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Modulation of fat mobilization and adipose tissue gene expression in Holstein cows supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids and N-acetyl-tryptophan during the transition period
Field study on heat transfer performance and thermo-mechanical properties of pre-bored PHC energy pile
Distribution and conservation status of the jungle cat (Felis chaus) across India
Investigation on geoengineering properties of organic silt soil treated with chitosan nanoparticle additive
Emergence and spread of Aedes albopictus in northern Iran with risk assessment and habitat hotspot analysis in Mazandaran Province
Multi-target passive positioning with signal classification and MIMO radar
Effects of film mulching on cotton yield and water use efficiency in China: a meta-analysis
Comparison of multi-planar and sagittal-plane stepping machines for walking and balance restoration in chronic stroke: a randomized control trial (RCT)
Interpretable and lightweight fall detection in a heritage gallery using YOLOv11-SEFA for edge deployment
STYK1 expression in breast cancer and its association with vascular invasion and clinicopathological features
A pilot randomized trial of supervised resistance training plus home-based activity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients
Sulfuric acid corrosion resistance of recycled aggregate concrete containing magnetized water
Long-term in vivo pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone-loaded cochlear implant electrode carrier dummies with optimized release profiles
Abstract Cochlear implants (CIs) are the primary treatment for severe hearing loss. However, despite advances in electrode materials, implantation remains invasive and can cause trauma, inflammation, loss of residual hearing, and vestibular dysfunction. Foreign body reactions may lead to fibrosis, increasing electrode impedance and compromising device performance. To address insertion-related trauma, there is growing interest in developing electrode carriers that deliver drugs locally, such as dexamethasone, which has demonstrated efficacy in both preclinical and clinical settings. This study investigates a novel coating strategy to optimize the perilymphatic concentration–time profile of dexamethasone and compares it to fully loaded silicone rods, in which the drug is incorporated within the silicone matrix. Silicone rods coated with 1.3 µg, 2.6 µg, or 5.2 µg dexamethasone were implanted into the scala tympani of guinea pigs. Drug concentrations were quantified over 84 days using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), and sequential sampling assessed distribution along the scala tympani. Coated rods exhibited an initial burst release, followed by a sustained steady-state phase. The 5.2 µg group peaked at 450 ng/ml, decreasing to 50 ng/ml by day 84. The 2.6 µg group showed a similar profile with proportionally lower levels. Sequential sampling at day 42 after implantation revealed that dexamethasone distributed throughout the length of scala tympani, forming a basal-apical gradient. Compared to fully loaded rods, the coated variants achieved comparable peak concentrations with substantially lower total drug amounts and a prolonged burst phase, which may enhance the suppression of the immediate inflammatory response following implantation. The improved pharmacokinetic efficiency likely also indicates a safer drug exposure profile.
Developing a culturally grounded mental health literacy framework for the United Arab Emirates using Grounded Theory and Delphi consensus
Reduced linguistic coherence in psychosis defies semantic similarity accounts and relates to altered large-scale cortical hierarchy
Abstract Coherence in speech is clinically significant in mental disorders but remains difficult to quantify. We tested the widely-held assumption that semantic similarity metrics derived from large language models capture human-rated coherence. Across three large neurotypical datasets in different languages, semantic similarity failed to correlate with human ratings, while six other metrics, especially the probability-based metrics, showed significant but weak correlations. In an additional English dataset of 94 individuals, including healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), speech coherence was reduced in SSD. Incoherence in the drug-naïve first-episode samples related to altered whole-brain intrinsic functional gradients, and to the probabilistic metric of perplexity in speech. Together, these findings call into question semantic similarity as a proxy for coherence, motivate greater emphasis on probabilistic predictability measures for evaluating coherence, and substantiate the perspective of spontaneous speech as an overt readout of an alteration of hierarchical cortical organization in schizophrenia.
Genetic variation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of multiple traits among Larix olgensis families
MUC14 suppresses lung adenocarcinoma via integrin α8β6/PI3K/AKT/MAPK modulating cisplatin response and immunity
High-performance adsorption of sulfamethoxazole and phenol using graphene-like carbon derived from glucose
Predominantly positive XCO2 anomalies in the Caatinga biome highlight carbon vulnerability
Abstract The Caatinga biome, the only exclusively Brazilian biome, plays a crucial yet understudied role in regional and global carbon dynamics. Using column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO 2 (XCO 2 ) data from NASA’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) between 2015 and 2022, this study investigates spatial and temporal anomalies across distinct phytoecological biozones of the Caatinga. Anomaly detection, spatial autocorrelation (Local Moran’s I), time-series modeling (ARIMA), and correlation analyses with vegetation and climate indices (NDVI, EVI, LAI, land surface temperature, and precipitation) were applied to evaluate the biome’s carbon balance. Results reveal heterogeneous XCO 2 patterns, with predominantly negative or neutral anomalies, confirming the Caatinga’s role as a carbon sink, though punctuated by localized positive anomalies indicating emission hotspots. The Savanna-Steppe and Pioneer Formation biozones exhibited the strongest seasonal and spatial clustering of positive anomalies, highlighting vulnerability to land-use pressures and climatic extremes. Forested biozones, particularly Open and Dense Ombrophilous Forests, showed increasing anomaly trends in recent years, suggesting a potential weakening of sink capacity. Correlations revealed distinct biome-specific responses: positive associations between XCO 2 and precipitation in transitional and pioneer formations, and negative associations with vegetation indices in savanna areas, emphasizing hydrological control of carbon fluxes. The findings demonstrate that the Caatinga exhibits both resilience and vulnerability, with its carbon balance strongly modulated by climatic variability, vegetation structure, and anthropogenic pressures. These results underscore the biome’s strategic role in climate mitigation and the urgent need for targeted conservation and restoration policies to safeguard its carbon sequestration potential.