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Identification and molecular analysis of the Y-specific CpMp gene controlling long male peduncles in papaya
NMR and GC-MS based metabolic profiling, total phenolic content, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and In-silico antiviral activity of Origanum ramonense plant
Harvested reservoir computing from road traffic dynamics
Abstract Reservoir computing (RC) has gained attention as an efficient machine learning method for time series prediction because of its low computational costs and simple learning process. Herein, we propose the Harvested Reservoir Computing (HRC) framework which treats complex real-world dynamics as spontaneously emerging physical reservoirs. As an instance of HRC, we introduce Road Traffic Reservoir Computing (RTRC), whereby dynamical traffic flow patterns are harnessed as natural computational resources to predict future traffic states in experiments. Unlike conventional reservoir computing, this approach requires no explicit reservoir design, but instead “harvests” the intrinsic dynamics of traffic as a physical reservoir. Experiments using a scaled traffic model and numerical simulations on a grid road network demonstrate that the framework’s prediction accuracy is highly dependent on traffic density. An optimal density range is identified within which prediction performance is maximized because of a tradeoff between nonlinearity and short-term memory. These findings highlight the potential of complex real-world dynamics as viable components within computational frameworks.
Self-passivation reduces the Fermi level pinning in the metal-semiconductor contacts
Outcomes of pediatric kidney re-transplantation: a single-center cohort study
Abstract Children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) frequently require more than one kidney transplantation (KT) during their lifetime due to limited graft longevity. Despite this clinical reality, few studies have evaluated long-term outcomes following repeat pediatric KT. We conducted a retrospective single-center study analyzing 120 KTs performed in 89 pediatric recipients between 1993 and 2024. Outcomes included graft function, postoperative complications, and long-term graft and patient survival. Recipients were stratified into primary (1KT), second (2KT), and third (3KT) transplantation groups. At the time of 1KT, median recipient age was 11.0 years (IQR 7.0, 14.5). Living donation accounted for 16.7% of procedures. Graft failure within five years occurred in approximately 20% of 1KT cases. Half of these patients received a 2KT after a median waiting time of 4.6 years (IQR 2.1, 9.0). Rates of early postoperative complications and kidney function were comparable across groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly improved long-term survival following 2KT compared to failed 1KT ( p = 0.023). Repeat kidney transplantation is a feasible and effective strategy for pediatric ESRD patients. Second transplants provide long-term outcomes comparable to, or better than, initial grafts. Multicenter prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
A novel spatiotemporal transformer network with multivariate fusion for short-term precipitation forecasting
Asymmetric formal [1 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of diazoamides with enamines and carbonyl compounds
Inferences about fossil hominin locomotion through 3D morphometric analysis of wrist ligament insertion sites
Abstract Understanding the evolution of wrist anatomy in fossil hominins is essential for reconstructing their locomotor behavior and manipulative capabilities. Traditionally, most studies have focused on bone morphology, overlooking the informative potential of soft tissue attachment sites. In this study, we introduce a novel approach based on the three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of ligament insertion sites on the distal radial epiphysis. We analyzed a comparative sample including fossil hominins— Australopithecus afarensis , Australopithecus anamensis , Australopithecus sediba , Paranthropus robustus , Homo neanderthalensis , and archaic Homo sapiens —as well as extant hominoids: Homo sapiens , Pan troglodytes , Gorilla gorilla and Pongo pygmaeus . The results show marked interspecies differences in the size, orientation, and position of specific ligament insertions, reflecting divergent functional adaptations. Notably, the morphology of these insertions aligns with known behavioral and locomotor patterns described for these species, highlighting the reliability of ligament morphology as a proxy for inferring habitual activity in extinct taxa. This research expands the methodological toolkit available for paleoanthropology and emphasizes the relevance of soft-tissue-related structures in understanding hominin evolution beyond bone morphology alone.
Analysis of toxicity and mechanisms of aspartame in kidney stones with network toxicology and molecular docking strategy
Electrochemical potential-driven water dynamics control CO2 electroreduction at the Ag/H2O interface
The WELSH tool, is valid and sensitive to changes during the assessment of walking ability in severe anemia of pregnancy
Predicting gestational diabetes before conception for personalized interpregnancy weight management
Abstract The growing recognition of the importance of interpregnancy care to reduce gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk underscores the importance of effective preventive strategies. However, developing effective systems is still challenging. We aimed to bridge this gap by developing a weight management specific prediction model. This study retrospectively analyzed the data of women who underwent two childbirths across 15 medical facilities, including both primary and tertiary facilities. A derivation cohort was constructed using data from 2009 to 2019 (n = 1,640). Data between 2020 and 2024 was used to construct a separate temporal-validation cohort (n = 293). Using the data from another tertiary center between 2017 and 2023, the geographical-validation cohort was constructed (n = 339). A prediction model for GDM development in the second pregnancy was developed by applying logistic regression analysis using 5 key clinical information. GDM in the second pregnancy occurred in 9.5% (156 of 1,640, derivation), 16.7% (49 of 293, temporal-validation), and 7.7% (26 of 339, geographical-validation). The prediction model demonstrated consistent discrimination across cohorts, with c-statistics of 0.75, 0.80, and 0.79, respectively. Precision–recall analyses, accounting for the low prevalence of GDM, further confirmed performance well above the baseline (0.095 in the derivation cohort), with AUC-PRs of 0.43, 0.47, and 0.41 for the three cohorts. Calibration showed alignment with slopes of 1.04, 0.87, and 0.59 for each cohort. This simple and accurate model supports personalized weight management goals, offering a practical tool to reduce GDM risk in future pregnancies through inter-pregnancy weight management.
Design of hierarchical-heterostructure antiferroelectrics for ultrahigh capacitive energy storage
Abstract Electrostatic dielectric capacitors with high power density are the fundamental energy storage components in advanced electronic and electric power systems. However, simultaneously achieving ultrahigh energy density and efficiency poses a persistent challenge, preventing the capacitive applications towards miniaturization and low-energy consumption. Here we demonstrate giant energy storage properties in lead-free antiferroelectrics by designing hierarchical heterostructures to optimize polarization evolution paths. Through the design of antiferroelectric nanoclusters featuring interlocked polarization structure and fishbone polarization configuration, alongside order-disorder oxygen octahedral tilts, we increase polarization fluctuation and delay polarization saturation with nearly eliminated hysteresis under ultrahigh external electric fields. Leveraging this strategy, we achieve an ultrahigh energy density of 21.0 J cm -3 with an impressive efficiency of 90% in sodium niobate-based ceramics, underscoring the great potential of this methodology for designing high-performance dielectrics and other functional materials.
A new 13-lipoxygenase from Taxus media callus is functionally linked to paclitaxel biosynthesis
Intimate partner violence and relationship quality among pregnant women: insights from a multi-centre study
SPACEc: a streamlined, interactive Python workflow for multiplexed image processing and analysis
Predicting human tactile smoothness/roughness perception from multidimensional mechanical properties of synthetic fibers using machine learning
CATR: CNN augmented transformer for object detection in remote sensing imagery
Divalent anion-driven framework regulation in Zr-based halide solid electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries
Abstract Research into solid electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries has intensified due to demand for safer and higher-energy-density batteries. Halide solid electrolytes are valued for their high ionic conductivity, oxidative stability, and ductility. Among them, Li 2 ZrCl 6 is cost-effective but has a relatively lower Li⁺ ionic conductivity (0.4 mS cm −1 at 25 °C) compared to other halides, such as Li 3 InCl 6 (> 1 mS cm −1 at 25 °C). Here, we elucidate a fundamental mechanism of divalent-anion-driven framework modification that enables enhanced ionic conduction in Zr-based halides. Specifically, we demonstrate enhanced Li + conductivities for oxygen- (0.8Li 2 O–ZrCl 4 : 1.78 mS cm −1 at 25 °C) and sulfur- (0.8Li 2 S–ZrCl 4 : 1.01 mS cm −1 at 25 °C) substituted lattices. Synchrotron-based X-ray analyses identify distinct anionic sublattices and first-principles calculations reveal that divalent anions locally cluster within the lattice, inducing structural distortion and Li-site destabilization. These changes widen lithium conduction channels and alter the bonding environment, weakening and diversifying Li–Cl interactions. As a result, the energy landscape for lithium migration is flattened, leading to improved ionic conduction. These findings highlight design strategies for divalent-anion-driven framework regulation in halide solid electrolytes.