonal predictions of continental East-Asian summer rainfall by integrating its spatio-temporal evolution

Efficient sex hormone biosensors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to evaluate human aromatase activity and inhibition

Unconventional hexagonal open Prussian blue analog structures

Determining optimum assembly zone for modular reconfigurable robots using multi-objective genetic algorithm

AbstractReconfigurable modular robots can be used in application domains such as exploration, logistics, and outer space. The robots should be able to assemble and work as a single entity to perform a task that requires high throughput. Selecting an optimum assembly position with minimum distance traveled by robots in an obstacle surrounding the environment is challenging. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach for optimizing the assembly zone of modular robots in heterogeneous obstacle environments. The method uses a multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (GA) to minimize total travel distance and individual distance disparities. Utilizing the A* algorithm for path planning ensures efficient navigation. A generic kinematic model enabling holonomic locomotion with any reconfiguration and a new modular robot design are also introduced. Hardware experiments have been conducted to validate the kinematic model’s applicability for holonomic navigation across different robot configurations. Simulations and physical experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in determining assembly zones, with GA outperforming multi-objective pattern search and random selection in terms of total distance and individual distances traveled by the robots.

Copper-catalyzed intermolecular Regio- and Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Alkenes with Prochiral Silanes

Pharmacological properties of biomimetic synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Coniothyrium chaingmaiense: KUMBMDBT-25

Multiscale X-ray scattering elucidates activation and deactivation of oxide-derived copper electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction

Explainable artificial intelligence with UNet based segmentation and Bayesian machine learning for classification of brain tumors using MRI images

Structural basis of human VANGL-PRICKLE interaction

Ultrasonographic accuracy in evaluating response of clipped lymph nodes in targeted axillary dissection in breast cancer

Author Correction: Multi-method evaluation of a 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)pyrrolidine corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl: combining gravimetric, electrochemical, and DFT approaches

Age and sex differences in the relationship of body weight changes with colon cancer risks: A nationwide cohort study

Validity and reliability of the brief form of the normative male alexithymia scale among Chinese patients after radical prostatectomy

Collision detection method for anchor digging machine water drilling rig

Abstract Loading water drilling rig on the anchor digging machine can effectively increase the tunneling efficiency. In order to avoid the interference between the water drilling rig and the anchor machine in the working process, it is necessary to calculate the joint variables of the drilling rig accurately. Using the robot kinematics analysis method, the kinematics model of the system is established. At the same time, combined with bounding box collision detection technology, the key parts of the equipment are mathematically modeled. A method for collision detection of onboard water exploration and drainage drilling rig of anchor digging machine is proposed. The simulation results show : The designed collision detection method can be used to guide the attitude adjustment of the equipment during the drilling operation of the equipment, and can accurately analyze the interference characteristics and collision detection of the equipment. It provides a theoretical basis for the automatic excavation of the research object and the automatic control of drilling. The azimuth adjustment range of the water drilling rig for the experiment is : ± 15°, and the pitch angle adjustment range is : + 5° to -10°.

Development of the membrane ceiling method for in vitro spermatogenesis

AbstractSpermatogenesis is one of the most complex processes of cell differentiation and its failure is a major cause of male infertility. Therefore, a proper model that recapitulates spermatogenesis in vitro has been long sought out for basic and clinical research. Testis organ culture using the gas-liquid interphase method has been shown to support spermatogenesis in mice and rats. However, the conventional method using agarose gel has limitations including medium replacement efficiency and live imaging because agarose absorbs medium and is not transparent. To overcome this issue, we developed a new device using microporous membranes and oxygen-permeable materials. Mouse testes sandwiched between a microporous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane on top and an oxygen-permeable 4-polymethyl-1-pentene polymer (PMP) membrane base maintained spermatogenesis over months. The chamber volume was minimized to 0.1% of the culture medium. Weekly time-lapse live imaging enabled us to observe transgenically fluorescent acrosome and nuclear shape formation throughout spermatogenesis. Finally, we obtained healthy fertile offspring from spermatozoa generated in our system. The device could be used not only for basic research to understand spermatogenesis but also for applied research, such as diagnosing and treating male infertility.

Quantitative expression of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 and their correlation with immunohistochemistry in breast cancer at Uganda Cancer Institute

The detection of Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is important for the stratification of breast cancer and the selection of therapeutic modalities. This study aimed to determine the quantitative expression of ER, PR and HER-2 using Immunohistochemistry and their correlation with quantitative baseline Ct values measured using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This study also assessed the use of fresh breast tissue biopsies preserved in RNAlater solution in the quantitative detection of these receptors using PCR technique. The study evaluated 20 matched formalin fixed paraffin embedded and RNAlater preserved samples for ER, PR, and HER-2 using IHC and quantitative PCR technique. One portion of the breast tissue biopsy was fixed immediately in 10% neutral buffered formalin and another was preserved in RNAlater. After the histological confirmation of breast cancer by the H&E technique, formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues (FFPE)—positive cases were matched with their corresponding RNAlater samples for IHC and qPCR. The extracted RNA was quantified using Nanodrop technology, resulting into complementary DNA. ER and PR using IHC were expressed in 60% (n = 12) of the study samples and were negative in 40% (n = 8) of samples. HER-2 was negative in 70% (n = 14) of study samples, 25% (n = 5) positive, and 5% (n = 1) equivocal. With the quantitative expression of ER, PR, and HER-2 being reported in the IHC triple—negative breast cancer cases. The mean Ct values for the hormonal receptors correlated with what has been previously studied with ER at 19.631, PR at 25.410 and HER-2 at 25.695. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean Ct values of RNAlater and FFPE with their P-values being 0.9919, 0.0896 and < 0.0001 for ER, PR, and HER-2 respectively. P-values; 0.9919 and 0.0896 for ER and PR respectively being greater than 0.05 it’s a borderline significance although HER-2 had a statistical significance. With a concordance in the detection of these breast cancer hormonal receptors, qPCR can be used in our setting considering the delays that may be associated in following the samples through IHC processing.