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Pre-manufacturing prediction of jaggery color formation through soil and water parameters using machine learning
Effect of exertion on the biomechanics of walking with load carriage and running in young, healthy women
Abstract Musculoskeletal injuries, a major impediment to medical military readiness, are often associated with muscle fatigue caused by prolonged, repeated activities, including running and walking with load carriage. Here, we investigated the biomechanics of women running without a load and walking with load carriage to identify kinetic and kinematic parameters affected by exertion-related changes under both conditions. We collected motion-capture data and computed tomography images from 20 young, healthy women running without a load for 5 km at a subject-specific pace and walking with a 22.7-kg load for 5 km at a speed of 1.5 m/s. We developed individualized musculoskeletal models for each condition and characterized changes in kinetic and kinematic parameters for each subject between the start (0 km) and end of each 5-km session. We found that peak trunk flexion angle increased for both conditions (effect size ≥ 0.80), with the same trend for 18 of the 20 subjects. Peak hip extension, ankle dorsiflexion, and subtalar inversion internal moments had the same directional changes in both conditions, although not always meeting the significance threshold adjusted for multiple comparisons or yielding an effect size ≥ 0.80. In conclusion, this exploratory study identified exertional effects in women running without a load or walking with load carriage that resulted in biomechanical gait changes in the same direction, which could be used to develop countermeasures to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
One-pot click synthesis of hybrid triazole–pyridine-functionalized polyphenol derivatives under ultrasound irradiation and their antimicrobial assays
Energy and carbon estimation in construction and maintenance of pavements using conventional and alternative materials: a comparative analysis
Hydraulic characteristics and water immersion damage energy evolution mechanism of fractured rock repaired by microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP)
Exploratory eye movement characteristics to aid screening of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A cross-sectional outpatient study
Joint associations of sleep quality and depressive symptoms with incident digestive disease in a nationally representative Chinese cohort
Abstract Sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms are common and modifiable, yet their joint and longitudinal associations with incident digestive disease remain unclear. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, this national prospective cohort study included 3,711 Chinese adults free of digestive disease at baseline. Sleep quality (SQ) was derived from questionnaire-based sleep items, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Cox proportional hazards models estimated associations with incident self-reported digestive disease after adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity factors. Exploratory mediation analyses assessed model-based indirect associations, and joint trajectory-pattern analyses characterized longitudinal patterns of SQ and depressive symptoms. Sensitivity analyses examined alternative exposure definitions, restriction to participants without baseline comorbidities, and modified CESD-9 analyses after excluding the restless-sleep item. In separate models, poor SQ (HR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.39–2.01) and depressive symptoms (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.13–1.57) were both associated with higher risk. Compared with good SQ without depressive symptoms, elevated risks were observed for poor SQ without depressive symptoms (fully adjusted HR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.51–2.42) and poor SQ with depressive symptoms (HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.45–2.23). Exploratory mediation analyses showed an attenuated indirect association through depressive symptoms for the SQ–digestive disease association after full adjustment (ACME = 0.006; P = 0.106; proportion mediated = 7.8%), whereas the indirect association through SQ for the depressive symptoms–digestive disease association remained evident (ACME = 0.025; proportion mediated = 47.3%). Joint trajectory-pattern analyses showed elevated risks in the moderate worsening and marked worsening/lower SQ groups (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.24–1.82; and HR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.23–1.78, respectively). Sensitivity analyses were generally consistent, including analyses using modified CESD-9 after excluding the restless-sleep item. Poor SQ and depressive symptoms were associated with higher subsequent risk of incident self-reported digestive disease. The findings highlight a potential sleep–mood–digestive health link, although causal and interventional implications require further validation using objective sleep measures and refined disease phenotyping.
Integrative multi-scale analysis reveals a candidate melatonin receptor associated with early salinity response networks in barley
Effect of nano silica concentration and oil/water interactions on the rheological properties and performance of synthesized preformed particle gels for water shut-off
Hybrid GA-DQL approach for efficient task mapping of IoT applications in fog computing framework
Alumina foam-based electrolyte for thermal batteries: design and performance evaluation
Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant activities and molecular docking of Schiff base and its complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and UO2(II)
Abstract The global escalation of multidrug-resistant pathogens demands the urgent development of multifunctional metallo-pharmaceuticals. Coordination compounds offer a unique advantage by combining ligand bioactivity with metal-centered redox potential. A novel tetradentate N 2 O 2 Schiff base ligand (H 2 L) was synthesized via the condensation of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. Its coordination potential was explored through the synthesis of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and UO 2 (II) complexes. Comprehensive characterization was performed using spectroscopic (FT-IR, NMR, UV–Vis) and physicochemical techniques. Biological efficacy was quantified through antimicrobial (MIC/MMC), antibiofilm, and DPPH radical scavenging assays, supplemented by enzymatic (POX/CAT) profiling. Molecular docking studies using MOE 2019 targeted essential proteins from B. cereus , S. aureus , E. coli , and S. typhi (PDB: 1FEZ, 3Q8U, 3T88, and 6J90). Structural analysis confirmed the tetradentate dibasic nature of H 2 L. Metal complexation significantly enhanced biological potency; the UO 2 (II) and Cu(II) complexes exhibited superior antimicrobial effects, while the Mn(II) complex demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential (78.1% inhibition; IC 50 = 64.10 µg/mL), acting as a functional SOD-mimic. Biofilm formation in S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. coli was suppressed by up to 50% at 100 µg/mL of ligand and its complexes. Computational analysis revealed that Co(II) and UO 2 (II) complexes achieved the most favorable binding affinities, stabilized by hydrogen bonding and π-cation interactions. These findings suggest that these complexes represent promising scaffolds for next-generation antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, with significant potential for therapeutic application in disrupting microbial redox homeostasis.
Anatomical localization of the emergence point of the accessory zygomaticotemporal nerve using the marginal tubercle for its clinical implications
Abstract Zygomaticotemporal nerve (ZTN) blocks are widely used for temporal procedures, yet incomplete anesthesia may occur when accessory ZTN branches (aZTN) are not accounted for. This study aimed to localize the emergence point of the aZTN (aEP) using the marginal tubercle (MT) as a palpable landmark and to provide in vivo ultrasound depth information relevant to safe, accurate needle placement. We dissected 36 hemifaces from 20, embalmed cadavers to identify the aZTN and measure the aEP relative to the MT and the lateral canthus (LC). In vivo ultrasonography was performed in 23 healthy volunteers to measure the depth from the skin surface to the superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia (sDTF) near the MT. The aZTN was identified in 7 of 36 hemifaces (19.4%), with the aEP clustering within a few millimeters of the MT and showing three vertical patterns (superior, same level, or inferior). Using the LC as a reference, the aEP was located 22.3 ± 2.4 mm lateral and 5.8 ± 2.7 mm superior to the LC. Ultrasonography showed a mean skin-to-sDTF depth of 5.92 ± 0.99 mm. Two specimens demonstrated a bone-emergent aZTN variant (mean MT–bony emergence distance, 4.2 ± 0.1 mm). In conclusion, MT- (and LC-) referenced mapping, combined with ultrasound-derived depth to the sDTF, provides practical anatomical guidance for localizing the aEP and may help refine future MT-centered approaches for addressing accessory ZTN pathways.
Problem-based learning design multi-objective optimization to smart education: a digital transformation digital literacy model of higher education
Public announcements and mask use during COVID-19 bridging regression and machine learning
Abstract The effectiveness of public health policies has a major impact on society. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, policy-makers worldwide introduced various public health measures, such as social distancing and mask-wearing, to address the severe threat posed by the disease. Despite the importance of these issues, there has been no direct, visual evidence that mask-related policies led to the appropriate mask-wearing behaviour of the general public. Here, we show that regulations and public transport announcements encouraged correct mask-wearing behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. Importantly, changes in announcement and regulation contents led to heterogeneous effects on behaviour. Our study contributes the first visual open-source empirical analysis of reactive human behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic, investigating how compliant a general population is to mask-wearing policy. We combine object-detection-based convolutional neural networks, regression analysis and multilayer perceptrons to analyse visual data of the Viennese public during 2020. By comparing the predictive power of regression analysis and neural networks, we demonstrate that the neural networks provide more accurate predictions of population response during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, our use of regression modelling allows us to uncover possible causal pathways underlying societal behaviour. Since our findings underscore the importance of appropriate communication content, our work will facilitate more effective non-pharmaceutical interventions in future public health crises. Lastly, we demonstrate that the use of regression modelling and neural networks need not be mutually exclusive in the study of complex systems but can instead complement each other.
Unraveling the corrosion-mitigating action of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride on carbon steel in acidic media: integrated experimental and multiscale molecular perspectives
Abstract Using a combination of computational and experimental methods, the corrosion protection effectiveness provided by cyclobenzaprine (CBA) for carbon steel (CS) in a 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution was systematically examined. The corrosion protection efficiency and electrochemical behavior of CS with and without different concentrations of CBA were assessed using gravimetric measurements, polarization studies, impedance measurements, and the evaluation of the open circuit potential. The addition of CBA resulted in a notable decrease in double-layer capacitance (C dl ) and an increase in charge transfer resistance (R ct ), a considerable increase in the relaxation time constant (τ), as well as a considerable decrease in corrosion rate and corrosion current density, according to gravimetric and electrochemical data. The formation of a surface-bound shielding layer on the CS was demonstrated by surface characterization using SEM/EDS, AFM analysis, wettability assessment via contact angle evaluation, and UV–visible spectroscopic examination. At 192 μmol L −1 , the most effective corrosion protection of ~ 96% was achieved. The results showed that CBA functioned as an effective mixed-type inhibitor. Predominant physical adsorption was indicated by the corrosion inhibition efficiency, which improved with higher inhibitor dosage but decreased as the temperature rose. The thermodynamic and kinetic analyses showed spontaneous adsorption, following the Langmuir isotherm. The electronic characteristics and active adsorption centers of CBA were elucidated through density functional theory calculations, Fukui function examination, and natural bond orbital investigation. Additionally, the significance of π–electron systems and heteroatoms in surface interactions was emphasized.