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Two-year prospective natural history study of EYS-associated retinitis pigmentosa using adaptive optics: the KEYS study
Role of polyacrylonitrile fiber diameter and aspect ratio on mechanical performance and pore structure of cementitious mortars
Path integration from optic flow and the role of eye movements
Abstract Optic flow provides critical visual information for self-motion perception, including direction (heading), speed, and travel distance (path integration). While eye movements are naturally elicited during optic flow, most lab-based studies of human path integration require central fixation, potentially altering perception. Here, we examined whether free eye movements improve distance discrimination compared with fixation, testing the hypothesis that oculomotor signals may support oculomotor odometry . The participants viewed two consecutive optic flow stimuli simulating forward self-motion across a ground plane and judged which interval represented the longer travel distance. Eye movement instructions varied across the four conditions, allowing either free-viewing or requiring fixation (still allowing for miniature slow and fast eye movements within a control window) during each interval. Behavioral accuracy was analyzed with generalized linear mixed-effects models, and eye movements were quantified either including or excluding saccades. As expected, free-viewing induced larger and faster saccades and higher smooth eye-movement speeds than fixation did. However, contrary to our hypothesis, fixation did not systematically impair distance discrimination. While cumulative eye-movement amplitudes scaled with travel distance as predicted, psychometric functions for perceived distance were similar across conditions. These findings, together with results from other recent studies, suggest that fixation-based paradigms do not impair the study of certain aspects of self-motion perception, including settings requiring stable gaze (e.g., EEG recordings).
Machine learning- assisted remaining useful lifetime prediction of power electronic converters
Hybrid metaheuristic optimization of convolutional neural networks for tomato leaf disease classification
Diagnostic gaps in light microscopy for malaria case management and control in Dilla Zuria Health Facility, southern Ethiopia
Risk of complications in adulthood following childhood metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis based on Korean national health insurance data
Metaheuristic-optimized machine learning framework for remote sensing-based alteration mapping of porphyry copper systems
Effects of nitrogen top-dressing treatments and development stages on morphological, colorimetric and biochemical characteristics of fresh bean pods (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Abstract Nitrogen management and harvest timing are critical determinants of fresh bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pod quality; however, their combined effects on morphological, colorimetric and biochemical characteristics during pod development remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated the effects of four nitrogen top-dressing fertilizers (ammonium sulfate [AS], slow-release fertilizer [SRF], nitropower [NP], and urea) and five pod development stages (BBCH 72–81) on pod morphology, color parameters, antioxidant capacity, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and protein content under field conditions. Nitrogen top-dressing significantly prolonged days to 50% flowering and pod setting times, with the latest flowering observed under urea treatment compared to basal fertilization. Pod length and width increased with advancing development stages, while pod water content declined from early stages to physiological maturity. Colorimetric analysis revealed a marked increase in lightness (L*), yellowness (b*) and chroma values with maturation, accompanied by a decrease in hue angle, indicating reduction in greenness and increase in yellowness. Antioxidant capacity exhibited a stage-dependent pattern, with lower values at intermediate stages and higher values at late development stages, particularly under urea treatment. Total phenolic, flavonoid and protein content increased significantly at the final development stage. Strong positive correlations were detected between antioxidant capacity, phenolic, flavonoid and protein content, whereas pod water content showed significant negative correlations with these quality traits. Overall, the results demonstrate that development stage plays a key role in determining pod quality, while nitrogen source influences the magnitude of these responses. Late harvest stages (BBCH 79–81), together with stable nitrogen sources such as SRF and AS, could be employed to improve nutritional and antioxidant properties of fresh bean pods.
Design Guidelines for Anode Modifications to Eliminate Soft Short Circuits in Anode‐Free Na Batteries Under High Current Density With Large‐Capacity Plating, Demonstrated via Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition (iCVD)
ABSTRACT Soft short circuits, an underrecognized failure mode, are especially critical in anode‐free sodium systems, where limited Na inventory makes cells highly vulnerable to irreversible Na loss. However, clear interphase‐design principles for suppressing soft shorting remain lacking because its interfacial origin and governing descriptors are still poorly understood. Herein, we propose a mechanistically guided interphase design strategy for soft‐short‐free Na metal anodes under practical conditions. An ultrathin (20 nm) poly(1H,1H,7H‐dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate) (pDFHA) layer was conformally deposited on an Al current collector via a solvent‐free vapor‐phase polymerization process. Its minimal thickness and intrinsic ionic conductivity enabled favorable Na + migration kinetics by shortening interfacial transport distance. Upon initial Na plating, interfacial conversion generated a ∼4 nm NaF‐rich inorganic domain, forming an integrated organic‐inorganic hybrid interphase. Finite element analysis showed that the laterally uniform interphase homogenized Na + flux and mitigated localized current amplification, thereby markedly reducing soft short initiation. Meanwhile, the hybrid architecture combined mechanical strength with the ability to accommodate substantial volume fluctuation. As a result, symmetric cells with pDFHA‐modified electrodes cycled stably for over 2000 h without soft shorting. Anode‐free full cells paired with Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathodes delivered 90.1 mAh g −1 at 1C and retained 90.8% capacity after 200 cycles, demonstrating practical robustness.
In vitro antitumor efficacy of hyaluronic acid coating for curcumin-loaded zeolitic imidazole frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) versus that of uncoated curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanocomposites
Abstract Cancer continues to pose one of the biggest health burdens. Liver cancer has difficulties with early detection, efficient treatment and treatment resistance. Zeolitic imidazole framework-8(ZIF-8) is a type of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) that has a lot of useful properties; including its structural flexibility, high porosity and adjustable pore sizes, these make such framework good for drug delivery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and breast cancer. In the present study, curcumin was loaded into ZIF-8, and hyaluronic acid was applied as coat in a step-by-step, molar ratio, and pH-dependent manner. The resulting curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 (CZIF-8) and curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 coated with hyaluronic acid (CZIF-8/HA) nanocomposites were characterized by zeta potential, SEM, TEM, and PXRD. The obtained irregular semi-spherical nanocomposites have an average particle size of 127.93 and 131.07 nm; respectively. Also, their anticancer activities against two cancerous cell lines (HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231) and non-cancerous cell line (MCR-5) were assessed in vitro along with reference drug such as doxorubicin using the MTT assay. Additionally, the mechanisms by which these nanocomposites kill these tumor cells were found to involve apoptosis (elevated caspase-3 expression) rather than necrotic one and cell cycle arresting at G1/S phase. These particles have lower IC 50; particularly against HepG-2. Further, CZIF-8/HA demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity against cancer cells (HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231) compared to CZIF-8 and doxorubicin, while exhibiting minimal toxicity toward normal MRC-5 cells. These results imply that ZIF-8/HA is a promising nanocarrier for curcumin administration and could be used as a therapeutic strategy for breast and liver cancer treatment.