Browse Articles

Global diet quality score (GDQS) favorably affects blood pressure, serum lipids, lipid accumulation product and attenuates inflammation among obese individuals

Analyzing the effects of benzodiazepines on the virulence and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

An Atomically Precise Ru ₁ Au ₆ (TBBT) ₆ (PPh ₃ ) ₆ Cluster Catalyst for Ammonia Production

Abstract Only one active site in a catalyst is not able to handle a deal of multitasking at once to facilitate distinct elementary steps in a catalytic cycle. To overcome this, a multi‐functional system is required by two or more functional units combined in one catalyst, with each unit playing a complementary role. Here we find that the Au site of Au(TBBT)PPh 3 (TBBT = 4‐ tert ‐butylbenzenethiol) complex not only activates water but also reduces nitrate to ammonia, resulting in a low efficiency for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate. To decouple the responsibility of the Au site, we synthesize a Ru 1 Au 6 (TBBT) 6 (PPh 3 ) 6 cluster consisted of one Ru atom and six Au(TBBT)PPh 3 complexes bridged by the S atoms, in which the water dissociation is mostly undertaken on the Ru site for the steady supply of proton, while the nitrate is sequentially reduced on the Au sites. More notably, the hopping of proton from Ru to Au is readily proceeded over the S bridge, giving rise to positively cooperative couple of one Ru site and six Au sites among this cluster, and thereby 19‐fold efficiency increase is observed in comparison to this complex catalyst.

Multi-cohort evidence linking edentulism to frailty among older adults

Abstract To investigate the association between edentulism and frailty across nationally representative cohorts in China, the United Kingdom, and the United States. A harmonized analysis was conducted using longitudinal data from the CHARLS, ELSA, and HRS cohorts. This study examined the association between self-reported edentulism (exposure) and frailty (outcome), with adjustment for self-reported covariates including age, gender, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were applied to examine the associations of edentulism with the frailty index and frailty phenotype, respectively. To synthesize effect estimates across cohorts, fixed- and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Robustness was assessed through stratified analyses by age and gender, as well as through multiple imputation to address missing data. A total of 9,869 participants from CHARLS (female: 52.9%, mean age: 61.2 years), 5,083 from ELSA (female: 55.7%, mean age: 62.7 years), and 12,322 from HRS (female: 59.5%, mean age: 65.8 years) were included. Meta-analysis of the fully adjusted models across cohorts revealed that edentulous individuals exhibited significantly higher frailty index scores (pooled mean difference = 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.67–3.69) and increased odds of frailty status (pooled odds ratio = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.26–1.50) compared to dentate counterparts. These associations remained robust in stratified and sensitivity analyses. Edentulism is independently associated with frailty across aging populations. These findings underscore the clinical relevance of oral health in geriatric risk assessment and support the integration of dental evaluation into multidisciplinary strategies for frailty management.

Triaxial test investigation of the reinforcement effect of Acacia dealbata roots on mountain red soil

Proton Alloying in an Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Material Enables Unusual Dynamic Birefringence and Martensitic Actuation

Abstract Alloying is widely recognized as an effective strategy for enhancing or unlocking material properties by combining different elements. Organic‐inorganic hybrid materials (OIHMs) allow for chemical modification at the molecular level, bringing new opportunities and enormous potential to alloying strategies. Hydrogen protons in molecules are essential for structural design and crystal engineering, however, valuable role of proton alloying in OIHMs remains largely unexplored. Herein, for the first time, we present a proton alloying OIHM [Cyclen 4+ Cyclen 2+ ]Sb 2 Cl 12 (Cyclen‐1D), which exhibits exceptional martensitic actuation behaviors, including jumping, bending and a significant raising effect with a large expansion up to 50%. Meanwhile, Cyclen‐1D also possesses unusual multi‐mode dynamic birefringence featuring continuous modulation and switching mutation, showing an excellent birefringence change ( Δn  ≈ 0.044). This interesting integration of mechanical and optical channels originates from the asynchronous orientations of distinct protonated Cyclen cations as well as cooperative transformation with inorganic octahedron through hydrogen bonding. This work reveals the great potential of proton alloying in OIHMs, opening new avenues for designing dynamically stimuli‐responsive materials.

Ferroptosis and autophagy-related genes contribute to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy progression

FL-MalDrift: a federated learning framework for malware detection under local concept drift

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incident cardiovascular disease in adults with cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic stages 0–3: a nationwide prospective cohort study in China

Mechanically Robust Bilayer Solid Electrolyte Interphase Enabled by Sequential Decomposition Mechanism for High‐Performance Micron‐Sized SiO _x Anodes

Abstract Micron‐sized Si‐based materials are promising anodes due to their high capacity, low cost, and ease of production, yet in application they suffer from severe volume expansion upon lithiation, which puts mechanical stress on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that leads to premature capacity decay. Constructing a robust SEI with high Li + conductivity is crucial in addressing this challenge, but most SEI regulation strategies for Si‐based anodes come at the expense of manufacturability and cost. A novel and low‐cost combination of additives comprised of 3 wt% trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in carbonate electrolyte (BE‐TF) was used to generate a bilayer SEI architecture specifically tailored for Si‐based anodes by a sequential decomposition mechanism, where the lithium fluoride (LiF)‐rich inner layer suppresses the volume expansion and the Li 3 PO 4 ‐rich outer layer forms a barrier that shields inner particles from detrimental side reactions. A high capacity retention of 88% after 200 cycles at 1 A g −1 can be achieved in a battery with a micron‐sized SiO x (0 <  x  < 2) anode using BE‐TF electrolyte. Additionally, an industrial‐grade 3.5 Ah NCM||Gr‐micron‐sized SiO x pouch cell using BE‐TF electrolyte could maintain long‐term stability after 1000 cycles with high‐capacity retention of >81% at a high charging rate of 3 C.

Evolutionary adaptation of anaerobic and aerobic metabolism to high sulfide and hypoxic hydrothermal vent crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus

Silent cerebral microvascular disease and the longitudinal risk of cognitive decline in atrial fibrillation

Exploratory insights into salivary E-cadherin as a non-invasive biomarker in a rat model of diabetes

A text guided multimodal scale path fusion network for multimodal sentiment analysis

Artificial Decision Tree Guided Screening of Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Cocrystals with Locally Excited States

Abstract High‐throughput screening of ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) systems is essential for advancing photofunctional materials. Among molecular solids, charge‐transfer (CT) cocrystals offer great potential due to the wide range of electron donors and acceptors with tunable energy levels. However, realizing RTP in CT systems remains difficult, as intricate orbital interactions in donor–acceptor pairs often lead to spin‐forbidden singlet‐to‐triplet transitions. To overcome this challenge, we developed an artificial‐decision‐tree method guided by theoretical calculations and introduced an energy‐based descriptor ( E ) to streamline the design of RTP‐active cocrystals. This descriptor enables CT‐dominated singlet emission alongside locally excited triplet emission, effectively promoting intersystem crossing. Applying this strategy, we predicted and experimentally validated new cocrystals (TP&1,2‐TFP and TP&1,4‐TFP), which achieved RTP lifetimes up to 1.223 s, the longest reported among current CT cocrystals. We further demonstrated the versatility of this strategy by identifying additional RTP‐active systems (TP&1,2‐TCP and TP&1,4‐TCP). Owing to their tunable emission and time‐resolved RTP, these materials were successfully employed in digital and visual information encryption and time‐gated optical logic gate applications. Therefore, this work presents a robust framework that combines machine learning‐driven prediction with experimental validation, offering a systematic and efficient alternative to traditional trial‐and‐error methods in the discovery of luminescent materials.

Mitigating catastrophic forgetting in lifelong learning: a hybrid architecture integrating neural ordinary differential equations with memory-augmented transformers

A Universal pH Regulation Principle for HER Suppression in Aqueous Metal Batteries

Abstract Hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) pose a formidable challenge to rechargeable aqueous metal batteries (AMBs), causing flammable gas accumulation and interfacial instability. While conventional buffer‐based electrolytes partially mitigate HERs, there lacks a rational pH regulation principle. Herein, we propose a universal pH regulation principle rooted in the equilibrium between soluble metal cations and their hydroxide precipitates, governed by the solubility product ( K sp ). Moreover, an analytical platform is designed to quantify the pH‐dependent HER kinetics and distinguish the corrosive and catalytic H 2 production by decoupling the evolution of mass, hydrogen gas, and charge. Under this platform, we can identify the optimized pH values (herein, 5.40 in 1 M Zn‐based electrolytes) by adding a selective buffer to synchronously suppress both corrosive and catalytic‐HERs, leading to evident enhancement of cycling stability. The universality of this principle is also demonstrated in other AMB systems with more serious HER, such as Mn and Mg metal batteries. A more than eightfold increase in cycling lifespan is achieved with tailored buffers in both Mn and Mg AMBs. This work highlights the essential role of pH in aqueous electrolytes and also establishes a thermodynamic foundation for pH optimization and HER mitigation.

Retraction Note: Effects of the TLR4 signaling pathway on apoptosis of neuronal cells in diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction in a rat model

Identification of competing endogenous RNA networks involved in phrenic nerve stimulation preventing mechanical ventilation induced diaphragm dysfunction

Exploring stationary phase morphologies as pathways to greener and faster LC for analyzing sofosbuvir and ledipasvir

Abstract Green chemistry has a beneficial influence on the environment and the pharmaceutical enterprises’ economy. Research and quality control laboratories worldwide conduct millions of analyses daily, employing liquid chromatography as the primary analytical technique. Furthermore, advancements in stationary phase technologies aimed at achieving faster and more efficient separations have introduced a new objective for chromatographers. This objective is to supersede conventional methodologies that rely heavily on substantial quantities of organic solvents, pose environmental hazards and incur considerable economic costs. The aim of this work is to provide a brief comparison between monolithic, core-shell and traditional fully porous stationary phases. This could help analysts by offering options for high-speed versus high-resolution separation when choosing the best packing materials. The analytes used in the study are two essential drugs used in the treatment of hepatitis C virus: Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir, which are co-formulated in tablet dosage forms. The monolithic column enabled the fastest analysis, whereas the core-shell provided the highest efficiency. Validation was conducted in accordance with ICH guidelines using the RP-C18 monolithic column, a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% acetic acid and ethanol (60:40), a flow rate of 1 mL.min − 1 , and detection at 210 nm. The total analysis time did not exceed 3 min, achieving high accuracy and sensitivity while minimizing the use of hazardous solvents. It achieved a very good score on different green analytical chemistry assessment metrics; 0.7 on AGREE, 76 on MoGAPI, 80 on BAGI, and 73 on CACI.