Browse Articles

LSTM-augmented vine copula modelling for energy-finance contagion analysis

Neuromorphic photonic computing with an electro-optic analog memory

Abstract In neuromorphic photonic systems, device operations are typically governed by analog signals, necessitating digital-to-analog converters (DAC) and analog-to-digital converters (ADC). However, data movement between memory and these converters in conventional von Neumann architectures incur significant energy costs. We propose an analog electronic memory co-located with photonic computing units to eliminate repeated long-distance data movement. Here, we demonstrate a monolithically integrated neuromorphic photonic circuit with on-chip capacitive analog memory and evaluate its performance in machine learning for in situ training and inference using the MNIST dataset. Our analysis shows that integrating analog memory into a neuromorphic photonic architecture can achieve over 26 × power savings compared to conventional SRAM-DAC architectures. Furthermore, maintaining a minimum analog memory retention-to-network-latency ratio of 100 maintains  >90% inference accuracy, enabling leaky analog memories without substantial performance degradation. This approach reduces reliance on DACs, minimizes data movement, and offers a scalable pathway toward energy-efficient, high-speed neuromorphic photonic computing.

Temperature-driven yield variation of super hybrid rice across ecological regions: mitigation by nitrogen management and genotype selection

Radical footprinting in mammalian whole blood

Latent profile analysis and predictive factors of learned helplessness among nursing students in clinical practice

Urinary clusterin as a biomarker of human kidney disease progression and response to the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan: An exploratory analysis from the SONAR trial

Adaptive and intelligent customized deep Q-network for energy-efficient task offloading in mobile edge computing environments

A combinatorial synthetic strategy for developing genome-editing protein-delivery agents targeting mouse retina

Abstract CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing technologies offer promise for treating inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), however safe and efficient ocular delivery of precision editors remains challenging. To address this challenge, we report a class of Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB)-derived lipidoids that bind and deliver proteins. Subretinal injection of Cre complexed with these lipidoids into mT/mG mice leads to robust recombination in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. We employ the CBB-lipidoid platform to deliver adenine base editor (ABE) ribonucleoproteins (RNP). Incorporating CBB lipidoids into liposomes improves delivery efficiency. CBB11 stands out for facilitating precise in vivo ABE-mediated gene editing. Delivery of liposome-CBB11-RNP complexes results in a 120-fold increase in base editing compared to RNP alone and restores the scotopic ERG b-wave response in the rd12 mouse model. These results demonstrate the potential of CBB-augmented, liposome-RNP systems for therapeutic gene editing in the eye, paving the way for single-dose precision medicines to treat IRDs.

Conformational dynamics and binding free energy analyses unveil a stable flavonoid inhibitor of dengue virus NS5 polymerase

The photolyase/cryptochrome of Aspergillus nidulans senses oxidative stress and shuttles from nuclei to mitochondria

Abstract Cryptochromes are photoreceptors with functions in the entrainment of circadian clocks or as proposed magnetoreceptors in birds or as light-independent regulators of stress responses in plants. Here, we show that the fungal cryptochrome-like photolyase CryA from Aspergillus nidulans is induced by light and oxidative stress and establishes negative-feedback loops for light- and stress-activated genes. The negative-feedback loops depend on CryA interaction with phytochrome and the HOG (high osmolarity glycerol) pathway transcription factor AtfA in nuclei. CryA translocated in less than one minute from nuclei to mitochondria in the presence of hydrogen peroxide suggesting mitochondrial functions and possibly mitochondrial-nuclear communication. The shuttle to mitochondria depended on the N-terminal extension and a cysteine therein, which probably induces conformational changes of CryA upon oxidation. Therefore, we propose CryA as a sensor for oxidative stress. Such an N-terminal extension is also present in other photolyases and some cryptochromes, suggesting evolutionary conservation of the mechanism.

An enhanced connected banking system optimizer incorporating triple mechanism for solving global optimization problems

A 3D gut-brain-vascular platform for bidirectional crosstalk in gut-neuropathogenesis

Single-pulse TMS functional mapping of sensorimotor cortex during decision-making task

Cancer cell-intrinsic inflammasome protein ASC links innate immunity with mitochondrial metabolism in driving pancreatic cancer

In-memory multilevel control of generic SO(m) holonomy in photonics

Physiological basis of resolution acuity in vision

Identification of protein precursor for thyroid hormone synthesis in basal chordate ascidian Styela clava

Theory-independent monitoring of the decoherence of a superconducting qubit with generalized contextuality

Abstract Characterizing the nonclassicality of quantum systems under minimal assumptions is an important challenge for quantum foundations and technology. Here we introduce a theory-independent method of process tomography and perform it on a superconducting qubit. We demonstrate its decoherence without assuming quantum theory or trusting the devices by modelling the system as a general probabilistic theory. We show that the superconducting system is initially well-described as a quantum bit, but that its realized state space contracts over time, which in quantum terminology indicates its loss of coherence. The system is initially nonclassical in the sense of generalized contextuality: it does not admit of a hidden-variable model where statistically indistinguishable preparations are represented by identical hidden-variable distributions. In finite time, the system becomes noncontextual and hence loses its nonclassicality. Moreover, we demonstrate in a theory-independent way that the system undergoes non-Markovian evolution at late times. Our results extend theory-independent tomography to time-evolving systems, and show how important dynamical physical phenomena can be experimentally monitored without assuming quantum theory.

Ultralong octupole moment switching driven by twin topological spin structures

Direct observation and quantification of single nanocondensates of the low complexity domain of TDP-43