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Mentally simulated motor actions are resistant to acute stress in police officers

Modified control method of a motion compensated gangway

With the growing demand for offshore operations such as wind farm maintenance and maritime transportation, motion-compensated gangways are widely employed on vessels to counteract ship motions in roll, pitch, and heave. However, the persistent and unpredictable ship motion disturbance, combined with nonlinearities in hydraulic system makes motion-compensated gangways more complex dynamic characteristics, which brings huge challenges for the controller design. To address the aforementioned problems, this paper proposes an improved cascade control strategy. Specifically, a dynamic model of the motion-compensated gangway, accounting for the ship motion disturbance, is established using Kane’s method, and the coupling between the gangway’s end-effector and ship motions is investigated. A multi-degree-of-freedom velocity compensation strategy is then introduced into the improved cascade control approach. Finally, simulations are included to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Charge energy-dependent interlock and failure behavior of CFRP/Al E-SPR joints

Use of the “STANDARD G6PDTM” quantitative point-of-care test in neonates and infants

Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia represents a considerable cause of mortality and long term-morbidity in neonates born in low resource settings. Early identification of risk factors, such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status, has the potential to prevent severe hyperbilirubinaemia and improve the clinical outcomes. The primary aim of the study was to assess equivalency of cord blood and neonatal capillary blood for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency using the quantitative point-of-care “STANDARD G6PD TM ” test (SD Biosensor, Korea). The secondary aim was to analyse changes in G6PD activity in the first 4 months of life. A total of 75 neonates born in Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics were selected based on their G6PD status assessed through routine cord blood screening using the “STANDARD G6PD TM ” test. Using activity thresholds established before in this setting, 25 G6PD deficient, 25 G6PD intermediate and 25 G6PD normal neonates were identified and re-tested using capillary blood collected within 24 hours of life and at day 7 by both “STANDARD G6PD TM ” test and gold standard spectrophotometric assay. They were also followed-up at 1 and 4 months of age to study haematologic and G6PD activity changes over time. The results showed that the “STANDARD G6PD TM ” can be used reliably up to one week of life for testing neonates using the same thresholds established in cord blood. Agreement of G6PD activity measured by the point-of-care test as compared to the gold standard spectrophotometry remained excellent at all sampling time-points. Nevertheless, G6PD activity assessed longitudinally in the same participants decreased over time, both at 1 month of age and at 4 months of age, and interpretation of results in female infants with intermediate activity might require different thresholds. The study demonstrated that the “STANDARD G6PD TM ” can effectively support clinical care in neonates and infants in populations with prevalent G6PD deficiency at the primary care level and especially in low-resource settings.

Intestinal FXR deficiency uncouples steatosis protection from liver inflammation and fibrosis in MASH-diet fed mice

Abstract The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), a nuclear bile acid (BA) receptor highly expressed in the liver and intestine, is a potential pharmacological target for Metabolic dysfunction-Associated SteatoHepatitis (MASH). While intestinal FXR inhibition reduces high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis, its role in MASH progression remains unclear. This study investigates the impact of intestinal FXR-deficiency on MASH development in a diet-induced murine model. Intestinal FXR-deficient ( int FXR KO) and control mice were fed a high-fat, sucrose, and cholesterol-enriched diet (HFSC) for 24 weeks. Intestinal immune phenotyping, microarray, 16 S rRNA sequencing, bile acid quantification and liver assessments (histology, biochemistry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)) were performed. int FXR KO mice were protected against HFSC diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis but exhibited altered expression of intestinal barrier-associated genes, with increased cytotoxic CD8 + T-lymphocytes. Microbiota composition and bile acid profiles were altered, including reduced Lachnospiraceae species correlating negatively with liver hyocholic acid levels. Despite a protection against hepatic steatosis, liver inflammation and fibrosis were unchanged in int FXR KO mice. Transcriptomic and Immune cell scRNA-seq analysis revealed alteration in immune-related pathways with an increased neutrophil proportion and higher cDC1:cDC2 and CD4:CD8 T cell ratios. Thus, intestinal FXR-deficiency limits steatosis but promote a distinct hepatic immune-inflammatory response and does not prevent progression to MASH.

Rheological properties and compressive properties of alkali-activated slag-fly ash geopolymer fluid solidified soil

To study the influence of the content of cementitious materials, water-solid ratio, fiber content and NaOH content on the rheological properties and compressive properties of geopolymer fluid solidified soil, and to reveal the influence mechanism of different factors on geopolymer fluid solidified soil (GFSS). Geopolymers prepared from slag and fly ash were mixed into aeolian soil as cementing materials, and the rheological parameters of GFSS were tested by MCR rheometer, and its compressive strength was tested after curing for 28 days, and its micro-morphology was obtained by SEM. When the content of cementing material is increased from 8% to 16%, the fluidity of GFSS decreased by 62.01 mm and the compressive strength increases by 121.52%. When the water-solid ratio increased from 0.26 to 0.34, the fluidity increased by 81.79%, and the compressive strength first increased and then decreased, reaching the peak when the water-solid ratio was 0.30. With the increase of fiber content, the fluidity will decrease, and the compressive strength will also increase first and then decrease. When the fiber content is 5‰, the fiber will form a stable three-dimensional network structure, and the compressive strength will reach 1.19MPa. With the increase of NaOH content, the fluidity of slurry decreases, the system structure becomes denser and the mechanical properties are significantly improved. When the proportion of NaOH is 6%, cementing material is 12%, water-solid ratio is 0.30, and fiber content is 5‰, the comprehensive performance of GFSS is good, which can meet the application requirements of secondary excavation and backfill engineering. The research results are of great significance for improving the design standard of solidified soil backfill engineering, increasing the service life of solidified soil backfill engineering and reducing the disaster of pavement collapse in seasonal frozen soil areas.

Dual-functional acetogenin nanofibers: bridging biomedical activity with brain-inspired neuromorphic devices

Degree of hypertension and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals without cardiovascular disease

Objective This study sought to evaluate the association between degree of hypertension and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Design and method We analyzed 7,332 asymptomatic individuals (mean age 52.8 ± 7.8 years; 4,680 [63.8%] men) without cardiovascular disease who voluntarily underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) as part of a general health examination. Hypertension classification was adapted from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2025 guidelines. The degree of coronary artery disease (CAD) was evaluated using CCTA and classified as normal coronary arteries, non-obstructive CAD (diameter stenosis <50%), and obstructive CAD (diameter stenosis ≥50%). Results The participants were classified into 4 groups: normal (systolic blood pressure [SBP] <120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] <80 mmHg; n = 2,500), elevated (SBP 120–129 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg; n = 969), stage 1 hypertension (SBP 130–139 mmHg or DBP 80–89 mmHg; n = 2,841), and stage 2 hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg; n = 1,022). After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the stage 1 hypertension group was significantly associated with non-obstructive CAD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.335; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.156–1.541). Furthermore, the stage 2 hypertension group had a significant association with both non-obstructive CAD (aOR, 1.483; 95% CI, 1.234–1.784) and obstructive CAD (aOR, 1.696; 95% CI, 1.194–2.409). Conclusions In this large cross-sectional study, the degree of hypertension was associated with an increased risk and severity of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. These findings highlight the potential importance of early recognition of blood pressure elevation and cardiovascular risk stratification in asymptomatic individuals.

Future changes in climate suitability, yields, and calorie optimization of four global staple food crops

Editorial Note: Provincial division of economic zones based on the improved urban gravity model: A case study of Hunan Province, China

Clustering matrix-object data by correlational structure as proxy causal signals

Abstract Matrix-object clustering addresses samples with multiple records per object. Many existing methods overlook within-object dependencies, which reduces interpretability and mixes heterogeneous regimes. We propose a clustering approach that uses intra-object correlational structure as a proxy for causal signals to separate regimes prior to any formal causal discovery. Each object is transformed into a rank-based correlation representation, enabling standard distance-based clustering while preserving interpretability. On synthetic and real-world datasets, the method yields stable, interpretable clusters that reduce regime mixing. We emphasize the boundary that correlation does not imply causation; correlational patterns are used only as proxy signals under the stated assumptions.

Impact of socioeconomic, demographic, maternal, infant and healthcare factors on early initiation of breastfeeding in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh demographic health survey (BDHS) 2022 data

Background Introducing an infant to the breast within an hour of birth is known as early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF). Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) was measured using BDHS 2022 data and defined as initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth, based on maternal self-report of the time elapsed between delivery and first breastfeeding. Using maternal self-reported timing of first breastfeeding from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2022, this study examined factors associated with EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh. Methods Data from 4,758 women who were fertile and had given birth were included in the study. To investigate the prevalence of EIBF and its association with different factors (socioeconomic, demographic, maternal, infant, and healthcare-related), descriptive analysis, and bivariate analysis using Pearson chi-square tests were carried out. Significant EIBF factors were found using binary logistic regression analysis. Results Skin-to-skin contact within one hour of birth was significantly associated with higher odds of EIBF (OR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.39–1.89). Cesarean delivery was associated with substantially lower odds of EIBF (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.33–0.49). Compared with home deliveries, births in government facilities (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.47–0.71) and private/NGO facilities (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.42–0.66) were associated with reduced likelihood of EIBF. Significant regional variation in EIBF was observed across administrative divisions. Maternal age, education, and household wealth index were not consistently associated with EIBF after adjustment. Based on the univariate analysis, the prevalence of EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh is 63.3%. The 95% Confidence Interval for this prevalence is (61.9% – 64.7%). Conclusion The significance of skin-to-skin contact for EIBF in Bangladesh is demonstrated in this study. The results indicate the necessity of focused initiatives to support EIBF, especially in medical settings and after cesarean deliveries. To understand the geographical differences in EIBF rates and create strategies to deal with them, more investigation is required. These discoveries can influence practice and policy to raise EIBF rates among Bangladesh’s varied demographics, improving the health of mothers and their offspring in the process.

SteuerLLM: local specialized large language model for German tax law analysis

Abstract Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong general reasoning and language understanding, yet their performance degrades in domains governed by strict formal rules, precise terminology, and legally binding structure. Tax law exemplifies these challenges, as correct answers require exact statutory citation, structured legal argumentation, and numerical accuracy under rigid grading schemes. We curate SteuerEx, the first open benchmark derived from authentic German university tax-law examinations, processed through a structured statement-level decomposition pipeline. SteuerEx comprises 115 expert-validated examination questions spanning six core tax law domains and multiple academic levels, and employs a statement-level, partial-credit evaluation framework that closely mirrors real examination practice. We further present SteuerLLM, a domain-adapted LLM for German tax law trained on a large-scale synthetic dataset generated from authentic examination material using a controlled retrieval-augmented pipeline. SteuerLLM (28B parameters) consistently outperforms general-purpose instruction-tuned models of comparable size and, in several cases, substantially larger systems, demonstrating that domain-specific data and architectural adaptation are more decisive than parameter count for performance on realistic legal reasoning tasks. All benchmark data, training datasets, model weights, and evaluation code are released openly to support reproducible research in domain-specific legal artificial intelligence. A web-based demo of SteuerLLM is available at https://steuerllm.i5.ai.fau.de .

Implementing evidence-based practices for urinary leakage prevention in ICU patients with indwelling catheters: A JBI-guided baseline review

Objective To develop evidence-based audit indicators for urinary leakage prevention and management in ICU patients with indwelling catheters, to evaluate current clinical compliance with these indicators, and to analyze barriers and facilitators for evidence implementation using the JBI Clinical Evidence Application Model as a theoretical framework. Methods Using the Clinical Evidence Application Model from the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Centre for Evidence in Healthcare in Australia as the theoretical framework,clinical nursing issues were identified.Literature searches were conducted,evidence was evaluated and synthesised,and review criteria and methods were established.Using convenience sampling,39 nurses and 75 indwelling catheterised patients in the General ICU(North Campus) of Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China were selected for baseline review between April and May 2025.Barriers were analysed and change strategies developed based on baseline findings. Results A total of 22 pieces of evidence on urinary leakage prevention and management for ICU patients with indwelling urinary catheters were introduced,leading to the formulation of 21 review indicators. And among those,16 showed that compliance rate was less than 60%. There were 27 barriers and 17 facilitators found by analysis. 25 change strategies were made according to this. Conclusion There are big differences between what we know from research about how to stop or deal with urine leaking in intensive care patients who have a tube in their bladder and what doctors and nurses do in hospitals right now. We need special sets of rules called “evidence-based practice protocols” that use tricks from studies to help doctors and nurses give better care to sick people in the hospital.

Predictive fault management in smart sensor networks using a dynamic quantum-AI architecture (DynaQuAI)

Daily variability in mood and subjective cognitive function: An experience sampling study in young adults

In older adults, greater day-to-day fluctuations in cognitive function appear to be associated with higher rates of cognitive decline, relative to those showing less daily cognitive variability. Such findings suggest that within-person daily deviations from an individual’s typical functioning do not simply represent measurement noise, but rather, vitally inform on cognitive status in older adults. But what about these dynamics in younger adults? Does daily variability in cognition potentially inform on cognitive wellness for those in their neurocognitive prime? Here we addressed this question using an experience sampling method to assess participants’ subjective sense of their cognition and mood three times a day over 14 days in a sample of 215 young, healthy adults. After controlling for four baseline measures of subjective cognition (metacognitive awareness, executive function, propensity for cognitive failures, and memory failures) and four baseline measures of mood (depression, state and trait anxiety, and loneliness), we found that not only did subjectively-assessed cognitive function show significant within-person day-to-day variability across the sample population, but greater person-level cognitive variability across the two-week period predicted lower mean perceived function across the two weeks. While daily cognitive variability also showed a significant correlation with daily measures of both negative and positive mood, notably, some individuals were more resilient to these daily mood impacts on subjective cognition than others. Taken together, our findings suggest that daily variability in subjective cognition and mood may be important predictors for understanding cognitive wellness in younger adult populations.

Efficient bicycle-sharing rebalancing via demand distribution-based integer programming model and neural lagrangian acceleration

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Hodgkin Lymphoma: A single institution retrospective cohort study

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable B-cell lymphoma, but a group of patients may experience resistance to initial treatment or progress to refractory disease. Moreover, they may experience relapses or long-term complications such as infertility and secondary neoplasms. In this retrospective cohort study, 257 patients diagnosed with HL between 2002 and 2022 were included to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of survival that may contribute to managing patient treatment and follow-up strategies. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data at diagnosis were collected from patients’ e-records. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify independent predictors of death. The median age at diagnosis was 29 years, with 54.9% males. Nodular sclerosis was the most common subtype (34.6%). Univariable Cox regression analysis showed that high creatinine levels (HR 7.55, 95% CI 2.62–21.81, p < .001), low platelet count (HR 4.87, 95% CI 1.58–14.94, p = .006), and high total bilirubin (HR 3.76, 95% CI 1.34–10.55, p = .012) are factors associated with poor survival. In the exploratory multivariable Cox regression analysis, poor response to treatment was strongly associated with poor survival (HR 7.89, 95% CI 2.39–26.06, p=<.001), followed by low platelet count (HR 4.72, 95% CI 1.28–17.46, p = 0.020). This may suggest that poor treatment response and low platelet count are independent predictors of poor survival in HL patients but require confirmation in a larger cohort. Early detection of high-risk patients based on these clinical and laboratory results may improve patient treatment and follow-up strategies.

The carbon reduction effect of China’s national AI innovation pilot zone policy

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) holds substantial potential for systemic optimization and carbon emission reduction, yet concerns remain over the carbon footprint stemming from its massive energy consumption. Can AI policies deliver net carbon benefits? Using China’s staggered establishment of National AI Innovation Pilot Zones (AIPZ) as a quasi-experiment, this study finds the policy reduces urban CO2 emissions by 6.0% on average, via AI-empowered industrial upgrading and green technology innovation. Moreover, there exists significant heterogeneity: emissions have decreased in the Pearl River Delta and increased in the Chengdu-Chongqing region and resource-based cities, though these findings are statistically marginal. Spatial analysis yields a total abatement effect of 15.6% when accounting for spatial interdependence. These findings suggest that AI policies’ carbon outcomes depend on regional economic structures, highlighting the need for spatially differentiated governance.

Strategic appeals and audience alignment in government short videos: A corpus-based analysis

This study examines how government short videos construct persuasive discourse through rhetorical strategies, using the Douyin account Meili Zhejiang as a case study. Drawing on audience-identification theory and Aristotle’s three rhetorical appeals (ethos, pathos, logos), it develops a text-centered rhetorical-computational framework that combines corpus-based methods and rhetorical analysis. The dataset covers 360 top-liked videos posted over one year and all publicly visible comments, with exact-text duplicates removed. Python-based lexical and sentiment analyses, together with concordance inspection in AntConc, are used to trace how persuasive appeals are realized in the textual dimension of the videos and how they align with audience orientations. Results show that pathos predominates (44.77%), expressed through affect-rich language of familial warmth, collective pride, encouragement, and urgency. Ethos (28.33%) is built through institutional roles and localized references, often strengthened by citizen voices, while logos (26.89%) appears in factual and quantifiable expressions that ground emotional and ethical claims. Sentiment in the associated comment corpus shows a generally positive tendency (56.7%), consistent with the audience profile and the rhetorical configuration identified in the corpus. The study offers a corpus-assisted rhetorical approach to analyzing persuasion in platform-mediated governance and highlights how communicative effectiveness is shaped by a calibrated construction of appeals aligned with audience dispositions in short-video communication.