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The Ion channel, CFTR, assembles with HIPPO pathway proteins TAZ and YAP in polycystic kidney disease

Pachymic acid alleviates circadian rhythm disorders in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice via the sphingolipid pathway

Background Obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) is known to disrupt metabolic homeostasis and circadian rhythms. Pachymic acid (PA), a bioactive triterpenoid, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and sedative-hypnotic properties, though its role in circadian regulation remains unexplored. Methods We assessed PA’s impact on metabolic dysfunction (glucose/lipid profiles), systemic inflammation using biochemical assays, ELISA, Oil Red O staining. Circadian parameters were evaluated via 24-h serum melatonin and core body temperature. Hepatic circadian gene oscillations and mechanistic pathways were analyzed through time-series RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, qPCR, and Western blotting. Results PA intervention attenuated obesity-related phenotypes, including reduced body weight, improved glucose/lipid metabolism, and restored physiological rhythms of melatonin and body temperature. And hepatic gene oscillation patterns were realigned to circadian synchrony. Mechanistically, PA ameliorated liver inflammation by modulating the sphingolipid pathway, specifically via S1PR4/TRAF2 signaling. Conclusions Our findings illustrate PA’s role in mitigating metabolic and circadian disruptions in obesity, highlighting the sphingolipid pathway as a tissue-specific target for circadian modulation. This study provides novel insights into therapeutic strategies for obesity-associated circadian disorders.

IGSF3 drives acquired temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma through ASNS-dependent asparagine biosynthesis

Anion-Directed Assembly of Atomically Precise Silver Nanofibers: Tunable Inner Diameters and Mechanical Exfoliation into Subnanometer Nanofibers

Effects of OsNRT2.3b transgenosis on lettuce antioxidant capacity and nitrogen metabolism under low nitrogen

Nitrate (NO 3 - ) plays dual roles in vascular plants, functioning as both an essential macronutrient and a phytoactive signaling compound. Research indicates that the high-affinity NO 3 - transporter OsNRT2.3b orchestrates fundamental agronomic traits, including biomass accumulation, grain production, and nitrogen (N) metabolism efficiency in cultivated rice. In this study, transgenic lettuce lines of OsNRT2.3b were generated, from which four lines with high OsNRT2.3b expression (OE20−5, OE21−7, OE21−11, and OE21−13) were selected and subjected to normal (CK) and low nitrogen (LN) treatments for 12 d. The results indicate that OsNRT2.3b transgenosis increased chlorophyll and glutathione (GSH) contents, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), in lettuce. However, OsNRT2.3b transgenosis had little effect on certain agronomic traits (leaf number, plant height, and leaf dimensions) of lettuce. Compared to the wild-type (WT), OsNRT2.3b transgenosis substantially enhanced the contents of NO 3 - , ammonium (NH 4 + ), amino acids, soluble protein, and the activities of NO 3 - reductase (NR), nitrite (NO 2 - ) reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) in lettuce. Thus, OsNRT2.3b transgenosis improves the antioxidant capacity, photosynthetic level, and N use efficiency of lettuce. This research provides theoretical references for improving the N utilization efficiency of lettuce and enhancing its antioxidant capacity.

Histone Acetyltransferase HAT1 Regulates Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Self-Coordinating Electronic Metal–Support Interaction Stabilizes Ultralow-Loading Ir Single Atoms for Durable Acidic Oxygen Evolution

Intersectional dehumanization in faces: Facial attractiveness and perceived intelligence differentially predict dehumanization across intersecting race and gender identities

Past work has found that more attractive and more intelligent appearing faces are ascribed more humanlike sophistication at zero acquaintance, but past work has only employed White faces. Of interest in the present work is whether similar effects occur across target race. Across two studies we investigate if the relationships between attractiveness and perceived intelligence vary across Black and White, male and female faces. Across both studies, we find that more attractive faces are evaluated as more humanlike across target race and gender, but notably that target race moderates the predictiveness of perceived intelligence. Perceived intelligence only relates to humanness for White targets, but not Black. These findings provide support for the theory that face trait relationships are often dependent on target identities, such as race and are consistent with extended research indicating that Black Americans’ minds may be devalued.

Macrocyclic and linear peptides promote LAR dimerization and neurite outgrowth

Lattice-Directed Spin-Vibronic Coherence-Mediated Ultrafast Intersystem Crossing in Crystalline Diplatinum Complex

The effects of material type, salivary contamination and adhesive application on the performance of pit and fissure sealants

This study aimed to assess the effects of sealant material type, adhesive application and saliva contamination on the microleakage, shear bond strength (SBS), and interfacial adaptation of pit and fissure sealants. A total of 160 extracted human molars were assigned to eight groups according to sealant type (resin-based, glass ionomer-based, or flowable composite), adhesive application, and contamination condition. Microleakage and unfilled areas at the enamel–sealant interface were assessed by dye penetration and image analysis software after thermocycling. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and failure modes were categorized under a stereomicroscope. Interfacial adaptation was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, and ANOVA tests (α = 0.05). Resin-based and flowable composite sealants exhibited significantly lower microleakage and higher SBS than glass ionomer-based materials (p < 0.05). Adhesive application enhanced SBS but slightly increased microleakage. Saliva contamination markedly reduced bond strength and increased leakage, whereas re-etching effectively restored enamel receptivity and sealing ability. SEM images revealed better adaptation and continuous margins in resin-based and flowable composites, whereas contaminated groups exhibited irregular interfaces and micro gaps. Sealant performance is strongly influenced by material viscosity, surface pretreatment, and contamination control. Re-etching after contamination restores enamel-bonding potential, while adhesive-assisted flowable composites achieve the best combination of sealing, retention, and interfacial adaptation, suggesting their clinical advantage in moisture-compromised environments.

Molecular mechanism of 2′,3′-cGAMP degradation by monkeypox virus poxin-schlafen protein

Tailoring Zeolite Nanosheets via Protozeolite-Directed Growth for Enhanced Methanol-to-Propylene Conversion

“The system is obviously bonkers”: The APC Trap and the bind of scholarly publishing across four research intensive institutions in the U.S.

This study analyzes the cognitive dissonance displayed by authors at research intensive institutions in the United States (U.S.) regarding the scholarly publishing of Open Access (OA) publications. A qualitative analysis of 154 open-ended responses was conducted. Eight codes were identified, then each response was analyzed for the codes. The codes themselves coalesce around a phenomenon the authors of this study term the article processing charge (APC) Trap, in which privileged and well-resourced researchers in the U.S. experience highly contradictory sentiments about OA publishing. The cognitive dissonance characteristic of the APC Trap result in strong feelings of conflict as well as powerlessness. The qualitative analysis reveals the APC Trap as a deeply layered phenomenon, with manifestation dependent on positionality, including demographic features and interactions between APC Trap codes. While much has been made of the failings of the APC model of OA publishing for under-resourced researchers, this study reveals the ways this publishing model is unsustainable even for privileged researchers most well-positioned to participate.

The GCP16-zDHHC9 S-acyltransferase complex: reciprocal effects on protein S-acylation and stability

Tailoring Molecular Architectures for Intramolecular Charge Separation of the Multiexciton State Generated by Singlet Fission

Destination choices during internal temporary migration: Evidence from northern Bangladesh

While migration to urban areas is often associated with higher wage opportunities, it remains unclear why many rural poor prefer rural destinations, particularly for temporary migration. We investigate this in northern rural Bangladesh, where temporary migration is common, by analyzing both the determinants of rural versus urban temporary migration and their income effects. We examine temporary migrants’ destination choices, accounting for their self-selection into migration, and address endogeneity when estimating the income effects of these choices. Despite recent findings that perceived income gains tend to be higher from rural destinations, our findings show that rural destinations are not necessarily better than urban ones at increasing actual total household income. In fact, remittances from rural-bound temporary migration are lower than those from urban-bound migration. However, our results also suggest that rural-bound migration is not primarily driven by remittance maximization. Instead, constrained by household obligations, temporary migrants often prefer rural destinations because they offer greater income-to-cost ratio, permit continued engagement in origin-based labor activities, and hence facilitate household risk diversification while reducing time away from home.

Human length telomeres restrict the regenerative potential of hematopoietic stem cells in mice

Nickel Alkyl Complexes for Polymerization Catalysis via Oxidative Addition–Decarbonylation of Phosphinephenol Esters

Linking shelter conditions to health: A multisystem analysis of stress, metabolism, and fecal microbiota in dogs

Variations in space allocation and husbandry practices can significantly affect the health and welfare of long-term shelter dogs. This study compared adrenal, metabolic, and microbiological health indicators among dogs from three shelters in Thailand: Shelter A – low-density (20.3 m²/dog), adequate enclosure size (101.9 m²), and an enrichment program; Shelter B – medium-density (3.9 m²), large enclosures (150 m²); and Shelter C – high density (3.0 m²), one communal space (800 m²), and no enrichment. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA), metabolic parameters (glucose, insulin, fructosamine, lipid profiles), and fecal microbiota composition and diversity were measured and analyzed in relation to management factors. Dogs in Shelter A exhibited the lowest fGCM concentrations (207.41 ± 4.55 ng/g), normal metabolic profiles, and richer, more even fecal microbiota. In contrast, dogs in Shelter C, a temple-based facility with more crowding and limited space, exhibited higher fGCM (278.71 ± 10.44 ng/g) and fructosamine concentrations, reduced alpha diversity, and a highly skewed Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio, suggesting possible adrenal cortical and microbial dysbiosis. Shelter B presented intermediate values across most parameters and management inputs. These findings show that management practices, including space allocation and enrichment, can influence stress physiology, metabolic health, and fecal microbiota composition in long-term sheltered dogs.