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Assemblage structure of ichthyoplankton communities in the southern tyrrhenian sea (western mediterranean sea)
Author Correction: Remote loop evolution reveals a complex biological function for chitinase enzymes beyond the active site
High-performance narrowband cavity organic photodetectors enabled by a polystyrene doping strategy
Conventional cavity-enhanced organic photodetectors (OPDs) often suffer from broad spectral response due to the high absorption coefficient of the organic active layer, which compromises cavity selectivity. To overcome this issue, the authors propose a novel and effective strategy: incorporating polystyrene (PS) into the PTB7-Th:PC61BM bulk heterojunction active layer of a Fabry–Pérot cavity OPD. The PS doping reduces the effective absorption coefficient of the optical cavity without requiring an ultra-thin active layer, thereby narrowing the spectral response. Utilizing this approach with an optimized 30% PS doping ratio, the fabricated devices demonstrate significantly improved performance. Notably, a device exhibits a narrow full width at half maximum of 49 nm, a high external quantum efficiency exceeding 40% at the resonance wavelength, and a specific detectivity (D*) surpassing 1.0 × 1013 Jones. This performance is comparable to commercial silicon-based photodetectors, showcasing the potential of this PS-doping strategy for developing high-performance, tunable narrowband OPDs.
A hybrid approach for suppressing ambipolar current in short-channel TFETs based on zigzag antimonene nanoribbons
Metabolic and inflammatory biomarker trajectories after a cancer diagnosis and the risk of cardiovascular diseases
Abstract Cancer patients face a high comorbidity burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is little evidence about stratifying cancer patients for their CVD risk. Here, we conduct a cohort study (1985-2020) to examine post-cancer biomarker trajectories and their associations with subsequent CVD risk. We identify biomarker trajectories after cancer diagnosis for 11 biomarkers using latent class growth modelling. Through Cox regression, we find that cancer patients with initially high and subsequently increasing glucose levels have a 110% higher CVD risk than those with low-stable levels. A low-stable albumin level, even within the normal range, is associated with elevated CVD risk, whereas patients with initially low-stable but subsequently increasing uric acid levels exhibit a 20% reduced risk of CVD. These findings suggest that specific trajectories of glucose, albumin, and uric acid are associated with CVD risk. Further research should elucidate underlying biological mechanisms and validate these associations to improve CVD prevention in cancer patients.
Quantum storage of frequency-multiplexed photons exhibiting nonclassical correlations with telecom C-band photons
Multiplexing is essential for improving entanglement distribution rates in quantum communication. Frequency multiplexing provides a promising and scalable path toward large-capacity quantum networks. Further progress requires increasing the number of frequency modes and developing broadband photon-pair sources and quantum memories that are spectrally compatible. Here, we report the integration of a cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion source in the telecom C-band with a frequency-multiplexed atomic frequency-comb memory. The bow-tie cavity source was simultaneously resonant at 606 and 1550 nm, generating non-degenerate photon pairs exhibiting a clustered frequency-comb spectrum. The atomic frequency-comb memory, implemented in a Praseodymium-doped Yttrium Orthosilicate crystal, provided up to 83 frequency modes with 123 MHz spacing and enabled broadband storage of 606 nm signal photons. By filtering the main cluster, we obtained 32.7±4.8 effective modes, as confirmed from coincidence measurements. Importantly, we observed strong nonclassical correlations after storage, with cross correlation values of gs,i(2)=8.1±0.7. Our experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating cavity-enhanced photon-pair sources with rare-earth-ion-doped solid-state memories. The integration reveals a high frequency multiplicity that is essential for scalable quantum networks.
Lifestyle intervention outcomes in T2DM and the added value of CGM: 6-month results from the Polish cohort of the C4D study
Abstract Type 2 diabetes remains a major public health challenge, requiring lifelong management. Structured lifestyle-based interventions are increasingly recognised for their role in supporting self-management. The CARE4DIABETES (C4D) programme, part of a Joint Action funded by the EU4Health initiative, aims to implement and evaluate a behavioural lifestyle model (Reverse Diabetes2 Now) across 12 European countries. C4D is a 12-month, quasi-experimental, structured, digitally supported lifestyle programme comprising multiple group-based educational sessions delivered by a multidisciplinary team (MDT) and addressing nutrition, physical activity, sleep, and stress management. This interim analysis includes the Polish cohort ( n = 38; type 2 diabetes duration ≤ 10 years), presented overall and stratified by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) users ( n = 21) versus self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG, n = 17). At 6 months, participants showed significant improvements. Mean HbA1c decreased by 0.78% points (–10.9%; p < 0.001) to 6.35%. Body weight decreased by 6.04 kg (–6.5%; p < 0.001), waist circumference by 6.77 cm (–6.4%; p < 0.001), fat mass by 2.47 kg (–7.2%; p < 0.001), and triglycerides by 20.3% ( p = 0.023), while total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C did not change significantly. Improvements were numerically larger in the CGM group. Between-group comparisons of change scores showed greater reductions in body weight and BMI in the CGM group compared with the SMBG group ( p < 0.05; Cohen’s d ≈ 0.9–1.0). The 6-month intensive phase of this structured, group-based lifestyle education programme was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in glycaemic control and anthropometric outcomes. Improvements were greater among CGM users than in the SMBG group, suggesting that integrating CGM into structured education may further enhance programme outcomes.
Molecular mechanisms for subtype selectivity of kinin receptors’ antagonists
Trap dynamics in the carbon-doped GaN buffer of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs through back-gate bias and sub-bandgap illumination
The dynamic interactions among multiple trap states in the carbon-doped (C-doped) GaN buffer of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors have been studied and quantitatively characterized through a time-resolved optoelectronic spectroscopy approach. This technique combines transient channel current analysis, back-gate bias stress, and tunable sub-bandgap illumination to elucidate the underlying ionization and recombination mechanisms, which govern trap behaviors under combined electrical and optical excitation. According to the back-gating measurements, the ionization of C-related acceptor traps in the buffer layer can be confirmed as the dominant mechanism. Compared with dark conditions, red illumination accelerated current delay, indicating enhanced ionization of acceptor traps under the combined influence of electric and optical fields. Conversely, the current increase observed under blue and green illumination confirmed the presence of donor traps. Notably, the activation of donor traps under blue illumination, which are classified as CN (0/+) traps, was further confirmed by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The proposed method is able to effectively reveal both acceptor and donor traps in the GaN layer, which cannot be achieved by conventional approaches.
Cenozoic igneous activity in northern China as a mechanism for Late Oligocene climate warming
Mapping the avoid-ome: a systematic open-science approach to predictive ADMET
Magnetoelectric coupling and structural phase transition in MnTiO3 single crystal
This work presents a systematic investigation of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in high-quality MnTiO3 single crystals, a prototypical geometrically frustrated antiferromagnet. X-ray diffraction confirms a pure hexagonal structure with excellent crystallinity. A paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition is observed at TN ∼ 64 K, exhibiting significant magnetic anisotropy. The key finding is the direct evidence of bidirectional magnetoelectric coupling: An applied magnetic field induces a sharp anomaly in the c-axis dielectric constant near TN, while an electric field effectively modulates the magnetization. Specific heat and thermal strain measurements reveal a concomitant structural distortion (a-axis contraction and c-axis elongation) at TN. Crucially, this distortion is field-independent, ruling out magnetostriction. Our results demonstrate that the magnetoelectric coupling is cooperatively driven by the antiferromagnetic order and the structural phase transition, consistent with spin-lattice coupling or exchange striction mechanisms. This work provides critical insights for the design of multiferroic materials.
Background characteristics and burnout of Japanese resident physicians who did and did not share voluntary clinical cases
Mitochondrial flagella-like extensions (MitoFLARE) dysfunction triggers STING-mediated immune dysregulation in sepsis
Visualization of laser-driven phase transition in few-layer MoTe2
Phase transition between different polymorphs of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides is of great interest for the development of nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Here, we report the visualization of laser-driven 2H-to-1T′ phase transition in few-layer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) nanosheets by microwave impedance microscopy. The region after intense illumination exhibits clear Raman signatures of the 1T′ phase, as well as much higher local conductance than the untreated area. Moreover, the semiconducting 2H region displays strong photoresponse, whereas the metallic 1T′ region shows little photoconductivity. The spatially resolved information is important for correlating electrical and structural properties in functional 2D materials.
Influence of fine aggregate type on geopolymer mortar performance in an elevated temperature environment
Explainable machine learning-guided integrated multiomics analysis reveals macrophage-driven immune suppression in breast cancer
Top-gated multifunctional MoS2/silicon-on-insulator heterojunction
Van der Waals heterojunctions that combine materials with distinct properties enable the integration of multiple functionalities into a single device. Here, we demonstrate a top-gated n–n MoS2/silicon-on-insulator (SOI) heterojunction that can be configured into several operational modes: a thin-silicon channel transistor electrostatically modulated by a MoS2 secondary gate; a silicon channel phototransistor with a high responsivity of 64.1 A/W and a specific detectivity of 6.56 × 1012 Jones; an integrated diode-transistor showing a rectifying ratio approaching 104 and an on–off ratio up to 9600; and a self-powered photodiode featuring a fast response speed (rise/fall time of 3.2/3.6 μs). These results establish a pathway toward multifunctional electronic and optoelectronic integration using a simple commercial SOI platform.