Browse Articles

Partner perceptions during brief online interactions shape partner selection and cooperation

Evolutionary theory suggests that partner selection – the ability to identify and preferentially interact with individuals willing (warmth) and able (competence) to work towards mutual benefits – is a key driver of cooperative behavior. However, partner selection is complex, requiring the integration of various information, such as impression formation and task affordances. Despite its importance, there is limited research on the effect of these factors on partner selection for cooperative tasks. Thus, this paper investigates how person perceptions (warmth and competence), task affordances, and facial and acoustic nonverbal behavior inform partner selection for cooperative tasks. For this purpose, we asked participants to select partners for a task that either expressed warmth- or competence-related traits. Participants had a 3-minute (online) conversation with up to five individuals, reported their evaluations, selected partners for the task, and then engaged in the task. Results indicate that person perceptions guide partner selection, with each trait being more predictive in relevant tasks. Additionally, we found that the perceptions of warmth, but not competence, can be predicted by facial and acoustic cues during conversations. Lastly, we find that in the context of online social interactions, individuals were more cooperative towards selected participants than unselected. We discuss these implications in the context of the theory of partner selection and offer insights on how these results can be used in future efforts for designing socially intelligent artificial systems that support partner selection decisions.

Optimization of bile preparation for liquid biopsy in cholangiocarcinoma focusing on circulating tumor DNA and protein stability

Rational Design Principles for <i>De Novo</i> α-Helical Peptide Barrels with Dynamic Conductive Channels

Polish adaptation of ‘Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure’ scale

Background Adverse childhood experiences, such as abuse, maltreatment or neglect, can lead to many mental disorders and emotional and social difficulties. Objective The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the ‘Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure’ (MACE) questionnaire to Polish socio-cultural conditions. Participants and setting The study involved 330 adult, white people (60.8% women); aged between 18 and 86 years (M =  41.01; SD =  14.67), with and without a psychiatric diagnosis. Methods Convergent validity was assessed by comparing MACE (PL) scores with the CTQ (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and ACE (Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire), while predictive validity was determined by examining the relationships between MACE (PL) scores and the SCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90). The psychometric properties of the scale were assessed using Rasch analysis, which evaluated item fit, difficulty, and person separation. Internal consistency was measured using the Kuder Richardson coefficient (KR-20). The Polish version of MACE demonstrated good reliability, as indicated by high internal consistency (KR-20) and findings from Rasch analysis. Results The Polish version of MACE, after analysis, included a total of 58 items combined into 10 scales. The Polish version of the scale showed high internal consistency, measured using the Kuder-Richardson formula (KR-20). The results of the Polish version of MACE showed strong and positive correlations with the scores of CTQ and ACE. These correlations were particularly evident for the overall MACE scores and subscales such as MACE SUM, MACE Multiplicity, and MACE Duration. Correlations for physical neglect and emotional neglect were moderate but statistically significant (r =  0.49, p &lt;  0.001; r =  0.46, p &lt;  0.001). MACE scores were positively correlated with SCL-90 and ACE results, indicating high predictive validity in relation to psychopathological symptoms. The correlations between MACE and SCL-90 were moderate but significant, suggesting that MACE effectively predicts psychopathological symptoms associated with childhood trauma. Most MACE subscales showed moderate reliability (0.5–0.8), except for the PVA and SEXA subscales, which demonstrated high internal consistency (KR20 &gt;  0.8). Conclusion The Polish version of MACE demonstrates solid convergent validity, predictive validity, and psychometric reliability, making it a valuable tool for assessing experiences of maltreatment and neglect during childhood in both research and clinical practice. Assessing the history of adverse childhood experiences using the MACE can provide a more precise understanding of how the type and timing of these experiences influence outcomes. This, in turn, sheds light on the mechanisms underlying health and the common pathways contributing to overlapping symptom spectrums. In summary, the MACE appears to be a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers aiming to retrospectively assess the types, timing, and duration of childhood maltreatment experiences during sensitive developmental periods in adulthood.

A new dynamic model of supply boundary at low pressure in tight gas reservoir

Structural Context Modulates the Conformational Ensemble of the Intrinsically Disordered Amino Terminus of α-Synuclein

The two-stage location model for multi-construction period of material warehouses

This article proposes a two-stage location model to construct a unified construction plan for multi-construction period material warehouses in the distribution network. Initially, we propose a honeycomb grid partitioning method aimed at managing the time-scale of electric power material demand through effective grid administration. Subsequently, we develop an optimization model for the first stage, which identifies the threshold for the upper limit of material transportation time and establishes the construction objectives for material warehousing during each construction period. To address the challenge posed by the inconsistent locations of material warehouses across different construction periods, we formulate an optimization model for the second stage. Finally, based on the spatial distribution of power demand in Taizhou City’s distribution network, we devise a comprehensive construction plan for a material warehouse system that spans four construction periods. By adding nine material warehouse locations, we achieve a reduction of 57.14% in the maximum transportation time for electric power materials. The method proposed in this article provides a general solution for the long-term planning of persistent structures by converting long-term planning into construction goals across multiple stages.

An Amplificative Detection Approach for Autocatalytic Sensing of Ethylene

Experiences and perceptions of meals on wheels volunteers in providing nutritional care to older adults: A qualitative evidence synthesis

In the community, Meals on Wheels (MoW) programmes are instrumental in the delivery of meals to nutritionally vulnerable older adults. This qualitative evidence synthesis aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences among volunteers of MoW services of their role in supporting nutrition care. Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched employing qualitative data collection and analysis methods. Results were synthesized using Thomas and Harden’s three step approach for thematic synthesis. Three articles were included and two themes were identified: (1) complexity in coordinating MoW to ensure service delivery, and (2) the MoW volunteers’ perception of their role in providing nutrition care was eclipsed by the social element of their role. While MoW is pivotal to support older adults’ independence, challenges like staffing, funding constraints, and limited community awareness of the service persist. Volunteers’ express positivity but face concerns about time commitment and replacement recruitment. Exploring MoW volunteers’ broader roles in food insecurity is imperative to understand and address the complex dynamics of providing nutrition care and support to older adults.

Molecular Design Principles for Photoactive Transition Metal Complexes: A Guide for “Photo-Motivated” Chemists

Retraction: Risk factor analysis combined with deep learning in the risk assessment of overseas investment of enterprises

How Temperature Change Affects the Lattice Parameters, Molecular Conformation, and Reaction Cavity in Enantiomeric and Racemic Crystals of Thalidomide

The impact of social welfare support on mental health in Vietnam

This study examines the impact of government support on mental health in Vietnam using Vietnam’s Households Living Standard Surveys in 2018 and 2020 and a probit estimator. Characteristics of the households and the households’ heads are also examined. We find that government support tends to worsen mental health in Vietnam, implying the current Government support is insufficient to improve mental health in households, particularly during stressful times during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female-headed households appear to experience a more significant mental health deterioration compared to their counterparts, whereas households living in urban areas are mentally struggling compared to those living in rural areas. Our results also indicate that mental health deterioration exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with age, implying mental health appears to be a significant issue for young individuals in Vietnam. Household incomes and assets act as a buffer against mental health deterioration. These findings support the view that mental health deterioration appears to emerge from financial distress. Households suffer mental health deterioration if their financial circumstances are not improved and support from the government is insufficient.

Mechanistic Characterization of Diterpene Synthase Pairs for Tricyclic Diterpenes from Cyanobacteria

Plasma-lyte solution versus saline in kidney transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Introduction The optimal intravenous fluid for kidney transplantation (KT) is still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of plasma-lyte solution (PL) versus saline (NS) in kidney transplantation. Materials and methods A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing plasma-lyte and saline in kidney transplantation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. Meta-analyses of delayed graft function (DGF), creatinine levels, urine output, blood pH, bicarbonate, base excess, electrolytes, serum chloride, potassium and sodium immediately post-surgery were performed. Results Totally six randomized controlled studies with 1197 patients were included. In comparison to the NS group, the PL group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of DGF (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.86, P =  0.002) and reduced serum chloride (MD: -8.87, 95% CI: -13.50 to -4.25, P = 0.0002) as well as serum sodium(MD: -1.08, 95% CI: -1.54 to -0.61, P &lt;  0.00001), while blood pH(MD: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.07, P &lt;  0.00001), bicarbonate (MD: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.97, P = 0.005), and base excess levels (MD: 2.42, 95% CI: 0.72 to 4.11, P &lt;  0.00001) were significantly elevated. No statistically significant differences were observed in creatinine, urine output, or potassium concentrations between two groups. Conclusions This meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety between plasma-lyte and saline in kidney transplantation. Plasma-lyte reduced delayed graft function in kidney transplant compared to saline. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42024588701).

Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Halonitrobenzenes by Platinum Nanoparticles with Auxiliary Co–N₄ Single Sites in Sandwiched Catalysts

Dynamic failure characteristics and acoustic emission response mechanism of coal mass with various coal burst liabilities

Coal burst liability is a key influencing factor for the occurrence of impact rock burst disaster. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on coal bodies with various coal burst liabilities to analyze the dynamic failure characteristics of typical coal bodies, dimension (fractal dimension is a measure to describe the irregular shape of complex body), and acoustic emission (AE) energy characteristics after the coal and rock failure under loading and to investigate the failure characteristics of coal bodies with various coal burst liabilities and their AE response laws. The results show that (1) the stronger the coal burst liability, the more transient and intense the failure, the faster the kinetic energy of the crushed particles, and the more apparent the brittle failure characteristics, (2) the fractal dimension values of the crushed particles of the coal specimens have a positive correlation with coal burst liability; the stronger the coal burst liability of the coal body, the higher the degree of specimen fragmentation, and the larger the fractal dimension value, and (3)the cumulative AE energy of coal bodies with various coal burst liabilities increases significantly and evolves in a “step” pattern before the stress approaches its peak. As the coal burst liability of the coal body changes from zero to strong, the cumulative AE energy experiences a longer calm period, the width of the “step” becomes narrower, and the stored energy of the coal body gradually shifts from phase dissipation to instantaneous release. The correlation between AE parameters and coal burst liability was investigated to provide an experimental basis for AE monitoring and early warning of coal or rock fracture and rock burst.

Ligand-Controlled Regioselective Dearomative Vicinal and Conjugate Hydroboration of Quinolines

Correction: Histone acetylation-mediated regulation of the Hippo pathway

Bilayer Kagome Ferrimagnet Exhibiting Exceptional Spontaneous Exchange Bias in TbMn₆(Ge,Ga)₆