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Frequency-aware high-precision formation control of unmanned surface vehicle clusters
Undiagnosed hypertension and its determinants among adults in Rwanda in the 2021–2022 WHO STEPS survey
Abstract Hypertension remains a major public health concern in Rwanda, yet many affected adults remain undiagnosed. This study examined the extent and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension using data from the nationally representative 2021–2022 Rwanda STEPS Survey. A total of 1,223 adults aged 18–69 years who met clinical criteria for hypertension were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Survey-adjusted multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with being undiagnosed. Overall, 42.9% (95% CI: 39.1–46.9; n = 524 ) of hypertensive adults were unaware of their condition. Younger adults were significantly more likely to be undiagnosed, particularly those aged 18–24 years (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.30–6.30, p = 0.009) and 25–34 years (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.11–3.20, p = 0.020). Men had more than double the odds of being undiagnosed compared with women (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.82–3.96, p < 0.001). Higher education was protective, while residents of the Western Province showed elevated odds (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.07–3.05, p = 0.026). Not visiting a health worker in the past year was the strongest predictor of remaining undiagnosed (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.33–4.51, p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need to expand routine blood pressure screening to younger adults and men, and to strengthen community-based detection efforts across Rwanda.
Metformin combined with chemotherapy improved the treatment response of patients with high-grade B-cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Abstract High-grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBCL) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBL-DH/TH) are aggressive and often resistant to standard chemotherapy, and metformin has shown promising anti-lymphoma effects. This study evaluated how lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (ALB), and oncogene expression levels affect outcomes in HGBCL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and assessed the impact of adding metformin to chemotherapy. This prospective study, conducted between 2021 and 2024, involved HGBCL and DLBCL patients, of which 162 patients with DLBCL and 120 with DTH-HGBL were analyzed, focusing on their diabetes status and metformin use. Patients received 8 cycles of either CHOP or R-CHOP chemotherapy, and metformin use was monitored. Treatment response was evaluated after completion, with a median follow-up of 3 years. Serum levels of LDH and albumin were measured. Additionally, tissue samples were prepared and stained to detect bcl-2, c-myc, and bcl-6 proteins using immunohistochemistry. Among 282 lymphoma patients, 60–68% achieved complete remission, with better survival linked to 60.63% lower LDH, 68.08% higher ALB, and negative oncogene markers. Diabetic patients on metformin showed the best overall survival (OS), while those not on metformin had the worst ( p = 0.05). Metformin maintenance in diabetic lymphoma patients was linked to lower LDH (79.07%), higher ALB (86.04%), fewer relapses, and better survival (51.16%), in DTH-HGBCL patients, compared to those not on metformin. In 259 lymphoma patients, high c-myc and bcl-2/bcl-6 expression was linked to poorer treatment response and survival ( p < 0.001). Adding metformin to chemotherapy improved remission rates and 3-year survival, especially in patients with these protein expressions ( p < 0.001), suggesting metformin helps overcome chemotherapy resistance in high-risk cases. The study found that metformin improves remission and survival rates in high-risk lymphoma patients, and in diabetic DLBCL and DTH-HGBCL patients. It suggests metformin may be a helpful addition to standard lymphoma treatments.
A heterogeneous stacking ensemble with explainable AI for mental health risk prediction in university students
A differential qualitative analysis following a laughie laughter prescription intervention in earthquake survivors
Deep-Pose-Tracker: an automated behavioural analysis framework for Caenorhabditis elegans
Modelling the impact of awareness campaigns on HPV transmission dynamics: a neural network-enhanced mathematical model
Federated multi-modal data fusion for enhanced state of health forecasting in battery electric vehicle fleets incorporating vehicle-to-grid operations
Defining the levels of the chromatin landscape using the I-CATCH system
Abstract Alterations of the epigenome, including histone tail post-translational modifications (PTMs), have been shown to regulate the expression of genes important for driving multiple cellular processes including cellular differentiation, aging and tumorigenesis. Although the ability to measure histone tail PTM levels is integral to the understanding of chromatin biology, because of technological limitations, the proportion of nucleosomes that have histone tail PTMs at genomic loci remain undefined. To overcome this limitation, we developed the i mmuno-profiling of d Ca s9 t argeted ch romatin (I-CATCH) system, a technology designed to measure and normalize the levels of nucleosomes and co-occurring histone tail PTMs at targeted loci. Here, we show that the I-CATCH system has high analytical performance for measuring the levels of histone tail PTMs and we report the normalized levels of multiple histone tail PTMs at different genomic loci from both HeLa cells and human plasma. While further studies are required to determine the full utility of the I-CATCH system, we are hopeful that the I-CATCH system will help enable the ability to investigate new important features of chromatin biology.
Predicting optimal CPAP pressure in obstructive sleep apnea among Chinese patients using respiratory endotype derived from polysomnography
Women’s birth experience according to the type of pushing used during the second stage of labour: a pragmatic randomised trial—The EOLE study
Modulation of inflammatory pain by myeloid FABP5
Subspace-confined QAOA with generalized dicke states for multi-channel allocation in 5G CBRS networks
Abstract Efficient spectrum sharing in the Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band is essential for maximizing 5G network capacity, particularly when high-traffic base stations require simultaneous access to multiple channels. Standard Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) formulations impose such multi-channel constraints through penalty terms, so most of the explored Hilbert space corresponds to invalid assignments. We propose a subspace-confined QAOA tailored to CBRS multi-channel allocation, in which each node-wise channel register is initialized in a Generalized Dicke state and evolved under an intra-register XY mixer. This ansatz confines the dynamics to a tensor product of Johnson-graph subspaces that exactly encode heterogeneous per-node Hamming-weight constraints. Rather than claiming near-term quantum advantage over mature classical solvers on small instances, we emphasize a constraint-preserving ansatz design that keeps the variational dynamics inside the valid allocation manifold. We complement this design with larger-scale and topology-diverse evaluations on structured and Erdős–Rényi interference graphs for $$n=10,12,14$$ nodes (up to 42 qubits). We also include stronger classical heuristics, an exact ILP benchmark, a QAOA depth study for $$p=1,2,3$$ , a small-scale dual-constraint validation, explicit circuit-resource analysis, and search-space scaling analysis. Across all tested instances, the proposed ansatz maintains unit feasibility ratio and zero mean demand deviation, while producing conflict levels that remain competitive with the strongest classical baselines. We further present a dual-constraint extension that simultaneously preserves node-wise demands and per-channel capacities, and we frame this extension as a proof-of-principle construction rather than a hardware-optimized near-term primitive.
Insights on the accumulation and biomagnification of priority hazardous contaminants in anadromous fish from a European UNESCO Biosphere reserve area
Single‐Crystal Covalent Organic Frameworks for Anhydrous Proton Conduction Above 200°C
ABSTRACT The development of fast proton‐conducting materials that operate above 150°C with high chemical stability is both challenging and critically important for advancing proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this study, we constructed two three‐dimensional COFs with covalent phosphonate modification using a solvent‐free, melt‐phase post‐synthetic modification (PSM) strategy. This approach simultaneously reduces imine to amine linkages and constructs C─P bonds, covalently anchoring phosphonate groups without disrupting crystal integrity. Single‐crystal x‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis reveals precise geometric changes in the framework and the formation of an extended N─H···O═P hydrogen‐bond network. The functionalized single‐crystal COFs exhibit excellent anhydrous proton conduction along the crystallographic c ‐axis at exceptionally high temperatures, achieving 8.91 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 210°C for COF‐300‐DMP and 5.65 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 230°C for COF‐300‐DEP. The remarkably low activation energies (0.196‒0.229 eV) indicate a Grotthuss‐type hopping mechanism. This work not only establishes a generalizable route for COF functionalization but also provides a definitive blueprint for designing advanced proton conductors for extreme environments.
Comparative transcriptomics unraveling the genetic duel between high-THC and high-CBD strains in Cannabis sativa L. cannabinoid biosynthesis
Recycling <sup>99</sup> Tc From Nuclear Wastewater by Coupling Photocatalysis and In Situ Ion‐Exchange on Bifunctional K‐SnS/TiO <sub>2</sub> Heterojunction
ABSTRACT The sustainable management of radionuclides in nuclear wastewater, typically like 99 TcO 4 − resulting from 238 U fission, is limited by their high mobility, long half‐lives and redox sensitivity. Herein, we developed a photocatalysis–ion‐exchange coupling strategy for closed‐loop removal and recycling of radioactive metal in nuclear wastewater based on a novel bifunctional K‐SnS/TiO 2 heterojunction. The photocatalytic reduction with in situ ion‐exchange converted mobile 99 TcO 4 − into immobilized 99 Tc 3+ . HCOOH‐assisted photocatalysis by generating ·CO 2 − radicals on TiO 2 , thus driving rapid 99 TcO 4 − reduction. Simultaneously, layered K‐SnS captured 99 Tc 3+ via in situ ion‐exchange with the K + in the framework, thereby forming stable coordination environments that inhibited the re‐oxidation of 99 Tc 3+ to soluble 99 TcO 4 − . Finally, the 99 Tc 3+ could be recycled by reverse ion‐exchange in concentrated KCl solution. This coupled electron–ion transfer established a dynamic interfacial mechanism that linked redox transformation with structural confinement. The system achieves efficient 99 Tc removal across diverse aqueous chemistries, including high ionic strength conditions, and enables complete recovery through reverse ion‐exchange. Our results provide a generalizable route for integrating the transformation, immobilization, and recovery of redox‐active contaminants, thereby advancing sustainable nuclear wastewater management.
Experimental and FE analysis of thrust force, burr formation, and tool wear in drilling aluminized steel
Nitrogen Speciation Dictates Industrial‐Current Oxygen Reduction in Metal‐Free Macrocycles for H <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> Synthesis
ABSTRACT Oxygen activation is a cornerstone of sustainable electrosynthesis, yet controlling reactive intermediates without metallic centers remains challenging at industrial current densities. Here we establish nitrogen speciation as a molecular descriptor for governing oxygen activation in metal‐free macrocycles. Guided by density functional theory, we designed a tetra‐aza macrocycle with nearly exclusive pyridinic nitrogen, distinct from the mixed‐nitrogen environments of conventional porphyrins and phthalocyanines. This configuration uniquely stabilizes the key *OOH intermediate while strengthening interfacial electronic coupling with carbon supports. When integrated into a flow‐cell electrolyzer, the catalyst achieves ∼95% H 2 O 2 Faradaic efficiency and stability for over 800 h at 300 mA cm −2 , continuously generating >3 wt.% H 2 O 2 . Furthermore, in situ generated reactive oxygen species enable selective ambient upgrading of furfural to oxime (>90% yield). Techno‐economic analysis supports the economic viability of the process. By linking well‐defined nitrogen coordination to scalable device performance, this work provides a blueprint for translating molecular precision into practical electrocatalytic manufacturing.