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Comparative evaluation of intraosseous heat generation during bovine bone graft harvesting using two collector systems: a linear regression analysis
Abstract To compare heat generation within bone during the collection of autologous bone grafts using two different collection systems under controlled laboratory conditions. Forty D2-type bovine rib fragments were collected from an authorized slaughterhouse after the animals had been slaughtered for food. The samples were randomly divided into two groups: OSBC and Artifol. In each group, two types of drills (Ø4 mm and Ø5 mm) and two irrigation temperatures (room temperature and 10 °C) were tested. Perforation was controlled and temperature was measured with a Fluke TiS55 + thermal imaging camera. Statistical analysis included normality tests (Shapiro–Wilk), comparison of means (Student’s t-test), and multiple linear regression, all with a 95% confidence level and using Stata 17.0. The findings from the regression analysis indicated that using the Artifol System resulted in an increase in intra-osseous temperature by approximately + 0.92 °C (95% CI 0.30–1.55; p = 0.005). There was also a borderline increase in temperature produced with a Ø4 mm bur compared to a Ø5 mm bur (+ 0.32 °C; 95% CI 0.00–0.64; p = 0.048). When using cooled irrigation (10 °C), there were no longer any significant differences between the two systems and the OSBC system showed a slight decrease in temperature (− 0.18 °C; p = 0.301). In order to help establish this model further, the intercepts for both models showed baseline intraosseous temperatures of 13.40 °C and 14.82 °C, under ambient and cooled conditions respectively, providing further evidence of the superiority of irrigation as a means of thermal management. The type of collector system and the size of the bur will affect heat generation in bone, especially if the cold irrigation is discontinued. The continued application of irrigation at 10 °C has a strong effect on heat generation by the drill bur and results in the reduction of differences generated by devices and reinforcing its utility as a preventative technique in bone surgery.
Numerical simulation of productivity evaluation for multi-cluster fracturing in horizontal wells considering non-uniform proppant placement within fractures
Abdominal aortic tortuosity is not associated with other vascular peripheral pathologies or classical cardiovascular risk factors
Privacy-aware distributed intelligence with tokenized trust for low-latency task offloading in 6G vehicular edge networks
Plasma exosomal microRNAs as early predictors of subclinical acute kidney injury in septic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery: a prospective observational cohort study
Restoration stocks of a caribbean coral species contain low levels of inherent stony coral tissue loss disease resistance
Diurnal variation in physical activity and musculoskeletal injury risk across sex and habitual exercise timing among physically active students
Abstract This study examined whether habitual exercise timing and sex are associated with lower-limb injury prevalence and frequency in physically active young adults. A total of 454 recreationally active university students (48% males; age = 22.1 ± 2.4 years) completed a validated survey assessing training exposure, experience, and injury history. Habitual physical activity timing was classified into three defined categories: morning (08:00–11:00), midday/afternoon (11:00–17:00), and evening/night (17:00–24:00). Group differences were examined using chi-square and log-linear analyses. Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with injury counts and occurrence, adjusting for age, fat mass index (FMI), training load, and experience. Injury prevalence was higher in males than females ( p = 0.048). Injury frequency differed across time-of-day categories ( p = 0.004), with the highest burden among participants exercising evening/night. In ZIP models, males, exercising evening/night, and higher FMI were associated with higher injury counts, whereas older age was associated with fewer injuries. Logistic regression showed similar associations for injury occurrence (AUC = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.69–0.79). Lower-limb injury risk in young, physically active adults is consistently associated with habitual exercise timing, sex, and adiposity. These findings highlight the importance of considering exercise scheduling patterns and FMI in injury-prevention strategies.
Correcting diffusion artifacts in urinary oxygen tension monitoring
Risk-sensitive mean-field control of large-scale UAV Swarms for stochastic disaster tracking and robust first response
Symptoms of respiratory illness in wind players and their relationship to instrument hygiene
Unravelling the link between extreme rainfall and tropical wave activity over the west coast of India
Prognostic evaluation of retinal reattachment surgery: predictive efficacy analysis of microperfusion indices via contrast-enhanced ultrasound
UCTLFANet: a low-rank fine-tuning model for microalgae image segmentation
DataXflowGen for GenAI-driven model generation
Abstract For years, mathematical models have been successfully used to explain biological, chemical, or physical relationships. The enormous advances in artificial intelligence in understanding context-specific content can support humans in generating interaction hypotheses for modeling, enabling models to be generated and modified far more quickly. Our pipeline, DataXflowGen, uses GenAI to create models based on information such as research publications available on the internet. This approach reduces the need for specialized knowledge, as GenAI identifies relevant research papers online and extracts the relevant information. GenAI can build a model that fits the data to test its hypothesis. As a result, humans only need to conduct an in-depth analysis of those model components that do not align with the data, saving time when building a suitable regulatory network based on existing knowledge. In summary, GenAI is used to generate a human-interpretable model as a hypothesis, allowing an understanding of therapy suggestions and an explanation of actions based on a model validated with specific data, avoiding black-box AI decisions. This constitutes an approach to explainable AI that supports humans in analyzing complex relationships.
Next-generation antimicrobial dermal matrix eradicates polymicrobial biofilms and modulates inflammation in in vitro and ex vivo wound models
The effect of rotor airflow from plant protection UAV on pesticide application in rice
The effect of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy on sleep quality and insomnia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chiral Microneedle Arrays With Terahertz Chiroptical Activity With Chiral‐Plasmon‐Chiral‐Phonon Resonance
ABSTRACT Microneedle arrays (MNAs) is a rapidly emerging technology with broad biomedical applications in drug delivery and biosensing. With sub‐millimeter dimensions and periodicity, MNAs possess geometries nearly ideal for biomedical devices operating within the terahertz (THz) spectral window. Because chirality is crucial to the function of deposited drugs and surrounding tissues, realizing chiroptical resonances within MNAs could impart new capabilities to microneedle‐based technologies. However, methodologies for fabricating chiral MNAs are largely unknown and their importance remains largerly unrecognized. Here, we present a pathway to arrays of chiral microneedles (ARCHIMs) that exhibit strong and predictable chiroptical resonances in the THz range. These chiroplasmonic microneedles were prepared by glancing angle deposition of two sequential gold layers. ARCHIMs with thin, non‐centrosymmetric caps on each needle exhibit strong chiral plasmonic modes characterized by distinct THz circular dichroism (TCD) bands and polarization rotations as large as 5 degrees. To emulate chiral drugs and biologics, we coated the ARCHIMs with L ‐ and D ‐cystine crystals. We found that chiral phonons in the biocrystals resonate with chiral plasmons in the microneedles; their coupling induces handedness‐dependent shifts in the TCD spectra. This photonic effect was quantitatively described using a modified temporal coupled mode theory that incorporates polarization‐dependent resonator parameters. Our findings demonstrate that ARCHIMs provide an effective, tunable, and scalable platform for exploiting chiral light‐matter interactions, opening new opportunities in TCD sensing, chiral diagnostics, chiral phonon detection and THz photonics.