Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Drug discovery and mechanism prediction with explainable graph neural networks
Plasma concentration of MMP-17 is elevated in boys with cryptorchidism and correlates with HSP-70
Glia detect and transiently protect against dendrite substructure disruption in C. elegans
The analysis on forest farmers’ intention to participate in construction of the National Reserve Forest Project and its driving factors
Fault diagnosis of rotating parts integrating transfer learning and ConvNeXt model
Compound electron acceleration at planetary foreshocks
AbstractShock waves, the interface of supersonic and subsonic plasma flows, are the primary region for charged particle acceleration in multiple space plasma systems, including Earth’s bow shock, which is readily accessible for in-situ measurements. Spacecraft frequently observe relativistic electron populations within this region, characterized by energy levels surpassing those of solar wind electrons by a factor of 10,000 or more. However, mechanisms of such strong acceleration remain elusive. Here we use observations of electrons with energies up to 200 kiloelectron volts and a data-constrained model to reproduce the observed power-law electron spectrum and demonstrate that the acceleration by more than 4 orders of magnitude is a compound process including a complex, multi-step interaction between more commonly known mechanisms and resonant scattering by several distinct plasma wave modes. The proposed model of electron acceleration addresses a decades-long issue of the generation of energetic (and relativistic) electrons at planetary plasma shocks. This work may further guide numerical simulations of even more effective electron acceleration in astrophysical shocks.
Advantages of different dietary supplements for elite combat sports athletes: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Key frame extraction algorithm for surveillance videos using an evolutionary approach
Sulfur-locked multiple resonance emitters for high performance orange-red/deep-red OLEDs
The influence of ammonia-N and salinity levels on oxidative stress markers, hepatic enzymes, and acid phosphatase activity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Data-driven automated job shop scheduling optimization considering AGV obstacle avoidance
All-solid-state batteries designed for operation under extreme cold conditions
5,7-Dihydroxyflavone acts on eNOS to achieve hypotensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Polypharmacy or potentially inappropriate medications among older adults with COVID-19 in a secondary hospital in China and their association with mortality
A soft thermal sensor for the continuous assessment of flow in vascular access
AbstractHemodialysis for chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on vascular access (VA) devices, such as arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), grafts (AVG), or catheters, to maintain blood flow. Nonetheless, unpredictable progressive vascular stenosis due to neointimal formation or complete occlusion from acute thrombosis remains the primary cause of mature VA failure. Despite emergent surgical intervention efforts, the lack of a reliable early detection tool significantly reduces patient outcomes and survival rates. This study introduces a soft, wearable device that continuously monitors blood flow for early detection of VA failure. Using thermal anemometry, integrated sensors noninvasively measure flow changes in large vessels. Bench testing with AVF and AVG models shows agreement with finite element analysis (FEA) simulations, while human and preclinical swine trials demonstrate the device’s sensitivity. Wireless adaptation could enable at-home monitoring, improving detection of VA-related complications and survival in CKD patients.
Modifiable Risk Factors for Stroke in Syria: A Nationwide Multi-centre Case-Control Study
Influence of subclinical hypothyroidism and brain-derived neurotropic factor on telomere length dynamics in type 1 diabetic pregnancies and their newborns
NHSL3 controls single and collective cell migration through two distinct mechanisms
AbstractThe molecular mechanisms underlying cell migration remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that knock-out cells for NHSL3, the most recently identified member of the Nance-Horan Syndrome family, are more persistent than parental cells in single cell migration, but that, in wound healing, follower cells are impaired in their ability to follow leader cells. The NHSL3 locus encodes several isoforms. We identify the partner repertoire of each isoform using proteomics and predict direct partners and their binding sites using an AlphaFold2-based pipeline. Rescue with specific isoforms, and lack of rescue when relevant binding sites are mutated, establish that the interaction of a long isoform with MENA/VASP proteins is critical at cell-cell junctions for collective migration, while the interaction of a short one with 14-3-3θ in lamellipodia is critical for single cell migration. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NHSL3 regulates single and collective cell migration through distinct mechanisms.