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Distribution changes of Ormosia microphylla under different climatic scenarios
Development and validation of PCR marker array for molecular selection towards spring, vernalization-independent and winter, vernalization-responsive ecotypes of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)
Abstract White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is an ancient grain legume that is still undergoing improvement of domestication traits, including vernalization-responsiveness, providing frost tolerance and preventing winter flowering in autumn-sowing agriculture, and vernalization-independence, conferring drought escape by rapid flowering in spring-sowing. A recent genome-wide association study highlighted several loci significantly associated with the most contrasting phenotypes, including deletions in the promoter of the FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog, LalbFTc1, and some DArT-seq/silicoDArT loci. The present study aimed to develop and validate a versatile PCR marker array enabling molecular selection of spring- and winter-type white lupin ecotypes. Candidate DArT-seq and silicoDArT loci were transformed into cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) or derived CAPS markers. Developed markers, together with those previously published for LalbFTc1 INDELs and quantitative trait loci from linkage maps, were implemented for screening of white lupin germplasm panel subjected to 2-year phenotyping of phenology traits. Three DArT-seq, two silicoDArT and seven LalbFTc1 INDEL markers were positively validated, constituting a convenient PCR-based marker assay for rapid and accurate reselection of white lupin germplasm towards early flowering and thermoneutrality or late flowering and vernalization-responsiveness, as well as for tracking high genetic and phenotypic diversity within white lupin landraces, revealed in the present study.
Construction and validation of nomograms to predict central lymph node metastasis in clinical node-negative unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma
Scaffold-enabled high-resolution cryo-EM structure determination of RNA
Abstract Cryo-EM structure determination of protein-free RNAs has remained difficult with most attempts yielding low to moderate resolution and lacking nucleotide-level detail. These difficulties are compounded for small RNAs as cryo-EM is inherently more difficult for lower molecular weight macromolecules. Here we present a strategy for fusing small RNAs to a group II intron that yields high resolution structures of the appended RNA. We demonstrate this technology by determining the structures of the 86-nucleotide (nt) thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) riboswitch aptamer domain and the recently described 210-nt raiA bacterial non-coding RNA involved in sporulation and biofilm formation. In the case of the TPP riboswitch aptamer domain, the scaffolding approach allowed visualization of the riboswitch ligand binding pocket at 2.5 Å resolution. We also determined the structure of the ligand-free apo state and observe that the aptamer domain of the riboswitch adopts an open Y-shaped conformation in the absence of ligand. Using this scaffold approach, we determined the structure of raiA at 2.5 Å in the core. Our versatile scaffolding strategy enables efficient RNA structure determination for a broad range of small to moderate-sized RNAs, which were previously intractable for high-resolution cryo-EM studies.
Research on the effect of eco-friendly additives on selected parameters and microbial decomposition of marine diesel oil (MDO)
Oceanic evasion fuels Arctic summertime rebound of atmospheric mercury and drives transport to Arctic terrestrial ecosystems
A novel IoT-based approach using fractional fuzzy Hamacher aggregation operators application in revolutionizing healthcare selection
Author Correction: A bioabsorbable mechanoelectric fiber as electrical stimulation suture
Hypoglycemia and hospital mortality in critically ill patients
Author Correction: Discovery of orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitor as a potential treatment for COVID-19
Analysis and optimization of threaded shear energy absorbing components of collision resistance hydraulic support columns
Engineered CRISPR-Cas9 for Streptomyces sp. genome editing to improve specialized metabolite production
Tailoring PbTe quantum dot Size and morphology via ligand composition
Publisher Correction: Critical functions for STAT5 tetramers in the maturation and survival of natural killer cells
The influence of different drying techniques on polyphenols profile (LC–MS-PDA-Q/TOF) of peach fruit and their pro-health properties by in vitro
Starch-rich plant foods 780,000 y ago: Evidence from Acheulian percussive stone tools
In contrast to animal foods, wild plants often require long, multistep processing techniques that involve significant cognitive skills and advanced toolkits to perform. These costs are thought to have hindered how hominins used these foods and delayed their adoption into our diets. Through the analysis of starch grains preserved on basalt anvils and percussors, we demonstrate that a wide variety of plants were processed by Middle Pleistocene hominins at the site of Gesher Benot Ya’aqov in Israel (33° 00’ 30” N, 35° 37’ 30” E), at least 780,000 y ago. These results further indicate the advanced cognitive abilities of our early ancestors, including their ability to collect plants from varying distances and from a wide range of habitats and to mechanically process them using percussive tools.
Spatiotemporal observation of surface plasmon polariton mediated ultrafast demagnetization
Abstract Surface plasmons offer a promising avenue in the pursuit of swift and localized manipulation of magnetism for advanced magnetic storage and information processing technology. However, observing and understanding spatiotemporal interactions between surface plasmons and spins remains challenging, hindering optimal optical control of magnetism. Here, we demonstrate the spatiotemporal observation of patterned ultrafast demagnetization dynamics in permalloy mediated by propagating surface plasmon polaritons with sub-picosecond time- and sub-μm spatial- scales by employing Lorentz ultrafast electron microscopy combined with excitation through transient optical gratings. We discover correlated spatial distributions of demagnetization amplitude and surface plasmon polariton intensity, the latter characterized by photo-induced near-field electron microscopy. Furthermore, by comparing the results with patterned ultrafast demagnetization dynamics without surface plasmon polariton interaction, we show that the demagnetization is not only enhanced but also exhibits a spatiotemporal modulation near a spatial discontinuity (plasmonic hot spot). Our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between surface plasmons and spins, offer insights into the optimized control of optical excitation of magnetic materials and push the boundaries of ultrafast manipulation of magnetism.
Understanding metro station areas’ functional characteristics via embedding representation: A case study of shanghai
Abstract As crucial transportation hubs for urban travel, metro stations catalyze the transformation of their surrounding areas into highly prominent locations where many activities converge. Uncovering the functional attributes of station areas holds immense significance in comprehending citizens’ activity demands, thereby offering valuable insights for regional development and planning in proximity to metro stations. This study introduces a framework that improves the process of accurately representing station areas. On the basis of the semantic vectors of point of interests (POI) categories trained by the GloVe model, the partition smooth inverse frequency (P-SIF) model and affinity propagation (AP) are employed to generate the embedding representations of station areas and categorize. Finally, we classify the station areas into 9 functional groups: and analyse the spatial distribution characteristics of each group. It is found that most of the station areas in Shanghai show the characteristics of mixed type, in which the characteristics of residential type and commercial type are obvious. In terms of spatial, the stations with commercial characteristics are mainly distributed in the central area of the city, while those with residential and working characteristics are scattered.