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Genetically encoded affinity reagents are a toolkit for visualizing and manipulating endogenous protein function in vivo
Severity and factors associated with pain in patients on mechanical ventilators in Amhara region, North-West Ethiopia: a multi-center prospective observational study
Unveiling diversity and adaptations of the wild tomato Microbiome in their center of origin in the Ecuadorian Andes
Abstract Microbiome assembly has been studied for many plant species and is recognized as a key driver of plant growth and plant tolerance to (a)biotic stresses. To date, assembly of the tomato rhizosphere microbiome has been investigated primarily for commercial varieties and field soils subjected to agricultural management practices, whereas the microbiome of wild tomato genotypes in their native habitats remains largely unexplored. This research focused on distinct populations of Solanum pimpinellifolium in three natural habitats in the Ecuadorian Andes to identify the taxonomic and functional diversity of their rhizosphere microbiome. The results showed that, despite genotypic differences among the wild tomato populations, different soil types and soil microbiome compositions, the rhizosphere microbiome showed strikingly compositional similarity across the three habitats. Proteobacteria, in particular taxa classified as Enterobacteriaceae, and specific unclassified fungal taxa were highly represented in the rhizosphere of S. pimpinellifolum. Metagenomic analyses suggested that the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae on wild tomato roots may be explained by several traits, in particular nutrient competition, motility, iron acquisition, membrane transport, stress response, and plant hormone biosynthesis. These results reveal a conserved microbiome signature associated with wild tomato rhizosphere in their center of origin. Just as the genomes of wild crop ancestors provide a valuable source of beneficial traits for breeding cultivated varieties, exploring their microbiome in native environments could uncover microbial taxa and traits that similarly contribute to crop growth and health.
Anisotropic bounding surface plasticity model for soils
Nano ordered polyacrylonitrile-grafted chitosan as a robust biopolymeric catalyst for efficient synthesis of highly substituted pyrrole derivatives
Novel machine learning approach for enhanced smart grid power use and price prediction using advanced shark Smell-Tuned flexible support vector machine
Glycine betaine treatment extends the shelf life and retards cap browning of button mushrooms
Benthic communities on restored coral reefs confer equivalent aesthetic value to healthy reefs
Abstract Coral reefs are valuable ecosystems that provide diverse ecosystem services to people. For example, many reefs have exceptionally high tourism value, attracting visitors to experience their ecologically and visually rich reef habitat. However, human-induced degradation can alter ecosystem services, such as when damaged reefs lose their visual appeal. Coral restoration has become a common response to reef degradation, but restoration success is usually evaluated based on coral cover increases rather than ecosystem service recovery. Here, we quantify the aesthetic value of restored reefs at one of the world’s largest coral restoration projects, compared to nearby healthy and degraded reefs. Using deep learning models trained on people’s visual preferences, we estimated the aesthetic value of coral reef benthic photographs with high prediction accuracy (R2 = 0.95). Restored reefs exhibited aesthetic value that was statistically equivalent to healthy reefs and significantly higher than degraded reefs. High aesthetic value was primarily driven by colour diversity and live coral cover, which were both higher in healthy and restored reefs than degraded reefs. Taken together, these results demonstrate the recovery of aesthetic value towards a healthy state after large-scale restoration, indicating that coral restoration can support vital tourism services and well-being contributions to people.
Lower cholesterol level on admission predicts poor outcome after prolonged cardiac arrest
Calcineurin targets that mediate <i>Cryptococcus</i> thermotolerance
Frailty and depressive symptoms in relation to cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and older adults
Accelerating water dissociation to achieve ampere-level hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis in brine and seawater
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4-mediated glutamatergic signaling reshapes the tumor microenvironment by regulating dendritic cell maturation
The identification Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes that modulate long term survival in the presence of rifampicin and streptomycin
Abstract In 2023, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) caused 10.6 million new tuberculosis cases and 1.3 million deaths. The WHO proscribed treatment is not always successful, even when strains were sensitive to the antibiotics.as clinical Mtb populations contain phenotypically tolerant subpopulations, termed persisters. Here a Mtb transposon library was challenged with rifampicin (RIF) and streptomycin (STM) under conditions designed to identify genes that modulate persister frequency. Mutants with reduced survival in RIF were predominantly in genes associated with membrane integrity e.g. arabinogalactan assembly genes cpsA/lytR/Psr, whilst for STM, reduced survival was associated with toxin/antitoxin genes. Some mutations enhanced survival. For RIF these included the methyl citrate cycle genes prpC, prpD and prpR, and the trkA-C K+ uptake system genes ceoB and Rv2690, and for STM, the resistance associated gene, gidB, and anion-transport genes Rv3679c and Rv3680c. Few genes overlapped the RIF and STM selections, demonstrating that survival mechanisms were antibiotic-specific. Directed deletions of ΔprpD and ΔfadE5 confirmed their predicted enhanced and reduced RIF fitness respectively. The study identified genes that modulate not only persister frequency but also resistance and tolerance, and demonstrates that the mechanisms that produce these phenotypes are diverse and antibiotic-specific.