Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
HMGA2 identified via m6A-senescence multi-omics in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Utility of mimicking B cell epitopes between Mycobacterium leprae and host as prognostic biomarkers in type 1 reaction in leprosy
Study on the formation of micro-scale shaped charge jet based on diameter effect
On the generalization limits of quantum generative adversarial networks with pure state generators
Abstract We investigate the capabilities of quantum generative adversarial networks (QGANs) in image generations tasks. Our analysis centers on fully quantum implementations of both the generator and discriminator. Through extensive numerical testing of current main architectures, we find that QGANs struggle to generalize across datasets, converging on merely the average representation of the training data. When the output of the generator is a pure-state, we analytically derive a lower bound for the discriminator quality given by the fidelity between the pure-state output of the generator and the target data distribution, thereby providing a theoretical explanation for the limitations observed in current models. Our findings reveal fundamental challenges in the generalization capabilities of existing quantum generative models. While our analysis focuses on QGANs, the results carry broader implications for the performance of related quantum generative models.
Retraction Note: DNA sequence and community structure diversity of multi-year soil fungi in Grape of Xinjiang
Sensitivity to permanent non-functionality in Goffin’s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana)
Abstract While the ability to recognize that something is irreparably broken is important for human physical and social cognition, its underpinnings remain largely unexplored in non-human animals. Recognizing the permanent loss of function is highly relevant to foraging on perishable resources and to interacting with breakable objects such as wooden tools. Nevertheless, learning how to respond to such permanent non-functionality has broader implications, as it has been proposed to represent an important prerequisite for the development of a minimal concept of death. The Goffin’s cockatoo, an opportunistic extractive forager and skilled tool user both in the field and in captivity, has become a significant non-primate model for technical cognition and problem solving. Here, we investigate whether Goffin’s cockatoos can develop sensitivity to perishable touchscreen icons. In this set-up, the parrots flexibly and spontaneously categorized specific interactive elements as persistently non-functional after associating them with a single negative event.
A novel method for standardised imaging of corneal subbasal nerves by in vivo confocal microscopy – a pilot validation study
Abstract In vivo confocal microscopy is a valuable tool for evaluating corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP). However, lack of standardised, repeatable, and reliable methods is a challenge, particularly in clinical, multi-centre, and longitudinal settings. To address this, we developed a standardised imaging method using the inferior whorl (IW) region of the SBNP as a reference for imaging a predefined 1.5 mm 2 central region of interest (ROI). No systematic differences were observed either between the two operators or between test–retest assessments performed by the same operator. A full 400 μm diameter circle around the IW was imaged in 85% of the mosaics. The inter-operator repeatability for the x- and the y-coordinates when defining the centre of the IW was 0.996 (95% CI [0.991, 0.999]) and 0.997 (95% CI [0.994, 0.999]), respectively. For 61% of the mosaics, the ROI was accurately positioned and fully imaged. By anchoring the ROI to the IW, the approach enables more repeatable and anatomically consistent imaging, supporting improved comparability across examinations. While the method shows promise, further refinement and technical development are required to enhance its reliability and robustness.
Mechanistic Insights into Li+, Bi3+ Co-doped BaCeO3: Eu3+ phosphors - defect passivation and enhanced charge-transfer excited emission
Tokenized market learning-based transaction scheduling for hydrogen–carbon chemistry consortium-based green energy communities with stakeholder welfare and sustainable transportation
Soybean (Glycine max) germination response to static magnetic field treatment
Screening-based repurposing identifies potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate (KDAS) as a selective suppressor of TNF-α-induced caspase-8-dependent apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells
Impact of herbal medicine use on HbA1c levels among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in northwest Ethiopia
Comfort-oriented stiffness sensitivity assessment of long-span cable-stayed bridges based on vehicle-bridge coupled vibration analysis
A longitudinal study on the effect of aerobic exercise intervention on working memory of college students with internet addiction
Structure-aware anomaly detection via semantic prototype reconstruction in hyperbolic space
Size- and lifetime-aware disjoint dominating set formation and multi-armed-bandit-based scheduling for energy-efficient IoT-WSNs in sustainable smart city applications
Association between a composite serum oxidative stress biomarker score and systemic inflammation: A multi-provincial cross-sectional study in Chinese adults
Numerical simulation of proppant transport in hydraulic fractures with length-dependent variable aperture
Abstract Hydraulic fracturing is vital for enhancing oil and gas production. Proppant transport governs fracture conductivity and is therefore critical. Most studies simplify fractures as constant-width structures, inconsistent with real variable-width fractures.This paper establishes numerical models for proppant transport in variable-width fractures and networks via a solid-liquid two-phase flow method.The results show that, compared to constant-width fractures, variable-width fractures exhibit abrupt changes (reduction) in proppant bank height at width transition points, and the proppant bank trailing edge length is significantly shorter. Proppant particle size has a significant impact: smaller particle sizes increase the leading-edge length by up to 6.7 times and reduce the leading-edge inclination angle by up to 0.22 times. Perforation location greatly influences proppant vortices: when space near the fracture entrance is limited, only a counterclockwise vortex forms near the bottom perforation; if sufficient space exists between the proppant bank and the fracture entrance, besides counterclockwise vortices near the bottom and top perforations, a clockwise vortex forms slightly away from the entrance along the outer edge of the proppant bank; no vortices form in regions far from the fracture entrance. This study provides a new approach for researching proppant transport laws in irregularly shaped fractures.
Initial appearance and temporal distribution of pedicle screw loosening after single-level lumbar interbody fusion
Abstract Pedicle screw (PS) loosening is a recognized complication after lumbar interbody fusion, but the timing of its initial appearance and its temporal distribution remain insufficiently defined. This retrospective study evaluated 212 patients who underwent single-level lumbar interbody fusion with PS fixation to clarify when PS loosening first appears, how it changes over time, and which clinical factors are associated with its development. The median follow-up duration was 502 days [364.5–731.75]. PS loosening was identified on postoperative computed tomography in 18.9% of patients. Approximately half of the cases were observed within 90 days, and nearly two-thirds within 180 days. Most cases occurred during the early postoperative period, but a smaller number continued to emerge up to one year. Occurrences beyond one year were rare. Older age and lower lumbar levels, particularly L4/5 and L5/S1, demonstrated significant associations with PS loosening. These findings provide a clearer understanding of the temporal characteristics of PS loosening and emphasize the importance of postoperative CT for detecting early changes. They also highlight the need for appropriate follow-up strategies to identify delayed cases that may otherwise be overlooked.