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Transgenerational effects of peppermint essential oil on life table parameters and antioxidant enzymes in Callosobruchus maculatus
Zwitterionic poly-carboxybetaine-dexamethasone conjugates do not alleviate cartilage degeneration and synovitis in the collagenase-induced osteoarthritis model in rats
Abstract Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease for which there is yet to be a disease-modifying drug available in clinics. New drug candidates often fail due to a combination of poor pharmacokinetics as well as an inability to address the complex, multifactorial nature of osteoarthritis. To address these issues, we developed a zwitterionic poly-carboxybetaine acrylamide-dexamethasone (pCBAA-DEX) conjugate showing good cartilage penetration as well as anti-inflammatory and lubricating properties in previous in vitro studies. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of pCBAA-DEX in the collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA) model in rats. Upon induction of the model, animals received one-time, unilateral injections of either saline, DEX or pCBAA-DEX on day 4 (N = 8). On day 70, joint tissues were harvested and analyzed. While pCBAA-DEX achieved ~ 50% cartilage retention at the terminal timepoint, it did not prevent cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation and synovial fibrosis, nor did DEX alone. Nevertheless, DEX and pCBAA-DEX slightly decreased the fibrosis levels in the synovium with DEX also decreasing the number of synovial lining layers. For the cartilage, DEX did not cause any notable differences, instead we observed an increase in cartilage degeneration in the pCBAA-DEX group. These findings challenge the previous in vitro results and motivate a substantial redesign of these conjugates and associated in vitro methods to reconsider them for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Effect of visual searching and obstacle crossing on gait performance in older adults
Kronecker convolutional feature pyramid for fault diagnosis in rolling bearings
Selenium enhances salt tolerance in safflower via biochemical and molecular modulation
High intensity interval training and selenium nanoparticles protect hippocampal neurons and enhance cognitive function in diabetic rats
Diagnostic accuracy of urinary PENK methylation test for urothelial and other cancers: A prospective study
The impact of stenosis treatment on the hemodynamic crosstalk between carotid arteries
The binding sites of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and xenon reveal a putative exhaust channel for bovine cytochrome c oxidase
Novel protocol for mapping virus integration sites in genes involved in therapy resistance
Abstract Retroviral transduction of cancer cell lines has been used to find genes related to therapy resistance. Characterization of virus integration sites (VIS) pinpointing these genes has been cumbersome. This study defines a sequencing-based protocol to rapidly characterize genomic loci near VIS. The protocol selectively amplifies VIS-genome junctions using the retroviral vector neomycin (NEO) gene, Genomic Walker Adapter approach, linker-mediated NEO-PCR (LM-NEO-PCR) or biotinylated NEO-capture, followed by long terminal repeats PCR (LTR-PCR). LTR-genome junctions were sequenced (NGS), reads mapped, quantified, and linked to genes. The protocol was tested on DNA from single clones holding twenty reported VIS loci and on multiplex and diluted clone DNA samples. Our VIS-NGS protocol enriched significantly (p < 0.02) more loci at high reads coverage in samples with VIS compared to negative controls. The protocol found seventeen reported VIS loci (85%) in single clone DNAs, of which fifteen loci (88%) were also detected in multiplex samples. Six loci were evaluated for all dilutions, with three loci detected at lowest 1% clone proportion. The protocol can be conducted in two weeks and successfully found almost all VIS loci in single VIS clones and detected half of the evaluated loci at low clone proportion.
Exploring the mechanical, dynamical, and thermal stability of Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Br, Cl) for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications
Development and validation of a basement membrane inflammatory response gene signature in lung adenocarcinoma
In vitro evaluation of mesalazine enteric-coated tablet dissolution by the reciprocating cylinder method
Evaluation of model-simulated tropical cyclone response on the biogeochemical parameters using profiling float observations in the Arabian Sea
Investigation of joint formation in aluminum wire and nickel-coated copper terminals using ultrasonic welding
Abstract The presence of intermetallic compounds (IMC) can significantly degrade the mechanical properties of joints, leading to premature failure. This paper presents a detailed investigation into the mechanical manufacturing and forming quality of ultrasonically welded joints between aluminum wire, copper terminals and nickel-coated copper terminals. The electroplated nickel coating enhances the corrosion resistance and operating temperature tolerance of copper substrate. The changes in failure load and energy absorption of welded joints were analyzed by examining the force-displacement curves. Microscopic morphology and elemental composition of joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The nickel-coated copper terminals inhibit metallurgical bonding to some extent and reduce the formation of IMCs at the weld interface. The average failure load of the Al-Ni joint was 2558.85 N which is 2.05% lower than Al-Cu joint, which had an average failure load of 2612.52 N. The average energy absorption of the Ni joints (21.65 J) was 20.14% lower than Al-Cu joints (27.11 J). The results indicate that while the coating has a negligible effect on joint strength, it does weaken the impact and seismic resistance of the joint. The joints can be used in manufacturing electrical components such as connectors, switches and sensors, where reliable electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion are critical.
Identification and analysis of driving factors for ecosystem service bundles in Shanxi Province under multiple scenario simulations
Abstract In the context of carbon peak and energy structure transformation, ecosystem service bundle(ESB) have obvious changes. As a typical ecologically fragile area in China, the study of ESB in Shanxi Province plays a significant effect in regional sustainable development and ecological governance. This paper employs the PLUS model to simulate land use patterns, which utilizes land use data about Shanxi Province for the years 1980, 2000, and 2020. By integrating this with the dynamic ecosystem service value (ESV) model to assess the ESV, the evolutionary trajectory of the ESB is systematically revealed. Additionally, the driving factors behind the changes in ESB are analyzed using geographic detectors. The results indicated that: (1)From 1980 to 2020, the area of cultivated land consistently decreased, while the area of construction land expanded rapidly. By 2040, the area of cultivated land under the NDS is projected to decrease by 4.21%, whereas under the FPS, it is expected to increase by 4.35% due to policy intervention. (2)The total value of ESV exhibited fluctuations in an ‘N-type’ pattern. From 1980 to 2020, there was an overall decline of 2.05%, but the ESV is projected to rebound by 0.84% in 2040(FPS). (3)The synergistic relationship among ecosystem services was dominant, accounting for 88.79%, yet the trade-off coefficient between FP-CR increased by 23.5% over the past decade, which is underscoring the significant conflict between food production and ecological protection.(4)Three types of ESBs were identified: the agricultural production-leading bundle (ESB1), the ecological regulation-strengthening bundle (ESB2), and the water conservation-sensitive bundle (ESB3).The proportion of stable types reached its peak at 82.91% under the AEDS, highlighting the reinforcing effect of market mechanisms on ecological function lock-in. The research findings can provide valuable decision support for land space optimization in ecologically fragile areas and the value transformation of ecological product.