Browse Articles

Socio-economic status explains one-third of the racial disparity in top academic achievement

Samarium as a Catalytic Electron-Transfer Mediator in Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Non-verbal cues in eyewitness testimonies do not predict accuracy or credibility assessments

Abstract Non-verbal behaviour, such as facial expressions and body language, plays a critical role in assessments of witnesses’ credibility that inform legal decisions in cases involving crime. While prior research has primarily focused on associations between non-verbal cues and deception, this study investigates the relation between non-verbal cues and recall memory accuracy in honestly reported mock eyewitness testimonies. Using a sample of 36 video-recorded eyewitness testimonies about a violent crime (n = 680 statements), we examined whether non-verbal cues were associated with statement accuracy (correct vs. incorrect), witness credibility as rated by independent observers, and witnesses’ self-reported confidence. Additionally, we explored whether these associations differed for native vs. non-native speaking witnesses. Results revealed no associations between non-verbal cues and statement accuracy or perceived credibility. Furthermore, while non-native speakers were perceived as less credible, these perceptions were not related to non-verbal cues. Our findings contradict common beliefs by showing that non-verbal behaviour is not reliably related to accuracy or perceived credibility in eyewitness testimonies, highlighting the need for caution in their use in high-stakes legal contexts.

Vintages for New Fashion: Red-Shifted Photoswitching via the Triplet-Photoreaction Channel with Charge-Transfer Complex Sensitizers

The influence of frequency and temperature on the AC-conductivity in $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ semiconductor single crystal

Abstract A special design, based on the Bridgman technique, was used in our laboratory for preparing single crystals of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ . The structure of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ in powder form was examined using X-ray diffraction. $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ at room temperature was found to be a tetragonal system with lattice parameters of $$a = 8.494$$ Å and $$c = 7.181$$ Å. The structural parameters, such as crystallite size D, micro strain $$\epsilon$$ , dislocation density $$\delta$$ , and unit cell parameters were determined from XRD spectra. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to study the thermal behavior of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ , showcasing its significance in solid state physics. The TGA curve of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ exhibited distinct weight loss events corresponding to thermal decomposition processes. The frequency and temperature dependence of Ac-conductivity in a $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ single crystal was studied by assessing the permittivity ( $$\epsilon _r$$ ) and dielectric loss ( $$\tan \delta$$ ) over a broad frequency range. The dependence of AC conductivity and dielectric properties on the frequency and temperature for $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ in pellet form obtained from $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ single crystal were studied in the frequency range of (40 Hz–3 MHz) and temperature range of $$(290{-}395)^{\circ }$$ K. The AC conductivity of the $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ was found to obey the power law, i.e., $$\sigma _{ac} (\omega ) = A \omega ^s$$ . AC conductivity of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ was dominated by the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. The obtained activation energy values of the AC conductivity have confirmed that the hopping conduction is the dominant one. A decrease in these values has noticed with the increase in frequency. The density of localized states $$N (E_F)$$ close to Fermi level for $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ was obtained in the range of $$(1.02{-}2.8 \times 10^{19}\ \text {eV}^{-1}$$ cm $$^{-3}$$ ) for various temperatures and frequency. The frequencies corresponding to maxima of the imaginary electric modulus at different temperatures were found to satisfy an Arrhenius law with activation energy $$E_R$$ of 0.32 eV. A decrease in the relaxation time $$\tau$$ was observed with the increase in temperature. The average hopping distance R and the average time of charge carrier hoping between localized states t were found in the range of 6.10–11.95 nm and $$2 \times 10^{-7} {-} 2.4 \times 10^{-2}$$ s respectively, for the investigated range of frequency and the value of the binding energy $$W_m$$ was 0.52 eV. We report on the preparation, characterization, and analysis of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ semiconductor single crystals, focusing on the influence of frequency and temperature on AC conductivity. Utilizing X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric analysis, and dielectric property measurements, we delineate the material’s structural and electrical properties. Complementing our experimental findings, Machine Learning (ML) models, including Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, were employed to predict AC conductivity, revealing significant predictors and corroborating the experimental insights with high accuracy. This interdisciplinary approach enhances our understanding of $$\text {TlInTe}_2$$ ’s properties and demonstrates the potential of ML in materials science research.

Chiral Locomotion Transitions of an Active Gel and Their Chemomechanical Origin

The feasibility of point-of-care testing for initial urinary liver fatty acid-binding protein to estimate severity in severe heatstroke

Modulation of Protein–Protein Interactions with Molecular Glues in a Synthetic Condensate Platform

MVB fault diagnosis based on time-frequency analysis and convolutional neural networks

A questionnaire survey of cervical and breast cancer screening among female employees and employees’ spouses

Sea turtles use magnetic ‘map’ and ‘compass’ to navigate the ocean

Real-world data analysis for factors influencing the quality check status in FoundationOne CDx cancer genomic profiling tests

Spatial Scale Matters: Hydrolysis of Aryl Methyl Ethers over Zeolites

An analytical solution for dynamic instability and vibration analysis of structural members with open and closed sections

The association between the follicular distribution pattern of polycystic ovaries and metabolic syndrome development in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome a prospective cohort study

Sequential and Time-Controlled Sol–Gel Transitions by Mechanical Switching of Molecular Tweezers

Energy efficiency optimization of electric hydraulic loader with variable speed variable displacement power source

I work remotely — on Mars

Reticular Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks with kgd-v Topology and Trirhombic Pores

Postmortal epithelial changes of donor corneas impair applicability of a refractive ultraviolet femtosecond laser

Abstract This study evaluates the corneal applicability of a refractive ultraviolet femtosecond laser in postmortal human donor eyes and ex vivo porcine eyes. Refractive lenticule extraction and flap creation were attempted in 10 human donor eyes and 80 ex vivo porcine eyes with and without abrasion of the corneal epithelium. The postmortem interval ranged from 6 to 35 h in the human samples and was set to 4, 24, and 48 h for the porcine specimens. Nine human eyes and 60 porcine eyes were treated with an ultraviolet femtosecond laser. The rest was treated with an infrared laser. Optical coherence tomography and scanning electron microscopy were used to demonstrate success or failure of the procedures. Ultraviolet laser-assisted refractive surgery attempts without prior abrasion of the corneal epithelium were only successful at 6 h p.m. in the human eyes and at 4 and 24 h in the porcine eyes. Upon epithelial abrasion, refractive surgery was always successful with the ultraviolet laser. The infrared laser always performed successfully with and without prior epithelial abrasion. Thus, postmortal changes in the corneal epithelium impair the ability of refractive ultraviolet femtosecond lasers to create stromal cuts. This progresses with time but does not affect infrared femtosecond lasers.