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Pushing the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Limits of Near-Infrared Emissive Cr<sup>III</sup> Complexes in Photocatalysis
Anti-radar based on metasurface
Assessment of terrestrial radionuclide exposure and contamination rates within the Mbaitoli area, Nigeria
Electronic Textiles Based on Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks as Scavengers and Sensors of Toxic Oxyanions from Water
IgG autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid induce a pathogenic MyD88-dependent pro-inflammatory response in keratinocytes
Sambucus nigra alleviates fenpropathrin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats via modulation of NF-κB/TNF-α axis
Abstract This research assessed the effectiveness of Sambucus nigra (SN) in alleviating hepatorenal injury caused by fenpropathrin (FNP) in rodents. Six equal groups were created from the 30 Wistar rats: Group 1 was the negative control, Groups 2 and 3 were the SN control groups, Group 4 was the FNP group, and Groups 5 and 6 were the FNP + SN combination groups. The hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of SN were assessed by quantifying serum enzyme markers, including ALT, AST, ALP, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Oxidative stress indicators, RT-PCR analysis, histological examination, and immunohistochemistry studies were conducted on the liver and kidneys to confirm the previously indicated parameters. The rats administered FNP injections displayed increased blood marker enzyme levels, altered oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, and significant pathogenic changes in hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, these rats exhibited elevated levels of caspase-3 and iNOS, linked to the triggered expression of TNF-α and NF-κB genes in these tissues. Administering SN enhanced all the aforementioned toxicological parameters. The prospective hepato-renal therapeutic benefits of SN against impairment of the liver and kidneys induced by FNP have been evidenced through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic pathways.
Mechanobiology of the blood-brain barrier during development, disease and ageing
Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) preserves brain health through selective permeability, and its disruption is a hallmark of many neurological disorders. Mechanical stimuli such as shear stress and cyclic strain are increasingly recognised to influence BBB integrity and function, while alterations in tissue stiffness and extracellular matrix composition contribute to its breakdown during ageing and disease. Despite its importance, BBB mechanobiology remains underexplored. Here we highlight the central role of mechanics in BBB development, pathology, and ageing, identify key knowledge gaps, and argue that combining innovative BBB model systems with mechanical probing techniques could transform therapeutic strategies targeting brain vascular dysfunction.
Diffusion tensor imaging reveals myocardial architectural differences between porcine and primate hearts with potential implications for cardiac xenotransplantation
Stone tools suggest that hominins arrived on Indonesian island much earlier than thought
De Novo Design of High-Performance Cortisol Luminescent Biosensors
Enzymatic craftsmanship in collagen glycosylation
Species-independent analysis and identification of emotional animal vocalizations
Surface Acidity of Oxygen Evolution Intermediates by Excited State Optical Spectroscopy
Lactuca super-pangenome provides insights into lettuce genome evolution and domestication
CytoAnalyst web platform facilitates comprehensive single cell RNA sequencing analysis
Limestone Conversion to Cement Clinker Precursor in a Zero-Gap Electrolyzer
Adaptive resetting for informed search strategies and the design of non-equilibrium steady-states
Serological differentiation of West Nile, Usutu, and tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies in birds and horses using mutant E protein ELISAs
Abstract West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) are worldwide endemic zoonotic orthoflaviviruses, often co-circulating in the same areas. Serological studies in animals, mostly birds and horses, are important means to monitor the spread of these viruses and the infection risks for humans. However, cross-reactive antibodies to these structurally similar flaviviruses frequently impact serological differentiation in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), hence time-consuming virus neutralization tests (VNTs) have to be employed in laboratories with high biosafety level. This study presents ELISAs using recombinant flavivirus E proteins with point mutations in the conserved fusion loop domain (Equad proteins) for differentiating IgY or IgG antibodies against WNV, USUV or TBEV in ducks, geese, chickens and horses. Panels of 169 duck and goose sera, 101 chicken sera and 136 horse sera were tested in Equad ELISAs, which resulted in high sensitivity and specificity, further improved by a pre-absorption step for the differentiation of WNV and USUV antibodies. Equad ELISAs for poultry and horse sera enable the reliable differentiation of WNV, USUV and TBEV specific antibodies without the need for VNTs, which has important implications for conducting seroprevalence studies as well as for veterinary routine diagnosis.