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Epidemiology of caprine gastrointestinal nematodes and associated efficacy of anthelmintic drugs in Punjab districts, India
Uncovering the influence of gold tailings on foam stability and mechanical performances of foamed concrete
Assessment of landslide susceptibility in watersheds during extreme rainfall using a complex network of slope units
Genomic correlation, shared loci, and causal association between obesity, periodontitis and tooth loss
Controlling mildew of tobacco leaf by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZH-2 and its effect on storage quality of tobacco leaf
Abstract Tobacco mildew is a common fungal disease that reduces tobacco quality, resulting in serious economic losses in the tobacco industry. In this study, the pathogens Aspergillus niger , Aspergillus flavus , and Rhizopus arrhizus were isolated from infected leaves. Furthermore, five plant endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy tobacco leaves were found to possess strong antifungal activity against these pathogens. Among these strains, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZH-2 exerted the strongest antagonistic effect against all mildew types (bacteriosphere diameter > 22 mm). The antagonistic action of ZH-2 was further observed using scanning electron microscopy, which revealed signs of contraction, deformation, and dissolution of the treated mycelia compared with that seen in the control group. The ZH-2 strain was found to produce high levels of proteases, chitinases, and β-1,3-glucanase, contributing to its antifungal activity via fungal cell wall rupture. The antifungal activity of ZH-2 was also demonstrated in the application test, as indicated by the significant reduction in mildew disease severity in tobacco leaves treated with this strain. Fermentation tests showed that the quality of ZH-2–treated, solid-state fermented tobacco leaves was superior to that of the control. Specifically, the alkaloid content significantly decreased by 10.62%, whereas the total and reduced sugar contents increased by 12.9 and 55.75%, respectively. Furthermore, macromolecular starch, cellulose, and protein contents significantly decreased by 25.85, 12.77, and 10.04%, respectively. These results indicate that the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZH-2 strain is effective against tobacco mildew and can improve tobacco quality upon solid-state fermentation.
Effects of incorporating green leafy vegetables with meals on starch and lipid digestibility under simulated gastrointestinal digestion
Predictive analysis of vitiligo treatment drugs using degree and neighborhood degree-based topological descriptors
Fossil specimens of the autotrophic protist Mallomonas asmundiae bearing cysts and attached scales from an Eocene locality
Author Correction: Superiority of high sensitivity cardiac troponin I over NT‑proBNP and adiponectin for 7‑year mortality in stable patients receiving haemodialysis
Publisher Correction: Innovative MIM diplexer with neural network enhanced refractive index detection for advanced photonic applications
ANFIS algorithm for mapping computational data of water reservoir homogenization with air bubble flows
Abstract Air as an inert gas is usually applied for homogenization and mixing liquids. In the current research, we study a 3-D bubble column reactor (BCR) filled with water by using an Artificial intelligence algorithm (AI) and CFD. We used one of the adaptive networks and fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) to study fluid flow and see its effect on the accuracy of the AI. Therefore, the Gaussian membership function was used to have a prediction in the 3-D BCR. Also, the grid partition system was used to cluster the data. The number of membership functions increases in the training process of the AI system, from 2 to 5. The influence of input numbers on AI data prediction is analyzed. The four inputs in the training process included air velocity and pressure, as well as the x-direction and z-direction. Finally, air vorticity was considered as the output parameter of the study in the predictions. Correlations were developed to predict the air vorticity in each node using x and z direction, air velocity, and pressure. The results showed the AI accuracy increased by the rise of membership and input numbers. The AI intelligence level was found by five memberships and four inputs. The AI and CFD were in suitable agreement (regression number around 1). The developed correlations could simplify the calculation of air vorticity instead of using the complicated and time-consuming CFD simulation. As far as the authors know, there are no studies that have developed correlations to find the air vorticity in bubble column reactors.
Steering drilling wellbore trajectory prediction based on the NOA-LSTM-FCNN method
Bioinformatics and experimental insights into F2RL1 as a key biomarker in cervical cancer diagnosis and prognosis
Serological and molecular detection of Toxoplasma Gondii among cancer patients in Sohag, Upper Egypt: a case-control study
Abstract Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) affects around 30% of humans worldwide. Recently, it has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen to immunocompromised patients. Data available is still lacking about toxoplasmosis in cancer patients in Egypt. This study aimed to reveal the current trend of T. gondii in cancer patients in Sohag, Egypt. Sera from 50 cancer patients and 50 healthy controls were screened for Toxoplasma IgG and IgM. Further, buffy coats from both groups were used for detection of T. gondii B1 and RE genes via conventional and nested PCR, respectively. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii IgG was high (58%). IgG and IgM were detected in 30% and 9% cancer patients, respectively. Patients with solid cancers exhibited a greater IgG seropositivity compared to those with hematologic tumors (77.27% and 46.43%, respectively) (P = 0.03). Concerning the molecular results, only 4 (9%) were positive regarding both PCR assays. In conclusion, T. gondii is highly prevalent in cancer patients in Sohag, Egypt. PCR is strongly recommended to complement serology to diagnose acute or reactivated toxoplasmosis in cancer patients. B1 PCR was found to be equivalent to RE PCR. Nevertheless, thorough large-scale research must be implemented.