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Structure of a stand-alone homodimeric nonribosomal peptide synthetase condensation domain reveals occlusion of the canonical carrier-protein interface
Chemical Probes to Reveal the Assembly and Dynamics of Wall Teichoic Acids
Feasibility of Meta Quest 2 for tracking upper-limb movements under varying field of view conditions: a pilot study
Understanding Ras inhibitor resistance
Multidisciplinary management of meningiomas in the era of precision oncology
Replication-stress-induced chromatin loops protect fork stability
Structural characterization of intermediates in Sec1/Munc18 protein-catalyzed SNARE assembly
Construction of Isolated Pd <sub>3</sub> Geometry on GaO <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> -Modified Pd/Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> as a Highly Active and Selective Catalyst for Semihydrogenation of Acetylene
The application of contrast-enhanced T2-FLAIR MRI in gross tumor target volume determination for radiotherapy of large-volume brain metastases
Informing HIV vaccine design
Alternative Extracellular Disulfide Bond Formation by N-terminal Cysteines Supports Functional Expression of Odorant Receptors
A Water-Soluble Diarylethene Base for Light-Controlled pH Modulation in Biological Systems
Efficacy of historical context and exogenous features on deep learning for cooling load forecasting in chilled water plants
Inhibiting lactate transport reduces lung fibrosis
p53 regulates mitochondrial function and alpha-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's disease
Targeting rapidly cycling receptors CD2 and CD7 increases nanoparticle delivery to primary CD4+ T cells
Abstract T cells are critically important to many diseases but are traditionally difficult to transfect. We hypothesise that the delivery of therapeutic cargo to T cells can be improved by targeting nanoparticles to surface receptors that undergo rapid receptor-mediated endocytosis. Using an internalisation assay that labelled intracellular and surface proteins with different fluorophores, we find that CD2 and CD7 exhibit significantly higher internalisation than other T cell receptors, such as CD3 or CD4. Targeting CD2 and CD7 improves nanoparticle internalisation by non-stimulated, primary CD4 + T cells and enhances the specificity of association to CD4 + T cells. Similarly, functionalising mRNA-lipid nanoparticles with antibodies targeting CD2 or CD7 enhances mRNA delivery to CD4 + T cells in vitro. Importantly, targeting CD2 or CD7 enables efficient lipid nanoparticle-mediated delivery of mRNA to T cells in blood and lymphoid tissue in vivo, demonstrating that targeting T cell receptor endocytosis can enhance nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to T cells.