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Hyperspectral inversion of heavy metal content in farmland soil under conservation tillage of black soils
A novel and efficient digital image steganography technique using least significant bit substitution
Carbene-catalyzed chirality-controlled site-selective acylation of saccharides
Enhanced photovoltaic panel diagnostics through AI integration with experimental DC to DC Buck Boost converter implementation
Clinical predictive model of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention
Nitrile-aminothiol bioorthogonal near-infrared fluorogenic probes for ultrasensitive in vivo imaging
A systematic review and meta-analysis on light therapy for sleep disorders in shift workers
Post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defects: incidence and treatment trends during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Genome-wide characterization of 54 urinary metabolites reveals molecular impact of kidney function
AbstractDissecting the genetic mechanisms underlying urinary metabolite concentrations can provide molecular insights into kidney function and open possibilities for causal assessment of urinary metabolites with risk factors and disease outcomes. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics provides a high-throughput means for urinary metabolite profiling, as widely applied for blood biomarker studies. Here we report a genome-wide association study meta-analysed for 3 European cohorts comprising 8,011 individuals, covering both people with type 1 diabetes and general population settings. We identify 54 associations (p < 9.3 × 10−10) for 19 of 54 studied metabolite concentrations. Out of these, 33 were not reported previously for relevant urinary or blood metabolite traits. Subsequent two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis suggests that estimated glomerular filtration rate causally affects 13 urinary metabolite concentrations whereas urinary ethanolamine, an initial precursor for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, was associated with higher eGFR lending support for a potential protective role. Our study provides a catalogue of genetic associations for 53 metabolites, enabling further investigation on how urinary metabolites are linked to human health.
Global stability boundary analysis and verification of aviation pressure servo-controlled actuator system
Identification of deposits from modern and ancient large tsunamis by means of environmental DNA
AbstractWe examined the potential of environmental DNA (eDNA) for identifying tsunami deposits in the geological record using lake-bottom sediments in the Tohoku region, Japan. The presence of eDNA from marine organisms in a lacustrine event deposit provides very strong evidence that the deposit was formed by an influx of water from the ocean. The diverse DNA assemblage in the deposit formed by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami included DNA of marine origin indicating that eDNA has potential as an identifying proxy for tsunami deposits. Subsequently, we examined the applicability of eDNA for recognizing paleo-tsunami events using the deposits formed by the 869 CE Jogan tsunami and a prehistoric event (2400–2900 cal year BP). The taxa detected in the tsunami deposits were markedly different from those of the background sediments. Many taxa that were represented in the Jogan tsunami deposit were also detected in the layer immediately above the tsunami deposit. This layer was indistinguishable from the overlying peat by visual observation, but the eDNA results suggest that it is likely to be a muddy tsunami deposit. The results of this study indicate that eDNA has the potential to elucidate the origin of event deposits that have been difficult to identify.
Automatic feature selection and weighting in molecular systems using Differentiable Information Imbalance
Local-non-local complementary learning network for 3D point cloud analysis
Projected changes in climate extremes over Tanzania
Abstract Understanding projected changes in climate extremes at local and regional scales is critical for reducing society’s vulnerability to such extremes, as it helps to devise informed adaptation strategies and contributes to informed decision-making processes. In this paper, we analysed projected changes in climate extremes across regions in Tanzania using outputs of high-resolution regional climate models from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment program (CORDEX-Africa). The indices analysed here are those recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) to characterise climate extremes over different regions. The results revealed that Tanzania would experience an increased number of warm days and nights during the present (2011–2040), mid (2041–2070), and end centuries under the RCP4.5 emission scenarios. Further, projections reveal that in future climate conditions, heavy, very heavy and exceptionally heavy rainfall events would dominate over regions along coast, central regions, northwestern parts and southwestern and northeastern highland.The number of consecutive wet days (CWDs) are likely to increase across large areas of Tanzania and more rapidily over coastal regions than that in other regions for all seasons. However, many regions in Tanzania are likely to experience an unchanged to decreasing number of consecutive dry days (CDDs). Areas along coastal regions would experience increased intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events in the present, mid, and end centuries under the RCP4.5 emission scenario. These increases in extreme climate events are likely to pose significant damage to property, destruction of infrastructure, and other socioeconomic livelihoods for people in many regions of Tanzania. It is therefore recommended that appropriate policies are put in place to help different sectors and communities at large adapt the impacts of climate change in the future climate under RCP 4.5 scenario.
An aperiodic chiral tiling by topological molecular self-assembly
Abstract Studying the self-assembly of chiral molecules in two dimensions offers insights into the fundamentals of crystallization. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we examine an uncommon aggregation of polyaromatic chiral molecules on a silver surface. Dense packing is achieved through a chiral triangular tiling of triads, with N and N ± 1 molecules at the edges. The triangles feature a random distribution of mirror-isomers, with a significant excess of one isomer. Chirality at the domain boundaries causes a lateral shift, producing three distinct topological defects where six triangles converge. These defects partially contribute to the formation of supramolecular spirals. The observation of different equal-density arrangements suggests that entropy maximization must play a crucial role. Despite the potential for regular patterns, all observed tiling is aperiodic. Differences from previously reported aperiodic molecular assemblies, such as Penrose tiling, are discussed. Our findings demonstrate that two-dimensional molecular self-assembly can be governed by topological constraints, leading to aperiodic tiling induced by intermolecular forces.