Browse Articles

Dynamic Electrochemical Reorientation at SERS Hotspots Enables Composition, Length, and Sequence Reading of DNA Oligonucleotides

Functional diversification of WRINKLED3 integrates fatty acid metabolism with insecticidal acylsugar production in Solanaceae species

Quality of life in adults with celiac disease in Spain over a decade

Abstract Celiac disease (CD) can significantly impair health-related quality of life (HRQOL), mainly due to persistent symptoms and the burden of a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD). Evidence regarding changes in HRQOL in recent years is scarce despite advances in diagnosis and dietary support. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study using two large national cross-sectional samples of Spanish adults with CD assessed in 2014 and 2024. HRQOL was measured using the validated Celiac Disease Quality of Life (CD-QOL) questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable regression analyses were performed to explore changes over time and factors associated with better outcomes. We analyzed 2254 surveys (1208 from 2014; 1046 from 2024). Overall HRQOL remained stable across the decade. Longer duration since diagnosis and more years on a GFD were consistently associated with better emotional and functional well-being. Age showed a modest positive association with HRQOL, while women reported poorer scores in health-concerns domains. Despite increased disease awareness and improvements in gluten-free product availability in Spain over the past decade, perceived quality of life has not meaningfully improved. Quality of life in adults with CD in Spain has not changed over ten years, suggesting that dietary management alone might be insufficient to achieve optimal well-being. Early diagnosis and structured long-term follow-up, including psychological support, could help address persistent emotional and social challenges. Strategies that go beyond diet are needed to enhance patient-centred outcomes in CD.

Defect-Energy-Targeted Lattice Repair Delivers High Thermoelectric Performance in Magnesium Antimonide

High-speed graphene-based sub-terahertz receivers enabling wireless communications for 6G and beyond

Unraveling genetic diversity in ‘Foşa’ and ‘Yomra’ hazelnut accessions (Corylus avellana L.) using SSR markers and phenotypic analysis

tRNA-Dependent Chemoenzymatic Transformation of Aminoacyl Pendant Moieties of Streptothricin Antibiotics

Achieving sub-pm wavelength regression via minimum-phase in a single-stream photonic IC

Abstract Photonic chips are powerful tools for measuring and analyzing light, but most compact spectrometers face a fundamental trade-off: improving resolution usually requires larger devices or sacrifices in signal quality. Here, we introduce a chip-scale architecture that overcomes this limitation by extracting phase information corresponding to the hidden timing of light waves using only simple intensity measurements. Our method generalizes earlier minimum phase designs to allow sparse and non-sequential optical delays, enabling accurate phase reconstruction on a single circuit. By engineering these delays, the device can determine the wavelength of an unknown laser with sub-picometer precision, all while using just one input and one output. This single-stream design reduces loss, improves robustness, and avoids the complexity of traditional spectrometers. The result is a compact, scalable platform that enables high-accuracy wavelength metrology and opens possibilities for on-chip sensing and computational spectroscopy.

Automated detection of physical contact events in youth ice hockey: a player-centric deep learning approach

Boron-Mediated Hydroalkylation of Unactivated Olefins: An <i>Anti</i> -Markovnikov Approach to Congested Carbon Centers

Ethanol photosynthesis from CO2 and H2O via a formate intermediate pathway

Assessing the spatiotemporal shifting of the Arpa river using remote sensing, GIS, and ARIMA for river morphology prediction

Dual-Antisite Defects and Domain Structures Synergistically Boosting a Record-High ZT &gt; 2.0 in Chalcopyrite Cu _0.7 Ag _0.3 Ga _{1– <i>x</i>} In _<i>x</i> Te ₂ ( <i>x</i> = 0–0.5)

A high-affinity split-HaloTag for live-cell protein labeling

Abstract We introduce a high-affinity split-HaloTag comprised of a short peptide tag (Hpep, 14 residues) and a large, inactive fragment (cpHaloΔ3). Hpep binds to cpHaloΔ3 spontaneously with nanomolar affinity, enabling subsequent labeling with fluorescent HaloTag ligands. The small size of Hpep facilitates cloning-free endogenous protein tagging using CRISPR/Cas9 and the complementation of Hpep-tagged proteins can be achieved in live cells through co-expression with cpHaloΔ3 and in fixed cells through incubation with cpHaloΔ3. The approach is compatible with advanced microscopy techniques such as expansion microscopy and live-cell STED imaging. Additionally, variants of Hpep that modulate the spectral properties of labeled fluorophores enable simultaneous imaging of two different Hpep-tagged proteins via fluorescence lifetime microscopy. In summary, our high-affinity split-HaloTag is a robust and versatile tool for live-cell imaging and diverse applications in chemical biology.

Scalable electrochemical CO2 reduction to oxalate in a continuous flow reactor

Beyond-Kasha Photochemistry in a Heteroleptic Platinum–Dithiolene Complex

Nonaromatic polymer-deep eutectic solvent complexes with ultralong room-temperature and high-temperature phosphorescence

Reduced cortical thickness in individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Abstract Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic condition that disrupts cortisol synthesis, is associated with elevated androgen levels in females with CAH. Altered hormonal milieus have been linked to changes in brain structure, yet little is known about how CAH affects the cerebral cortex. Here, we investigated vertex-wise cortical thickness in 53 individuals with CAH (33 women and 20 men) and 53 sex- and age-matched controls (33 women and 20 men) using surface-based morphometry. There were no significant effects of biological sex and no significant diagnosis-by-sex interaction. However, there was a significant effect of diagnosis, with thinner cortices in various regions across the left and right lateral and medial surfaces in individuals with CAH compared to controls. These findings point to widespread cortical alterations in CAH, independent of sex, and extend prior evidence of structural brain variations in this endocrine disorder. The observed cortical thinning may result from multiple factors, including prenatally reduced cortisol levels, potential long-term consequences of postnatal glucocorticoid treatment, and ongoing physiological and psychosocial stressors.

Unlocking the Silent Proteome: Chemoselective Asn/Gln Activation for Multidimensional Protein Diversification

RanBP2-dependent annulate lamellae drive nuclear pore assembly and nuclear expansion

Abstract Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) enable nucleocytoplasmic transport. While NPCs primarily localize to the nuclear envelope (NE), they also appear in cytoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes called annulate lamellae (AL). Though discovered in the mid-20th century, AL’s function and biogenesis remain unclear. Previously considered exclusive to embryonic and malignant cells, we find AL in somatic mammalian cells. Under normal conditions, AL store pre-assembled AL-NPCs that integrate into the NE, producing approximately one-third of newly formed nuclear pores and supporting nuclear expansion during G1. Upon pathological stimuli, AL transfer to the NE is impaired, leading to their cytoplasmic accumulation. RanBP2 (Nup358) is essential for AL biogenesis, with its phenylalanine-glycine repeats promoting AL-NPC scaffold oligomerization. ER-associated Climp63 (CKAP4) directs AL-NPCs to ER sheets and the NE. This AL-driven nuclear pore formation is complementary to the canonical routes, constituting a distinct NPC assembly pathway. Our work uncovers the biogenesis mechanism of AL and the nuclear function of this key cellular organelle.