Browse Articles

A stratified precision screening strategy for enhancing hepatitis B- and C-associated liver cancer detection: a prospective study

Ancient shackles testify to brutality of Egypt’s gold mines

Global floating kelp forests have limited protection despite intensifying marine heatwave threats

Abstract Kelp forests are one of the earth’s most productive ecosystems and are at great risk from climate change, yet little is known regarding their current conservation status and global future threats. Here, by combining a global remote sensing dataset of floating kelp forests with climate data and projections, we find that exposure to projected marine heatwaves will increase ~6 to ~16 times in the long term (2081–2100) compared to contemporary (2001–2020) exposure. While exposure will intensify across all regions, some southern hemisphere areas which have lower exposure to contemporary and projected marine heatwaves may provide climate refugia for floating kelp forests. Under these escalating threats, less than 3% of global floating kelp forests are currently within highly restrictive marine protected areas (MPAs), the most effective MPAs for protecting biodiversity. Our findings emphasize the urgent need to increase the global protection of floating kelp forests and set bolder climate adaptation goals.

Fractal and chaotic map-enhanced grey wolf optimization for robust fire detection in deep convolutional neural networks

Why cutting is easier than tearing elastomers

Efficient fault diagnosis in rolling bearings lightweight hybrid model

Electro-activated indigos intensify ampere-level CO2 reduction to CO on silver catalysts

Experimental and numerical investigation on shock wave attenuation in a chamber

Stereoselective synthesis of tetra- and tri-substituted alkenyl nitriles via aminative ring-opening of cyclopropenes with iron-aminyl radical

Modeling the compressive strength behavior of concrete reinforced with basalt fiber

Pyrroline Ring Assembly via N-Prenylation and Oxidative Carbocyclization during Biosynthesis of Aeruginosin Derivatives

Covalent adduct Grob fragmentation underlies LSD1 demethylase-specific inhibitor mechanism of action and resistance

The impact of a high fat diet and platelet activation on pre-metastatic niche formation

Impact of prenatal phthalate exposure on newborn metabolome and infant neurodevelopment

Abstract We evaluated associations among exposure to prenatal phthalate metabolites, perturbations of the newborn metabolome, and infant neurobehavioral functioning in mother-newborn pairs enrolled in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort during 2016–2018. We quantified eight phthalate metabolites in prenatal urine samples collected between 8- and 14-weeks’ (visit 1; n = 216) and 24- and 30-weeks’ gestation (visit 2; n = 145) and metabolite features in newborn dried-blood spot samples collected at delivery. Associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations and metabolic feature intensities at both visits were examined using adjusted generalized linear models (MWAS). Then, an exploratory meet-in-the-middle (MITM) analysis was conducted in a subset with NICU Neonatal Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) scores (visit 1 n = 81; visit 2 n = 71). In both the MWAS and MITM, many of the confirmed metabolites are involved in tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, including tryptophan, tyrosine, thyroxine, and serine. This analysis elucidates how prenatal phthalate exposure disrupts the newborn metabolome and infant neurobehavioral outcomes.

Systems epigenetic approach towards non-invasive breast cancer detection

Layered Na2Ti3O7-supported Ru catalyst for ambient CO2 methanation

A LTR retrotransposon insertion leads to leafy phenotype in maize by elevating ZmOM66 expression

Retrievable hydrogel networks with confined microalgae for efficient antibiotic degradation and enhanced stress tolerance

Amyloid-reoriented enzyme catalysis

Drivers and impacts of sediment deposition in Amazonian floodplains

Abstract The Amazon River carries enormous amounts of sediment from the Andes mountains, much of which is deposited in its floodplains. However, accurate quantification of the sediment sink at fine spatiotemporal scales is still challenging. Here, we present a high-resolution hydrodynamic-sediment model to simulate sediment deposition in a representative Amazon/Solimões floodplain. The process is found to be jointly driven by inundation, suspended sediment concentration in the Amazon River, and floodplain hydrodynamics and only weakly correlated with inundation level. By upscaling the sediment deposition rate (1.33 ± 0.24 kg m−2 yr−1), we estimate the trapping of 77.3 ± 13.9 Mt (or 6.1 ± 1%) of the Amazon River sediment by the Amazon/Solimões floodplains every year. Widespread deforestation would reduce the trapping efficiency of the floodplains over time, exacerbating downstream river aggradation. Additionally, we show that the deposition of sediment-associated organic carbon plays a minor role in fueling carbon dioxide and methane emissions in the Amazon.