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Retraction: Digital transformation, industrial structure change, and economic growth motivation: An empirical analysis based on manufacturing industry in Yangtze River Delta
Strategically optimized diffusion dynamics in Ni9S8 nanoflower architectures for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
The growing demand for sustainable solutions in future electronic systems has accelerated the replacement of outdated devices with more efficient and reliable technologies. In this context, surface-controlled Ni9S8 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. An orthorhombic crystal structure was verified through x-ray diffraction analysis, while field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed nano-scale platelets with a distinctive flower-like morphology, ideal for storage mechanisms. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy further confirmed the phase purity and all possible constituents. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated high reversibility and a diffusion-controlled charge storage mechanism, interpreted using Dunn's model. Galvanostatic charge–discharge analysis showed a significant specific capacity (Qsp) of 952 C/g at a current density (J) of 11.8 A/g. The optimized material delivered an outstanding energy density (Ed) with a value of 66.1 Wh/kg alongside a power delivery (Pd) of 2941.2 W/kg, maintaining 98.6% of its initial capacity value and 97.6% coulombic efficiency after 3000 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed a low charge transfer resistance of 0.28 Ω, a high ionic conductivity of 0.12 S/cm, highlighting the electrode's fast kinetics. The asymmetric device exhibited a Qsp of 104.2 C/g at a J value of 0.7 A/g with Ed of 17.3 Wh/kg and Pd of 423.5 W/kg. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient was optimized under varying current densities and molar concentrations, with the best results being 7.1 × 10−15 cm2/s at a 2 M solution and 5 mA current. These findings demonstrate the potential of the material for hybrid energy storage systems, smart electronics, and sensor applications.
Investigating the role of molecular coating in human corneal endothelial cell primary culture using artificial intelligence-driven image analysis
Retraction: Corporate social responsibility stimulus on environmental problems: Spatial threshold model analysis
Investigation of L-shaped split-gate eFlash memory with enhanced gate coupling in a 55 nm node
As data processing demands increase, embedded flash is advancing toward low power consumption, low manufacturing cost, and high operation speed, as well as large memory windows (MW). A self-aligned split-gate floating-gate (FG) NOR-type flash memory cell and array have been proposed under a 55 nm node. Low-voltage erase and high-speed program operation have been achieved owing to a low EP-to-FG coupling ratio of 0.09 and a high CG-to-FG coupling ratio of 0.67, respectively. Moreover, up to 8 masks can be reduced in our low-cost process, as compared to that of the third-generation SuperFlash. Additionally, close to 5-bit states have been realized in the large MW of 7.1 V in a single-bit cell, which is mostly attributed to the threshold voltage (Vth) tuning by drain-side dual-pocket implantation.
Efficacy of esophageal balloon dilatation with Botox injection in children with achalasia referred to a tertiary care center
Disparities in chronic kidney disease burden estimates: From different sources, definitions, and equations
Introduction The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study provides updated epidemiological descriptions of chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet the discrepancies between its estimates and those from other sources remain unclear. Furthermore, attention is required due to the specificity of standard and computational tool for glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We aimed to evaluate CKD burden from various sources, definitions, and equations. Methods This study analyzed CKD prevalence among US adults from 1999 to 2018, using data from the GBD study 2021 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We calculated average prevalence and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) for the total population and by sex. The analysis was repeated using different definitions and equations. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to extend the comparison to a global scale. Results Among US adults, the annual average estimates from the GBD and NHANES were similar, while long-term trends diverged, with disparities becoming more evident in sex-specific subgroups. Removal of racial coefficients led to an increase in the estimated CKD prevalence in Black individuals, while a decrease was observed in White individuals. The EKFC equation yielded the highest average and single-cycle CKD prevalence. Applying age-adapted thresholds reduced the prevalence of low estimated GFR (eGFR<threshold(s)) by approximately 50%, with numbers of older women reclassified into non-CKD categories. Conclusions This study highlights the differences in estimated CKD prevalence across various sources. Age-adjusted thresholds and the flexible EKFC equation hold promise for future applications in both epidemiological research and clinical practice.
Dual-functional Cu-MOF modifies buried interfaces for high-performance and stable MAPbI3 photodetectors
Lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for high-performance optoelectronic devices due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, defect states of perovskite thin films severely degrade the device performance and stability. Herein, we report a buried interface engineering strategy based on Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOF) to fabricate high-quality MAPbI3 thin films. The results reveal that the carbonyl groups (C=O) in Cu-MOF effectively passivate undercoordinated Pb2+ at the buried interface through strong coordination interactions, while simultaneously modulating crystallization dynamics to yield enlarged grain sizes and reduced grain boundaries. Furthermore, Cu2+ ions released from the MOFs occupy Pb2+ vacancies in MAPbI3. According to this, the crystalline quality of MAPbI3 thin films has been improved. The enhancement in device performance further demonstrated the crucial roles of Cu-MOF. This work provides a multifunctional interface modification approach for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices.
Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from freshwater and industrial wastewater using TiO2–CuO–clay soil nanocomposites
Dynamic of competitive Lotka-Volterra model for tumor-host systems under constant or periodic perturbation: Implications for the therapy of cancer
In this paper, the tumor-host interaction is modeled using a Lotka-Volterra framework. The critical parameters that define the possible dynamical regimes are identified through linear stability analysis. The effects of both constant and periodic perturbations are examined, along with their clinical implications. The treatment dose required to drive the system to a desired state is determined. It is also shown that aggressive tumors evolve toward a limit cycle when the host is under the action of low-frequency periodic treatment. As the frequency increases, a transition to a non-chaotic attractor occurs. This transition narrows as the frequency of the external periodic perturbation increases. No chaotic behavior is observed, even at higher values of both perturbation strength and frequency, as the maximum Lyapunov exponent remains negative. These results suggest that although aggressive tumors may not be completely eradicated by conventional anticancer therapies, they could potentially be controlled through external low-frequency periodic treatments that target directly only the host, such as immunotherapy.
Thin-film vertical monolithic III-nitride optoelectronic system
III-nitride multi-quantum well (MQW) diodes are multifunctional devices and exhibit intriguing spectral overlap between emission and responsivity spectra. By reducing device thickness, thin-film vertical (TFV) MQW diodes not only inhibit confined optical waveguide modes but also achieve mode-matching light emission or detection naturally. Here, we monolithically integrated TFV MQW diodes on a III-nitride-on-silicon platform that separately serve as a light-emitting diode and a photodiode. The experimental results confirm that TFV devices reduce the number of confined waveguide modes and eliminate transverse light crosstalk, which leads to a significant reduction in the background photocurrent level at 10−9 A. The monolithic III-nitride optoelectronic systems demonstrate the great potential for full-duplex visible light communication and proximity sensing.
Gram‐Scale Access to (3,11)‐Cyclotaxanes—Synthesis of 1‐Hydroxytaxuspine C
Abstract Herein, we present the semisynthesis of complex taxane diterpenoid 1‐hydroxytaxuspine C. Starting from cheap and abundant 10‐deacetylbaccatin III, a scalable and robust route was developed, enabling an unprecedented gram‐scale access to the intricate (3,11)‐cyclotaxane scaffold. In addition, this represents the first synthetic access to C1‐hydroxylated cyclotaxanes. The natural product is synthesized in 17 steps, with the reactions being performed on decagram‐scale up to an advanced intermediate, establishing the scalability of this approach.
The expression of transmembrane channel-like 5 in gastric cancer and its impact on tumor progression
Retraction: The analysis and solution for intercity travel behaviors during holidays in the post-epidemic era based on big data
A phase jump phenomenon within the beat signal for dynamic target measurement in frequency-sweeping interferometry
Frequency-sweeping interferometry (FSI) is an advanced coherent measurement technique capable of simultaneous high-precision measurement of dynamic target absolute distance and velocity. This study reveals that the dynamic target modulates the beat signal in FSI, causing the phase jump phenomenon in the beat signal and subsequent measurement failures. We theoretically derive and experimentally validate the conditions for phase jumps. Additionally, we propose using time-frequency analysis methods to detect phase jump instants and reconstruct the instantaneous frequency trajectory of the beat signal modulated by phase jumps. Experimental results show that even with phase jumps, we achieved a dynamic velocity measurement of −135.40 mm/s on a 0.5 m baseline, surpassing the theoretical limit of −4.40 mm/s under this baseline, while maintaining effective measurement capability on an extended 10 m baseline. The discovery and resolution of phase jumps are expected to overcome velocity limitation in FSI, significantly expanding its velocity measurement range.
Low Molecular Weight Multistate Photoswitches Based on Simple Norbornadiene‐Triazine Scaffolds
Abstract We have synthesized and characterized a series of simple norbornadiene(NBD)‐triazine architectures, including multistate photoswitches with unprecedentedly high information storage densities. The simple mono‐NBDs served as suitable model systems to investigate the underlying absorption and switching characteristics. To increase the complexity stepwise, a bis ‐NBD derivative with a symmetric substitution pattern was investigated next. By combining different NBD substituents with varying electron demands, two asymmetric compounds, one bis ‐NBD and one tris ‐NBD, were prepared and investigated. In the case of the tris ‐NBD, the selective switching of the individual NBD chromophores is hampered by the too closely related optical properties of all three NBD units. On the other hand, the asymmetric photoswitch system containing two NBD‐substituents fulfilled the requirements of a selectively addressable multistate system with an extremely high information storage density. Nearly all possible NBD/quadricyclane (QC) combinations could be realized here, including their reversible interconversion and the respective protonated forms. Quantum chemical calculations corroborated our experimental findings.
A deep learning framework for automated early diagnosis and classification of skin cancer lesions in dermoscopy images
Lower cancer incidence three years after COVID-19 infection in a large veteran population
Background The role of COVID-19 infection in cancer incidence risk is not known. COVID-19 infection may lead to increased cancer risk, as seen with other viruses, or to decreased risk due to the activation of the immune response during acute infection. This study aimed to determine the association between cancer incidence in US Veterans and COVID-19 infection. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of US Veterans comparing those who tested positive for COVID-19 during the first wave of COVID-19 between March 15, 2020, and Nov 30, 2020, to those who tested negative. We used data from the COVID-19 Shared Data Resource and Cox proportional hazard regression models to determine the hazard ratio of a new cancer diagnosis within a three-year follow-up period for the COVID-19 positive patients compared to those who were negative. Covariates included age, race, ethnicity, sex, BMI, smoking, being an active patient in the VHA system within a year of the COVID-19 test, and other factors. Results 499,396 patients were included in this study, with 88590 (17.2%) COVID-19 positive, 427566 (82.8%) COVID-19 negative. The ages of the COVID-19 positive and negative patients were 57.9 ± 16.4 and 59.5 ± 15.8, respectively. For those who survived for at least 30 days after COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 infection was associated with a 25% reduction in the hazard of cancer (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.73–0.77). The reduction of the hazard was similar across sexes and races, except in Asians. Above 45 years of age, the hazard of cancer incidence further decreased with advancing age. Conclusions Patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in the first wave of the pandemic had a decreased risk of cancer incidence in a 3-year follow-up across gender and race. Further multicenter prospective cohort studies are needed to evaluate the mechanism of this interaction.
Phonon-mediated shift currents in twisted bilayer MoS2
Twisted bilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits significant bulk photovoltaic effects (BPVE) due to its unique moiré superlattice, which introduces nontrivial quantum geometry and modulates the electronic bands. Here, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the BPVE in twisted bilayer MoS2, focusing on the role of phonon-assisted processes. We find that phonon-assisted transitions can mediate a non-zero displacement of electron and hole wave packets, a critical component of shift current. This displacement, driven by the interband Berry connection, leads to a measurable change in the polarization phase of the shift current. Using laser excitation at different wavelengths, we observe variations in the polarization phase during interband excitonic transitions, highlighting the critical role of phonons. Our findings reveal phonon-mediated interband processes and modulation mechanisms of shift vectors, which provide design principles for developing twist-engineered optoelectronic devices with polarization-programmable photoresponse.