Browse Articles

Multi-criteria spatial assessment of urban open spaces for promoting physical activity and spatial justice: a case study of Tehran metropolitan

Numerical and experimental validation of Taguchi-optimized star-core fin inserts for enhanced thermal hydraulic performance factor

Abstract Enhancing heat transfer in compact thermal systems remains a key engineering challenge, where internal geometry plays a decisive role in disrupting flow, increasing surface exposure, and boosting convective efficiency. In this study, a novel star-core fin insert was developed, featuring angularly spaced radial fins mounted on a central rod to improve the thermal-hydraulic performance factor (THPF). The design was optimized using a hybrid approach that combined the Taguchi method with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, enabling systematic evaluation of five geometric parameters: fin diameter, number of fin edges, number of fins per rod, fin thickness, and angular offset. These parameters were varied concurrently to capture interaction effects and identify the most effective configuration. The optimal configuration (Case 31) achieved a THPF of 1.75, representing a 75% improvement over the smooth pipe baseline, with a fin diameter of 14.5 mm, five edges, four fins per rod, a thickness of 3 mm, and a 0° angular offset. A physical prototype of the absorber tube was fabricated and tested experimentally, showing strong agreement with numerical predictions (correlation = 95.5%, RMSE = 4.5%). These findings demonstrate that the integrated optimization framework is reliable and effective, improving heat transfer performance while maintaining acceptable pressure losses. The proposed passive design offers a scalable and energy-efficient solution for next generation compact heat exchangers.

A novel glycerol-containing exopolysaccharide from the ropy strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KY5-ES5 and its impact on medium viscosity

Subchondral bone strength of the metacarpal head and its related factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Climate-Informed flood damage assessment in the cropland area across the midwestern USA

Clinical characteristics and prognostic impact of HER2 low expression in breast cancer subtypes from a Brazilian real-world cohort

Growth analysis of cotton using UAS derived multi temporal canopy features

Apple oil as a source of ursolic acid for the treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders with molecular and clinical evaluation

An integration of deep learning models for effective classification of human activity patterns in disabled people using gesture analysis

Magnetic activity and spectral behavior of RS CVn binary system (IM Pegasi) in the ultraviolet

Abstract We present observations from the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) covering the period from 1981 to 1992 of the long-period single-lined RS Canum Venaticorum (RS CVn) binary star, IM Pegasi, to elucidate the spectral behavior and physical conditions within its atmosphere. The ultraviolet observations reveal signs of flare activity occurring in the chromosphere and transition region of the primary star. In addition to the flaring activity, the emission lines exhibit a spectrum of variations categorized as high, intermediate, and low. The relation between line fluxes and orbital phases has been established. The flaring activity was notably observed in 1985. The reddening of IM Pegasi was assessed using the 2200 Å absorption feature, yielding an estimate of E (B-V) = 0. The average mass loss rate is calculated to be approximately 1.2 × 10 − 10 M $${_ \odot }$$ yr − 1 , while the average temperature of the emitting region, determined through Planck’s equation, is approximately 9.2 × 10 4 K. The energy associated with the flare is estimated to be around 5.6 × 10 39 erg, and the average ultraviolet luminosity is approximately 1.23 × 10 30 erg s − 1 . We attribute the observed spectral variations to a cyclic behavior of the underlying magnetic field, and the flaring activity can be interpreted through the current sheet model.

S-allyl cysteine and alliin enhance catalase activity and prevent aggregation to counter oxidative stress in alzheimer’s disease

Inhaled N, N-dimethyltryptamine diminishes connectivity between the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens: relevance to pathologies of mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways

Abstract Reward processing is a broad psychological construct that can be parsed into distinct components known as “reinforcement learning” (learning), “reward responsiveness” (liking), and “motivation to obtain a reward” (wanting). Dysfunctions in reward processing in mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways are a core feature of many pathologies. Psychedelics have been proposed as a treatment option for multiple disorders affecting the reward system, but mechanistic studies are lacking. In this preliminary, hypothesis-generating pharmacoimaging study, we evaluated the effects of inhaled N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with a particular focus on the connectivity of the mesocorticolimbic circuitry. Our within-subject pharmacoimaging design included 11 healthy participants with prior experience in psychedelics. In the active condition, DMT was self-administered immediately before MRI acquisition, while in the control condition there was no administration. We found decreased connectivity between the right nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the left ventral tegmental area (VTA), increased connectivity between the right NAc and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and increased connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the ACC. These results correlated with changes in volition and perception, as measured with the hallucination rating scale. In sum, we found reduced connectivity in the midbrain-NAc pathway, which connectivity is often increased in addiction, and increased connectivity between reward/affective regions and the ACC. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic potential of psychedelics in disorders affecting reward processing.

Evaluating force and motion in posterior vitreous detachment manoeuvres using a robotic data acquisition system in cadaveric human eyes

Considering AEWMA control chart applied to Gamma-distributed data with fixed and variable sampling intervals

Ultradeep oxidative desulfurization of heavy oil in oscillatory and laminar baffled reactors using polyactive magnetic activated carbon catalyst

Network traffic control method of NHP based on deep reinforcement learning

Mitochondrial apoptosis and G0/G1-phase blockade: key mechanisms underlying triphenyltin(IV) dithiocarbamate-mediated cytotoxicity in human lymphoblastic leukemia cells

Nationwide study of income-based disparities in diabetic limb preservation in South Korea

The association between mobility and a cognitive measure of attention and processing speed in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study

Physician-physician handover from acute care to rehabilitation setting: A scoping review protocol

Objective The purpose of this scoping review is to map the existing evidence that describes strategies to improve handover from the acute care to rehabilitation settings. Introduction Poor handover processes have been associated with preventable errors, delays in care, and adverse patient outcomes. Effective physician-to-physician handover during transitions of care is critical to ensuring patient safety and optimizing clinical outcomes. Physician handover between acute and rehabilitation care settings is particularly complicated, as it requires transferring detailed and timely information for continuity of care for medically and/or surgically complex patients between components of healthcare systems with different cultures and goals of care. Despite numerous studies being published on handover, there has yet to be a synthesis of the existing literature that seeks to explore handovers across acute to rehabilitation settings as well as how care transitions can be improved. This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence on physician-to-physician handover from acute care to rehabilitation. Methods This review will be conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A comprehensive search will be performed across the following electronic databases: MEDLINE(R) ALL (Ovid), Embase Classic + Embase (Ovid), APA PsycINFO (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Ovid), Emcare (Ovid), CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCO) and Web of Science (Clarivate). All rounds of screening, data extraction, and data synthesis will be conducted independently with each stage performed in duplicate. The extracted data will be summarized both quantitively with descriptive statistics and qualitatively using content analysis. Eligibility Criteria Qualitative and quantitative studies published in English that discuss physician-physician handover from acute care to rehabilitation settings will be included. All geographical areas will be considered. Case reports, case series, commentaries, protocols, opinion pieces (editorials), or abstracts from conferences will be excluded.