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Improved double DQN with deep reinforcement learning for UAV indoor autonomous obstacle avoidance
Electrochemical investigation of oxytrol in fizzy drinks and juices via graphene and polymer printed PVC by ANOVA and design expert
Supplementary motor area enhanced hemodynamic responses to loading after inhibitory cTBS
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among patients with diabetic foot ulcers towards disease management
Comparison of quality characteristics among 20 sweet potato varieties
Seismic data denoising based on attention dual dilated CNN
Implications of Ho3+-ions on physical, structural, optical, and spectroscopic features of Na2O-PbO-borotellurite glass system for feasible applications in optical and laser technology
Abstract A novel series of Holmium-ions doped Na2O-PbO-borotellurite glasses with composition yHo2O3+(65-y)B2O3 + 15TeO2 + 10Pb3O4 + 10Na2O, where $$\:\text{y}=$$ 0.0 to 0.5 mol% with 0.1 increment, have been prepared by the melt-quenching approach. The non-crystalline state of the synthesized glasses was validated through the XRD technique. The structural modifications and presence of borate networks (BO3 and BO4), tellurite networks (TeO3 and TeO4), and Pb-O links were confirmed through ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopic methods. The morphology and analysis of elements were performed by employing the SEM-EDX technique. The optical characterizations were studied through UV-visible spectroscopy. The transitions 5I8 → 5G5, 5G6, 5F1+5G6, 5F2, 5F3, 5S2+5F4 and 5F5 were noted. Emission spectra of the Ho3+-ions incorporated glasses were obtained using a spectrofluorometer at an excitation wavelength of 451 nm, and they exhibit an intense peak at 678 nm in the region of red. The CCT values found $$\:<\:$$ 4000 K imply a warm CCT. The merits of physical and optical parameters viz., molar volume, density, ion concentration, field strength, optical band gaps, refractive index, Urbach energy, steepness parameter, molar polarizability, metallization criterion, electronic oxide polarizability, optical basicity etc., were evaluated using appropriate relations and they found to be in comply with the structural modifications and optical features. The density and refractive index are found between 4.067 gcm−3 to 4.193 gcm−3 and 2.345 to 2.367, respectively. The energy band gaps and Urbach energy range from 3.115 eV to 3.201 eV and 0.247 eV to 0.269 eV, respectively. Optical basicity and electronic oxide polarizability range from 1.254 to 1.271 and 4.015 Å3 to 4.178 Å3, respectively. Metallization criterion values range from 0.395 to 0.401. Based on structural, optical, luminescence properties, and the physical and optical parameter merits, the synthesized glasses can be suitable for optical devices, including lasers, red phosphors, and optical amplifiers.
Advanced hybrid intelligence evaluation of nanomedicine delivery to various organs using machine learning and adaptive tree structured Parzen estimator
AHP and Geospatial technology-based assessment of groundwater potential zones in Natham taluk, Tamil nadu, India
Liming promotes the leaching of carbon and nitrogen in a double-cropped rice system
Proteomic analysis of tumor cell nuclear expulsion reveals significant cell adhesion and RNA binding programs in extracellular chromatin
Abstract Understanding mechanisms of cancer cell death and the resulting effect on disease progression is crucial in cancer biology and the insight will likely offer better options for therapeutic treatment. Nuclear expulsion occurs in apoptotic cancer cells in a peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (Padi4) dependent manner. The resulting tumor cell nuclear expulsion product (TuNEP) promotes the outgrowth of neighboring cancer cells through chromatin-bound protein complexes. It is not clear what the protein compositions and functionalities are in these TuNEPs. In this study, we performed extensive proteomic profiling and identified key TuNEP protein components from mouse and human breast cancer cells as well as human lung cancer cells (4T1, MDA-MB-231, and PC9). We further compared TuNEP- specific proteins with those from apoptotic bodies or NETs from neutrophils. We found an enrichment of cellular adhesion molecules as well as increased citrullination of proteins associated with RNA binding. We showed that cellular adhesion molecules integrin and basigin (BSG) promote the growth of tumor spheroids. Our work revealed the unique TuNEP protein components distinct from neutrophil-derived NETs and shed light on potential mechanisms by which these cancer cell-derived TuNEPs promote tumor progression.
Adaptive clustering for medical image analysis using the improved separation index
Pilot study on the potential of low-salt brine with oregano essential oil for post-preservation of white brined cheese
Identification of palmitoylated biomarkers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Elderly individuals exhibit dysregulated monocyte responses to viral immune complexes compared to adults and children
Abstract The severity of certain viral infectious diseases varies across the age; we hypothesize that these variations could be related to the variation of immune responses to viral immune complexes (ICs) among the age. This study aimed to investigate monocyte activation in response to ICs in children, adults, and elderly individuals. An experimental in vitro model was established using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals. Monocyte activation markers (CD169, CD38, HLA-DR), the negative co-stimulatory molecule (PD-L1), and cytokine production were measured under basal conditions and upon stimulation with human adenovirus 5-IgG immune complex (Ad5-ICs), interferon-alpha (IFN-α), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Monocytes from children and adults displayed similar activation profiles in response to ICs and IFN-α stimulation, characterized by increased expression of CD169 and PD-L1. In contrast, monocytes from elderly individuals exhibited weak or no overexpression of CD169 and PD-L1 coupled with a diminished PBMC cytokine response. Notably, cells from elderly participants produced high levels of TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-6 in the absence of stimulation. Multiple comparisons confirmed reduced monocyte activation and PBMC cytokine responses in the elderly compared to adults and children. Although children exhibited a significant response to ICs, their secretion of IFN-α, IP-10, IFN-γ, IL-8, and IL-2 was lower than that observed in adults. Our findings suggest that elderly individuals have poor and dysregulated responses to ICs, likely due to immunosenescence and chronic inflammation. Adults exhibit a robust and balanced response to ICs, while children display a moderate response, possibly influenced by ‘trained immunity’ resulting from frequent early-life exposures to pathogens. These insights highlight the importance of further research to develop age-specific therapeutic strategies to modulate immune function during viral IC exposure.
Streptomyces rimosus-rich soil exposure alleviates depression-like behaviors by modulating neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in mice with stress
Influence of ATG SNPs on hip fracture patients’ functional status
Lung structural cells are altered by influenza virus leading to rapid immune protection following re-challenge
Abstract Lung structural cells form barriers against pathogens and trigger immune responses following infections. This leads to the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells some of which remain within the lung and contribute to enhanced pathogen control following subsequent infections. There is growing evidence that structural cells also display long-term changes following infection. Here we investigate long-term changes to mouse lung epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells following influenza virus infection finding that all three cell types maintain an imprint of the infection, particularly in genes linked to communication with T cells. MHCI and MHCII proteins continue to be expressed at higher levels in both differentiated epithelial cells and progenitor populations and several differentially expressed genes are downstream of the transcription factor, SpiB, a known orchestrator of antigen presentation. Lung epithelial cells from influenza-infected mice display functional changes, more rapidly controlling influenza virus than cells from naïve animals. This rapid anti-viral response and increased expression of molecules required to communicate with T cells demonstrates sustained and enhanced functions following infection. These data suggest lung structural cells display characteristics of immune memory which could affect outcomes that are protective in the context of infection or pathogenic in chronic inflammatory disorders.
Changes in host gene expression patterns underpin responses of the coral Stylophora pistillata to nutrient stress
Abstract The availability and stoichiometry of dissolved nutrients are known to have a significant effect on coral growth, biomineralisation, and stress tolerance. However, previous mechanistic studies have focused primarily on the photosynthetic symbionts. Here we studied the physiological and transcriptomic responses of the coral Stylophora pistillata exposed to four different concentration combinations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) over a period of eight weeks. Despite no significant effects on coral growth or calcification, corals from low P conditions bleached and had significantly fewer symbionts than those from high-phosphate treatments. Low P concentrations induced upregulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity, and downregulation of transcripts involved in phospholipid biosynthesis, protein processing, and protein maturation. Further, all enriched biological processes were related to phosphate metabolism. Our results suggest that S. pistillata controls a variety of molecular pathways to counteract the negative effects of insufficient nutrient supply.