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Two Artificial Leaf Architectures for Solar Formate Production From CO <sub>2</sub> and H <sub>2</sub> O
ABSTRACT Sunlight‐powered artificial leaves for the production of formate from CO 2 are an attractive route to solar fuels, yet existing solar formate devices remain low in performance, and their architecture and material choices are underexplored. Herein, we report the fabrication of two distinct fully integrated, self‐standing solar formate device architectures and elucidate the underlying design principles and material selection strategies. The first architecture integrates a Si photocathode with a BiVO 4 photoanode and utilizes a highly active Pd catalyst for CO 2 reduction. It represents the first artificial leaf device comprising two photoelectrodes (excluding photovoltaic [PV]‐biased electrodes) for effective formate production under single‐beam illumination. The second architecture employs a dark cathode and a dark anode driven by a 4‐junction perovskite solar cell and uses a highly stable Bi catalyst for CO 2 reduction. This device delivers a record‐high formate production rate of 174 µmol h −1 with a remarkable solar‐to‐formate energy efficiency of 2% among all artificial leaf devices reported to date. These results demonstrate the feasibility and outline the design principles of both PV‐free and PV‐assisted device architectures in solar fuel production.
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia linked mutations of the deadenylase Target of EGR1 (TOE1) impair thermal stability, ribonuclease activity, and oligomerization
Disentangling Electronic and Strain Effects in Core–Shell Pd@Pt Catalysts
GALNT7-induced O-glycosylation of NUP50 activates fatty acid β-oxidation to promote lung adenocarcinoma metastasis
Organocatalytic Desymmetric Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage of Unstrained Cyclohexanones
Lauric acid engages an O-GlcNAc–sensitive BCKDH regulatory node to modulate branched-chain amino acid oxidation in skeletal myotubes.
Accessing Medium-Sized Bridged Heterocycles via EnT-Catalyzed Intermolecular Dearomative (5 + 4) Cycloaddition of Furans and Oxazoles
Catalytic Selective Deoxygenation and Deamination of Amides to Access Alkenes
ABSTRACT Amide derivatizations are important and useful transformations in organic chemistry, owing to the ready accessibility of amides. However, reported methodologies to date have been limited to either deoxygenative or deaminative pathways; the direct, single‐step conversion of amides into hydrocarbons has remained elusive. In this work, by employing 9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9‐BBN) as the reductant and Cp 2 ZrCl 2 as a precatalyst, we demonstrate that amides can be efficiently converted to alkenes under simple and mild conditions, which represents the third mode of amide derivatization after deoxygenation and deamination. Mechanistic investigations reveal that 9‐BBN is crucial for the tandem C─O and C─N cleavage. This transformation links the two fundamental functional groups such that the richness of amide retrosynthesis is applied to alkenes.
KMT2D depletion promotes KRAS-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis independent of TP53
Interaction of Molecular Hydrogen on α-Pu at 300 K: Nucleation of Hydrides and Pu-Catalyzed Carbides
Correction: A Single Chondroitin 6-Sulfate Oligosaccharide Unit at Ser-2730 of Human Thyroglobulin Enhances Hormone Formation and Limits Proteolytic Accessibility at the Carboxyl Terminus
Metal‐Free Photocatalytic CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction to Formate Driven by Visible Light via a Consecutive Photoinduced Electron Transfer Mechanism
ABSTRACT Realizing efficient and selective photocatalytic CO 2 reduction (PCO 2 R) using metal‐free organic systems under visible light remains a significant challenge. Here, we report the first metal‐free, self‐sensitized molecular photocatalyst capable of driving visible‐light‐induced CO 2 ‐to‐HCOO − conversion via a consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (ConPET) mechanism. The rationally designed BPI‐OMe, featuring an electron‐donating group, demonstrates exceptional performance under visible light irradiation, achieving a formate production rate of 27.51 mmol g −1 h −1 with > 99% selectivity. This outstanding activity stems from its optimized electronic properties: a low excitation energy (2.98 eV), a long‐lived charge‐separated anion radical state ( τ = 806.94 ns), a high‐energy SOMO level (−3.47 eV), and strong CO 2 binding affinity (−0.147 eV). In situ ESR and ultrafast spectroscopic analyses reveal the ConPET process: sequential photon absorption enables electron transfer from ascorbic acid to BPI‐OMe, generating BPI‐OMe, followed by electron delivery to CO 2 to form CO 2 − , which is subsequently converted to formate through a hydrogen atom transfer. This work not only represents a breakthrough in metal‐free PCO2R but also provides a general molecular design strategy based on multi‐photon charge accumulation for enabling challenging solar‐to‐chemical transformations.