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Characterization of H3K4me3 in mouse oocytes at the metaphase II stage
Metabolic response to an acute bout of mild dynamic exercise performed under normobaric moderate hypoxia: A NMR-based metabolomics study
The combination of hypoxia and exercise offers significant potential benefits for non-athletic individuals, particularly in clinical and rehabilitation settings. Personalized hypoxic exercise programs can be tailored to improve cardiovascular and metabolic health, enhance recovery, and promote adaptation to low-oxygen environments. However, finding the optimal balance between exercise variables (intensity, duration, frequency, type of exercise), and hypoxic exposure parameters (altitude level, duration, session frequency), remains challenging. Further research is needed to understand how these variables interact to optimize hypoxic exercise protocols. In the present study, we explored the effects of a single session of mild dynamic exercise conducted in normobaric hypoxia (FiO2 = 13.5%) on the plasma and urine metabolome of thirteen healthy young adults (age 29.7 ± 4.5 y, body mass index 23.5 ± 1.4 kg/m2). For comparative purposes, participants performed the same exercise under normoxia (FiO2 = 21%). During both exercise sessions, subjects wore a mask connected to a hypoxic gas generator while seated on a cycle ergometer. After a 4 minute rest, they pedaled for 3 minutes at 30% of their Wmax, followed by 6 minutes of recovery. Hemodynamic parameters were measured at four time points, and biological samples (blood and urine) were collected before the test and within 5 minutes of exercise completion. Samples were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis of NMR datasets revealed noteworthy changes in the levels of certain metabolites following the hypoxic session: 3-hydroxybutyrate, branched-chain amino acids, citrate, lactate, phenylalanine, succinate, and tyrosine in plasma; 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, alanine, acetone, dimethylamine, glycine, lactate, succinate, and taurine in urine. These metabolic shifts, along with their statistically significant correlations with hemodynamic parameters, suggest an adaptive modulation of energy metabolism pathways in response to mild hypoxic stress.
Fabrication of biodegradable nanocomposite scaffolds with hydroxyapatite, magnetic clay, and graphene oxide for bone tissue engineering
Considering human interference to prioritize spatial conservation in a transboundary river basin using zonation
Modeling and optimization control of SOEC with flexible adjustment capabilities
Research on the proximity relationships of psychosomatic disease knowledge graph modules extracted by large language models
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A randomized clinical trial of erector spinae plane block and chronic pain after posterior lumbar surgery
Testing for individual differences in the effects of men’s physical attractiveness and perceived abusiveness on women’s hypothetical dating decisions
Abstract Romantic-partner choice is a fundamental human behaviour. However, the factors that influence partner choice remain poorly understood. Here we investigated (1) how women’s first impressions of potential partners’ physical attractiveness and potential for abusive behaviour based on face images influence hypothetical dating decisions and (2) possible moderating effects of individual differences in women’s sensation seeking, sociosexual orientation (i.e., openness to uncommitted sexual relationships), current partnership status, and self-perceived mate value (i.e., self-rated attractiveness). Physical attractiveness of potential dates, but not perceptions of potential for abusive behaviour, was a strong predictor of reported dating intentions, but this effect of physical attractiveness was weaker among women who scored higher on sensation seeking. None of the other individual-difference variables had significant effects. Collectively, these findings present further evidence for the importance of physical attractiveness in dating and partner choices and highlight the role sensation seeking appears to play in individual differences in the effect of men’s physical attractiveness on women’s dating intentions.
Multi-omics analysis reveals inhibition of osteosarcoma progression by sporoderm-removed Ganoderma lucidum spores via targeting glycerophospholipid and fatty acid metabolism
Conic curve encryption and digital signature based on complex number theory for cybersecurity applications
Abstract Secure image transmission requires robust algorithms to ensure authentication, integrity, non-repudiation, and confidentiality. Addressing emerging security challenges necessitates continuous advancements in cryptographic design. This paper presents an authenticated and encrypted image scheme that achieves all essential security services. While Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) remains a fundamental component of recent encryption schemes, it is vulnerable to side-channel and inherent ECC-specific attacks. To overcome these vulnerabilities, the proposed scheme replaces ECC with Conic curve cryptography (CCC), offering enhanced security and performance. The integration of complex number theory with CCC enables a secure complex key exchange and incorporates a robust Iterative conic curve pseudorandom number generator (ICC-PRNG) to thwart all known attack types. The system is a public key cryptosystem based on multi-hard problems, including the Gaussian conic curve integer factorization problem (GCC-IFP), Conic curve discrete logarithm problem (CC-DLP), and Conic curve integer factorization problem (CC-IFP), combined with XOR operations for image encryption. Additionally, the scheme introduces a novel complex digital signature for encrypted images, leveraging complex arithmetic to enhance security. Experimental results demonstrate high entropy 7.999, correlation near 0.0001, key space $$>{2}^{688}$$ , and average PSNR of 8.51 dB, ensuring resilience against brute-force and statistical attacks. Additionally, the scheme achieves encryption times of 25 ms, making it suitable for real-time applications. Security analysis validates robustness against various attacks, with NIST statistical tests confirming ICC-PRNG effectiveness. By leveraging complex numbers over conic curves, the proposed method improves security and computational efficiency, establishing it as a promising solution for advanced image encryption.
The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 S1PR2 mediates chronic glucocorticoid exposure-induced hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia
Copper supplementation enhances pigmentation and induces dopamine production in ARPE19
Non-neuronal dopamine production has not been understood despite dopamine function in non-neuronal tissues. Tyrosinase is a non-neuronal enzyme which converts tyrosine to L-DOPA (l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and L-DOPA to l-dopaquinone for further melanin production. Since L-DOPA is a dopamine precursor in neurons, we hypothesized that tyrosinase-derived L-DOPA could alternatively be converted to dopamine. Therefore, this study investigated whether copper supplementation enhanced pigmentation and induced dopamine production via tyrosinase activation in APRE19 cells. Copper is known as a tyrosinase cofactor. In two separate experiments, we cultured ARPE19 in 1% FBS/DMEM with/without 10 μM copper sulfate for approximately 100 days. After 40–50 days, slight pigmentation with copper treatment was confirmed in the cell pellets, while no pigmentation was observed in the non-copper control. After 90–100 days, the pigmentation in the copper treatment group was obvious, while minimal pigmentation was observed in the non-copper control. Dopamine was not detected at 40–50 days in either group, while it was detected after 90–100 days of culture only in the copper-treated group. Tyrosinase mRNA expression was confirmed in both groups at a similar level, while tyrosinase protein expression was significantly higher in the copper treatment group than in the non-copper control. Thus, we determined that copper supplementation efficiently enhances pigmentation and induces dopamine production in long-term culture ARPE19, likely due to increased tyrosinase protein expression and activity. This is the first report showing the significance of copper in non-neuronal dopamine production of RPE cells, which suggests that tyrosinase may be responsible for non-neuronal dopamine production.
Impaired degree centrality and effective connectivity contributed to deficits in cognition and depression in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
An integrating RAG-LLM and deep Q-network framework for intelligent fish control systems
Nucleosome organization of mouse embryos during pre-implantation development
Light induced transthylakoidal proton gradient is a key signal driving the downward migration of motile diatoms in sediments
Abstract Pennate diatoms are photosynthetic microorganisms capable of directed motility in response to light. In sedimentary habitats, many epipelic pennate diatoms exhibit photophobic migration under high light, a behaviour critical for avoiding photodamage and key to ecological success. While the ecophysiological significance of this behaviour is well-documented, the mechanisms linking light sensing to motility remain poorly understood. This study investigated whether the transthylakoidal proton gradient (ΔpH), generated under high light, intervenes in the signal transduction mechanism driving photophobic migration. The impact of the ΔpH inhibitors Nigericin and Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) on the vertical migration of benthic pennate diatoms was monitored using non-destructive imaging chlorophyll fluorometry on intertidal diatom-dominated microphytobenthos biofilms. The results showed that ΔpH inhibition significantly reduced the downward, high light-avoiding, migratory response, supporting the hypothesis that ΔpH plays a central role in mediating this response. Additionally, results showed that the effective quantum yield of PSII and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were impacted by ΔpH inhibition with a dose-dependent effect. These findings strongly support ΔpH as an integrative signal linking physiological and behavioural photoprotection mechanisms and suggest that ΔpH may also modulate intracellular signalling, explaining the efficient capacity of pennate diatoms to cope with high light exposure in benthic habitats.
Green synthesis of ZnS/MoS2-decorated porous carbon for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light
Abstract This study investigated a one-step green pyrolysis method inspired by chemical vapor deposition, utilizing melamine and zinc nitrate precursors with varying sulfur content for degradation and adsorption of tetracycline. The method effectively synthesized a ZnS/MoS2 heterojunction composite supported on a porous carbon substrate. It takes advantage of the gases (such as CO2, CO, and H2O) naturally released during pyrolysis to serve as internal activating agents. In contrast to traditional techniques that rely on inert atmospheres, chemical additives, or complicated high-temperature setups, this method minimizes both the ecological footprint and procedural complexity. The optimal composite, PCS2 (synthesized with 2 g of sulfur), exhibited the lowest band gap of 2.91 eV and the highest specific surface area of 216.83 m2 g−1, making it the most effective among the tested samples. This composite achieved 55% adsorption of pollutants and demonstrated a total removal efficiency of 81% for tetracycline. The addition of scavengers revealed that the primary active species in the reaction were holes. This synthesized method shows great promise for preparing heterojunction structures, making it highly suitable for removing organic pollutants from contaminated water.
A customized image editing framework for diverse prohibited and restricted products in illegal online transactions
Optimizing the safety-efficiency trade-off on nationwide air traffic network flow using cooperative co-evolutionary paradigm
Abstract Safety and efficiency are two classical conflicting objectives in the air traffic system: an increase in efficiency may come at the cost of increasing density of aircraft in the space, which increases collision risk and controllers’ workload. Nationwide air traffic network flow optimization (ATNFO) is an effective way to pursue trade-offs between safety and efficiency by optimizing flight departure time-slots and routes within a given time period and under the latest airspace resources. Solving a national ATNFO problem is usually bedeviled by “the curse of dimensionality” as it consists of a huge number of variables. This paper presents a specific “divide-and-conquer” based approach, namely H-COEA, to solve it. Firstly, an effective chromosome representative scheme, which can be naturally divided into 3 sub-components, i.e., the departure time-slots, the heuristic for selecting flight route, and the timetabling indicating the order and fairness for flight to select route, is employed. And then, the corresponding 3 sub-populations are co-evolved based on a Cooperative Co-evolution (CC) paradigm. Four different-scale ATNFO problems are solved with H-COEA and the state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. Results show that H-COEA obtains better trade-offs between safety and efficiency, making CC paradigm appropriating for solving large-scale ATNFO problem.