Browse Articles

Quantum theory of Bloch oscillations in a resistively shunted transmon

Catalytic transformation of carbon dioxide into seven-membered heterocycles and their domino transformation into bicyclic oxazolidinones

Brd7 loss reawakens dormant metastasis initiating cells in lung by forging an immunosuppressive niche

Comprehensive exploration of visual working memory mechanisms using large-scale behavioral experiment

Abstract Two decades of research on visual working memory have produced substantial yet fragmented knowledge. This study aims to integrate these findings into a cohesive framework. Drawing on a large-scale behavioral experiment involving 40 million responses to 10,000 color patterns, a quasi-comprehensive exploration model of visual working memory, termed QCE-VWM, is developed. Despite its significantly reduced complexity (57 parameters versus 30,796), QCE-VWM outperforms neural networks in data fitting. The model provides an integrative framework for understanding human visual working memory, incorporating a dozen mechanisms—some directly adopted from previous studies, some modified, and others newly identified. This work underscores the value of large-scale behavioral experiments in advancing comprehensive models of cognitive mechanisms.

Author Correction: Triggering the 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa

A truncated pre-F protein mRNA vaccine elicits an enhanced immune response and protection against respiratory syncytial virus

The oncolytic adenovirus TILT-123 with pembrolizumab in platinum resistant or refractory ovarian cancer: the phase 1a PROTA trial

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated modest efficacy as a monotherapy in ovarian cancer. Originally developed to improve efficacy of T-cell therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer, TILT-123 (Ad5/3-E2F-D24-hTNFα-IRES-hIL-2) is a serotype chimeric oncolytic adenovirus encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-2. Here we report results from phase 1a of PROTA, a single-arm, multicentre dose escalation trial with TILT-123 and pembrolizumab in female patients with platinum resistant or refractory ovarian cancer (NCT05271318). The primary endpoint was safety. Secondary endpoints included efficacy, tolerability, virus persistence and anti-viral immunity. Patients (n = 15) received intravenous and intraperitoneal and/or intratumoral injections of TILT-123 as well as intravenous pembrolizumab. Treatment was well tolerated, and no dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The most frequent adverse events were fever (40%), fatigue (40%) and nausea (40%). Disease control was achieved in 64% of evaluable patients (9/14). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 98 and 190 days respectively. Clinical responses were associated with higher serum anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibody titer at baseline and post-treatment. The phase 1b investigating TILT-123, pembrolizumab and PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin in a similar patient population is underway.

Distributed cross-learning for equitable federated models - privacy-preserving prediction on data from five California hospitals

Transmembrane voltage-gated nanopores controlled by electrically tunable in-pore chemistry

Testosterone exacerbates neutrophilia and cardiac injury in myocardial infarction via actions in bone marrow

Abstract Men develop larger infarct sizes than women after a myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanism underlying this sex difference is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that blood neutrophil counts post-MI were higher in male than female mice. Castration-induced testosterone deficiency reduced blood neutrophil counts to the level in females and increased survival post-MI. These effects were mimicked by Osterix-directed ablation of the androgen receptor in bone marrow (BM). Mechanistically, androgens downregulated the leukocyte retention factor CXCL12 in BM stromal cells. Post-hoc analysis of clinical trial data showed that neutrophilia was greater in men than women after reperfusion of first-time ST-elevation MI, and tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor, reduced blood neutrophil counts and infarct size to a greater extent in men than women. Our work reveals a previously unknown mechanism connecting testosterone with neutrophilia and MI injury via BM and identifies the importance of considering sex when developing anti-inflammatory strategies to treat MI.

On-line Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Reveals Material Degradation Dynamics of Au and Cu Catalysts during Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction

Anion-Modulated Solvation Sheath and Electric Double Layer Enabling Lithium-Ion Storage From −60 to 80 °C

Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydro-1<i>H</i>-1,3-methanocarbazoles by Formal (3 + 3)-Cycloaddition Using Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes

Efficacy and fibrinogen correlations of defibrinogen therapy in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Dual-Ligand Assisted Anisotropic Assembly for the Construction of NIR-II Light-Propelled Mesoporous Nanomotors

Author Correction: Integrating fault detection and classification in microgrids using supervised machine learning considering fault resistance uncertainty

Red blood cell distribution width is an independent predictor of mortality following amputation for diabetic foot

Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Vallesamidine and Schizozygane Alkaloids

Multi-scale sparse convolution and point convolution adaptive fusion point cloud semantic segmentation method

Probing London Dispersion in Proton-Bound Onium Ions: Are Alkyl–Alkyl Steric Interactions Reliably Modeled?